Concept futhi izinhlobo amacala. Amakhodi Criminal kanye Administrative we Russian Federation

Ezikhathini zanamuhla, inani elikhulu izakhamuzi abenze amacala ahlukahlukene, ezihlobene amagatsha ahlukahlukene oshayiwe Russian. emacaleni Administrative ningathwali kakhulu usongo emphakathini, ezifana zlodeniya ngamacala obugebengu, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngeke bashushiswe futhi ube nemiphumela ebuhlungu e ifomu of icala lomthetho.

Amakhodi Criminal kanye Administrative we Russian Federation: izici, okufanayo

Ngo rossiiyskih zakondatelstve ukuheha indoda ngenxa yalokho akwenza kungaba imithetho eziningana umthetho, umbuzo lapha kuphela lokho icala akenzanga. Njengoba ojwayelekile, amakhodi lobugebengu kanye nezokuphatha aqukethe uhlu lwezihloko mayelana namacala ezahlukene sphere ezahlukene emphakathini, kodwa umehluko yabo eyinhloko komunye nomunye ukuthi icala akusho kuhilelani a nemiphumela eyingozi nemibi oshayiwe zokuphatha, njengeselelesi, ngaleyo ndlela-ke ongaqhubeki imiphumela okonile.

Esikhathini lobugebengu umthetho welithi "lokucasula 'kuwo ubizelé isenzo lobugebengu kanye yingozi emphakathini, ngoba kuphathelene nani ukubukeka zokuqiniseka isephulamthetho ukuthi pogashaetschya emva inombolo ethile edlule.

Ukuze ukwenza ieala zokuphatha kungaba ngendlela avelelwe isikhungo okwesikhashana izinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi esimweni ubugebengu, le nkathi kungenzeka ngisho amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi okwamanje ngesikhathi umsolwa akuthunyelwa ku sikhungo yeziboshwa.

Isijeziso ikhomishana uhlobo oluthile lokucasula ziyokwenziwa kuphela yinkantolo, lokhu ukufana omkhulu phakathi amakhodi zokuphatha kanye nomthetho wezobugebengu.

Concept futhi izinhlobo amacala

Ukoniwa kuyisenzo ekhubazekile elibangela umonakalo emphakathini. Icala kungahle kubangelwe izisusa siqu isephulamthetho futhi kuthinte sphere ezihlukahlukene zokuphila emphakathini.

Amacala zihlukaniswe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• isenzo engesiyo ingozi emphakathini, kodwa athwala umthetho;
• ubugebengu yingozi ikakhulukazi umphakathi ngamunye futhi kulawulwa umthetho lobugebengu.

Isibonelo lokungaziphathi kahle kuyinto lokungaziphathi kahle ekwenzeni imisebenzi esemthethweni, igunya ukuphathwa.

Isibonelo ubugebengu kungaba noma yimuphi umsebenzi kushiwo umuntfu lophilako, olungena ngaphansi komthetho lobugebengu.

Concept futhi izinhlobo amacala akhona kuzo zonke ubudlelwano yomphakathi esemthethweni, esikhundleni salokho, sabela icala lokungaziphathi kahle kule subtypes ezilandelayo:

• disitsplinarnye (uma imisebenzi umsebenzi);
• nezokuphatha (isicefe umphakathi) ;
• komthetho we-civil (emkhakheni impahla kanye nobudlelwane siqu).

icala lobugebengu

Uhlu wonke amacala, okubonisa izihloko eziqukethwe Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, okuyinto iqoqo elilodwa imithetho egcwele, eyayifanele ngenxa yobugebengu.

A icala lobugebengu siyingozi, isenzo esingekho emthethweni, okuyinto yokwenza noma yokungenzi okuthile yabo kwephula amalungelo nenkululeko nezinye izakhamuzi, okuyinto ke kuphakamisa ukuvela umthwalo sodeyannnoe.

Futhi, ubugebengu zihlukaniswa lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ngenhloso, ukuthi kusukela ekuqaleni abazenzileyo ubugebengu kanye nobubi;
• budedengu izimisele mayelana nesigameko sengqondo sokunganaki umuntu emsebenzini wakhe noma ukunganaki.

Concept futhi izinhlobo amacala endaweni yomthetho ngobugebengu abanalo eliphakeme ephezulu futhi ekhethekile, ubunjalo ngokungemthetho ukoniwa.

Isibonelo ubugebengu abanganaki kuyinto Article 264 we Criminal Code, lapho izinyathelo umshayeli neostrozhnye ekufeni futhi sina nemiphumela ukuze abagibeli noma abahamba ngezinyawo.

