Imikhankaso YaseCrimea zeminyaka 1687-1689

Ekhulwini XVII enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea wayengomunye walabo izingcezwana we WamaMongol ubudala - the zidlamlilo Golden. khans Local okuhleliwe ngokuphindaphindiwe ayehlasela onegazi eMoscow ezinsukwini zika-internet Ivana Groznogo. Nokho, unyaka ngamunye sona zonke nzima ukumelana laseRussia lilodwa.

Ngakho-ke, Krymskoe Hanstvo baba selikhonza Turkey. I uMbuso WaseTurkey ngaleso sikhathi safinyelela iqophelo ukuthuthukiswa yayo. It enwetshiwe ensimini emazwekazini amathathu. Impi nale izwe sasingagwemeki. Ababusi lokuqala Romanov makhosi sizing eCrimea.

INGEMUVA Kuzonyuka

Esikhathini Maphakathi nekhulu XVII phakathi Poland neRussia Kwagqashuka nzima Kwesokunxele-Bank Ukraine. Impikiswano kule ndawo ezibalulekile yaphenduka impi isikhathi eside. Ekugcineni, isivumelwano sokuthula esasayinwa ngo 1686. Ngokusho ke, laseRussia lathola izindawo ebanzi kanye Kiev. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Romanov ivumile ukujoyina lo okuthiwa oNgcwele League of kwemibuso yaseYurophu ngokuvukela uMbuso WaseTurkey.

It wadalwa imizamo uPapa Innocent XI. Eziningi zazo zaba isimo lamaKatolika. Lolu phiko wajoyina Republic of Venice, uMbuso Ongcwele WaseRoma, kanye Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Kuyinto lesi sibopho somshado abe esehlanganyela naye Russia. amazwe Christian bavumile ukwenza ndawonye ekulweni nosongo Muslim.

Russia eNhlanganweni Yezizwe oNgcwele

Ngakho, ngo-1683, i-Great Turkish neMpi. Impi main senzeka e-Hungary nase-Austria, ngaphandle iqhaza waseRussia. I Romanovs, ngoba ingxenye yayo, waqala iqhinga kuhlaselwa YaseCrimea Khan - ezikhonza ngaphansi kwe-Sultan. Umqalisi yomkhankaso yayisiyindlovukazi uSophia, ngaleso sikhathi owayengumbusi langempela zwe elikhulukazi. izikhulu Juvenile uPetru noJohane zibalo esisemthethweni kuphela, okuyinto ukuzixazulula lutho.

imikhankaso YaseCrimea kwaqala ngo 1687, lapho i-South usephendukele amabutho ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu iphansi kwesandla sika-Prince Vasily Golitsyn. Wayengumuntu inhloko yabangamashumi Ambassadors ye-oda, futhi ngaleyo ndlela, unesibopho inqubomgomo angaphandle embusweni. Ngaphansi amabhanela zakhe babengekho regiments nje njalo eMoscow, kodwa futhi Cossacks khulula kusuka Zaporozhye noDon. Bekabadosa Ataman Ivan Samoylovich ngawo amasosha Russian wajoyina ngo-June 1687 kwi lomfula Samara.

Umkhankaso enamathiselwe ukubaluleka okukhulu. UZandile wayefuna impumelelo lempi bahlanganise amandla kwayo esimweni. imikhankaso YaseCrimea wayebe ngomunye njengenye yentuthuko enkulu eyenziwa ibhodi yayo.

Lo mkhankaso wokuqala

amabutho Russian kulo kuqala enenkolelo yokuthi amaTatar, ngemva kokuwela eMfuleni Conca (a owumthelela Dnieper). Kodwa abaphikisi baqinisekisa uzilungiselele ukuhlasela bevela enyakatho. AmaTatar washisa lonke asemaqeleni esifundeni, ngenxa lokho amahhashi yebutho isiRashiya kwakuwulimi umane lutho lapho. izimo Horrible kwaholela yokuthi ngezinsuku zokuqala ezimbili ngemva kwesokunxele amamayela 12 kuphela away. Ngakho, imikhankaso YaseCrimea owaqala ngokuvukela ukwehluleka. Heat nothuli uholé yokuthi Golitsyn ngokuthi umkhandlu, lapho kwanqunywa ukuba abuyele ekhaya.