Izibonelo zlodenyany ngenhloso yilezi: ukubulala, ukudlwengula, ukweba, ukukhwabanisa, ukuphanga kanye nezinye izenzo imbozwe ingxenye ekhethekile Ikhodi Crime.

A icala lobugebengu kuyicala kuyingozi ngokukhethekile, bayokwahlulelwa ngemiphumela kwezomthetho zazo.

Izindlela zonya wecala

Kukhona izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko wecala komuntu:

• ngenhloso;
• ukunganaki.

Ngokuhambisana lezi zimiso ezimbili kunqunywa isigaba isenzo lobugebengu nesijeziso ngokwengeziwe sodeyannnoe.

izenzo Ngenhloso kukhona ngenhloso ngqo, futhi labo bophezela them, bayaziqaphela ngokungemthetho yezenzo zabo.

ubugebengu abanganaki izimisele ngokusebenzisa ukunganaki, futhi umuntu akalindele futhi engathandi ngoba imiphumela engemihle.

UMthetho Emacaleni Administrative

Concept nezinhlobo namacala Ikhodi Amacala Administrative abe nesiqeshana izici ezifanayo njengoba emthethweni lobugebengu, into kuphela ohlukanisa amacala zokuphatha ngazo izenzo zokwephula umthetho - iyona degree aphansi ingozi kwezenhlalo kanye ukungabikho nemiphumela enamandla yokucasukela ngesimo nerekhodi lobugebengu.

Ikhodi Amacala Administrative we Russian Federation elawula zokuvimbela amacala endaweni komphakathi, iziphathimandla zikahulumeni, imithetho yomgwaqo, kanye enqabela amanye amacala futhi isijeziso kubo - 'Nanku umthetho eziyisisekelo ku amacala zokuphatha.

Amafomu unecala lokwephula umthetho zokuphatha

Icala emkhakheni umthetho zokuphatha akuhileli umthwalo nezokuphatha okuhlaselayo, okuyinto ungaboniswa ngesimo izinhlawulo, sokuwa, ukumiswa imisebenzi, izixwayiso.

ukwephulwa Administrative ngesimo wecala zihlukaniswe zibe:

• ngenhloso;
• budedengu.

ukwephulwa Ngenhloso zokuphatha - it is emthethweni isenzo yomphakathi, umuntu wabafaka, wabona kusengaphambili imiphumela engemihle futhi wafisa nesenzakalo yabo. Izibonelo macala kungaba: ukubhema endaweni yomphakathi lapho isakhamuzi uyazi ukuthi akukho emthethweni, futhi namanje bophezela izenzo ezingekho emthethweni, enethemba lokuthi ngeke ugweme isigwebo inhlawulo.

ukwephulwa abanganaki emkhakheni komthetho wokuphatha - okungahleliwe, izenzo budedengu noma ukweqiwa isephulamthetho ngubani engathandi ngoba imiphumela engemihle. Kulokhu, isibonelo kungaba ukwephulwa imithetho yomgwaqo ngumshayeli, ngubani ngaphambi kokudlulela imoto Awuhlolanga le ukuseviswa kuzo zonke izinto zikagesi emotweni, ekugcineni ngathola esihle umlilo ungavuthi isibani isibani.

Nabantu abenza amacala

Emkhakheni wezingalo zokuphatha emacaleni isenzo kungenzeka benziwa izinhlangano ezingokomthetho kanye nabantu.

Isibonelo bayolandisa inhlangano engokomthetho simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako: kule club okwesikhashana imisebenzi kudalwa ukwephulwa izidingo zokuphepha umlilo kanye nokuhlolwa isimo umlilo ukuhlolwa wakhipha umyalelo, owawuthi, kubalulekile ukuqeda lezi kuwo ukuhlukumeza ngesikhathi uma mfuneko angagcwaliseki ngesikhathi esifanele isigwebo uzobe onikezwe umuntu ngokomthetho.

Emthethweni lobugebengu lomuntu yenza isenzo sobugebengu, kungaba kumuntu noma iqembu labantu, okuyinto lalizokwenza sodeyannnoe. Ngokwesibonelo: nalowo isakhamuzi inkunzi isakhamuzi futhi wathatha isikhwama sakhe, ngokuqondene egade futi ngokuphanga, ekugcineni efika iminyaka engu-2 etilongweni baya badonsa izigwebo zabo ezindaweni yeziboshwa.