Ukuze ngandlela-thile ukuchaza ngokwehluleka kwabo, isikhulu waqala ukufuna izigilamkhuba. Kuleli qophelo, wawunikela izahlulelo ezinamandla okungaziwa Samoilovych. Ataman asolwa ukuthi yena Cossacks wakhe ngomlilo asemaqeleni. Mayelana ekubalahleni waziwa UZandile. Samoylovich kwaba ehlazweni futhi walahlekelwa Mace - uphawu ngokokusebenza kwamandla akhe. Rada Kazakov, lapho isikhulu wakhetha wabizwa ngokuthi Ivan Mazepa. Lesi sibalo busekelwa futhi Vasily Golitsyn, uba ngaphansi kokuphatha kukabani ubuholi aphethwe imikhankaso YaseCrimea.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo ubutha waqala ngakwesokudla iphiko emzabalazweni Turkey neRussia. Army eliholwa uJenene Gregory Kosagova ngempumelelo athunjwa Ochakov - i inqaba ezibalulekile ogwini oLwandle Olumnyama. I-Turks waqala ukukhathazeka. Izimbangela Kuzonyuka YaseCrimea ophoqelelwe indlovukazi ukunikeza ukuze ahlele umkhankaso omusha.

Eyesibili umkhankaso

Lo mkhankaso yesibili iqala ngo-February 1689. Usuku awuzange ekhethwe ithuba. Prince Golitsyn efuna ukungazi enhlonhlweni entwasahlobo, ukuze ugweme ukushisa kwehlobo futhi umlilo wequbula. ibutho Russian kuhlanganisa abantu mayelana 110,000. Naphezu izinhlelo, ke kancane. Tatar ukuhlaselwa wawutholakala - impi ewumnqamula-juqu akwenzekanga.

May 20 Russian bafika enqabeni osendaweni ezibalulekile - Perekop, okuyinto wema mdweshu ewumngcingo ezaholela eCrimea. Duzane kwathiwa bemba kushaft. Golitsyn akazange alinge ukuthatha izingozi futhi bathumbe abantu ezikhukhula Perekop. Kodwa wachaza isinyathelo sakhe ngenxa yokuthi le nqaba kwaba nhlobo imithombo ukuphuza ngamanzi ahlanzekile. Army ngemva kwempi olunegazi bangahlala ngaphandle ngamakhaya. Ngu YaseCrimea Khan wayethumele izithunywa. Izingxoxo yayiqhubeka. Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kwenzeka amabutho Russian waqala amahhashi. Kwacaca ukuthi imikhankaso YaseCrimea ka 1687-1689 biennium. ize phambili. Golitsyn isinqumo okwesibili ukuze ujike ibutho emuva.

Ngakho uqede imikhankaso YaseCrimea. Uzikhandle iminyaka awukanikezi izinzuzo Russian eziphathekayo. Izenzo zakhe ukuphazanyiswa Turkey, yingakho umbimbi European Kwakulula ukulwa naye kwi Western Front.

Ukugumbuqelwa UZandile

Ngalesi sikhathi e Moscow, Sofia wayesesimweni esimenza abe nzima. Ukuhluleka kwako baphikisane ne eziningi boyars. Wazama ukwenza sengathi konke kuhamba kahle yini: Golitsyn uhalalisele ngempumelelo. Nokho, ehlobo kwakukhona etat Ukuketulwa. Abasekeli uPetru abasha wagudluzwa indlovukazi.

UZandile ukuthi tonsured indelakazi. Golitsyn kwaba ekudingisweni sibonga lokulabhela umzala wakhe. abasekeli Abaningi umbuso ubudala babulawa. imikhankaso YaseCrimea ka 1687 kanye 1689. okwaholela yokuthi UZandile kwaba atihambi todvwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho Inqubomgomo Russian e-South

Esikhathini esizayo, uPetru wazama ukulwa ne-Turkey. imikhankaso yakhe Azov kwaholela impumelelo wezindlela. ERussia kwakukhona lasolwandle kuqala. Nokho, kunqandwe amanzi kwangaphakathi endaweni yoLwandle Azov.

Lokhu kwashukumisela uPetru ukuba banake aseBaltic, lapho isingathwe eSweden. Khona-ke kwaqala Elikhulu Northern neMpi, okwaholela ukwakhiwa Petersburg ekuguquleni Russia ku umbuso. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abaseTurkey yanqoba Azov. Russia usebuyele ogwini oluseningizimu engxenyeni kwekhulu XVIII yesibili.