Haim Veytsman - umongameli wokuqala we Israyeli

Eyokuqala umongameli we Israyeli, Haim Veytsman nguye wanikezela ukuphila kwakhe ukudalwa le zabantu bakhe ePalestina. Ayemiselwe siphile nezimpi ezimbili, walahlekelwa indodana yakhe, kodwa babe labo ayohola ngayo abantu bakhe esikhathini Israyeli omusha.

kweminyaka engu

Haim Veytsman wazalwa 27.11.1874 edolobhaneni bloodworms eduze Pinsk (namuhla Belarus). Uyise wasebenza wokuba umabhalane ehhovisi, lapho umshado izingodo kude. Umndeni wayenamadodakazi eziyisithupha, namadodana akhe amabili.

Izingane ezikhula ngaphansi kwesimo namasiko obuJuda, kodwa izingxenye zemfundo. Ekuqaleni, uChaim wakhulela cheder, bese nezifundo zakhe e-Real School, kusukela lapho wathola iziqu e 1892.

Ukwakheka alandelayo le nsizwa eJalimane and Switzerland. Ngemva kokuthola Doctor Tutor kuba kuqala University of Geneva futhi kamuva Manchester.

Ukuqala umsebenzi wakhe zezombusazwe

Phakathi nezifundo zakhe, Haim Veytsman bajoyine umbuthano Zionist. abameleli balo babephefumulelwe imicabango Herzl. Weizmann baba advocate ne umqondo wokwakha inyuvesi kumaJuda, okwakufanele babe isikhungo ezingokomoya zabantu Zionism.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo Haim Veytsman khona owayephikisana uhlelo okubizwa ngokuthi-Uganda, owawuthi ezihlongozwayo ukwakha isikhungo yesikhashana Jewish kazwelonke kude emazweni zomlando.

Ngemuva kokukhokha e Manchester walibumba ukubukwa pro-British. Lapha yena ushada Vera Hatsman, owawungumnyaka umfundi wasenyuvesi. Ngu-1910, uthisha uthola yisakhamuzi British futhi wahlangana Nkosi Balfour. Haim engenza umngane wakhe omkhulu (esizayo wezangaPhandle British), ukuthi ukwakha ikhaya Jewish kazwelonke kumele ibe kahle ku eZweni kaIsrayeli.

Phakathi Umhlaba Okokuqala

Kusukela ekuqaleni kwempi emjikelezweni Zionist wathatha hlangothi. Nakuba amanye amalungu alo, isibonelo, uVladimir Jabotinsky, wenza isinqumo khona lapho kumiswa Legion Jewish njengengxenye -British Army. Yena bekumele khulula Palestine kusukela iziphathimandla Turkish.

Amacebo Jabotinsky asekelwe Haim Veytsman. Nguye Bahlela umhlangano Nkosi Kitchener, owakhonza njengelungu ungqongqoshe impi eBrithani.

Phakathi nempi, Weizmann wakwazi ukunikeza amasevisi abalulekile British Army. Amabutho ahlomile Kudingeka acetone, esetshenziselwa ukwenziwa ongenantuthu neziqhumane. Ngaphambi kwalokho, acetone amazwe base-United States, kodwa konke kwashintsha nokuba khona ngwenya German e-Atlantic Ocean ngo-1915. Umthaki wakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukukhiqizwa acetone esiqhingini. Ukwakha ukusetshenziswa lokuqala okusanhlamvu isitashi, kodwa lokho kwenzeka ukuthonya supply emakethe izitshalo zasekhaya. Ngakho-ke wanquma ukusebenzisa izithelo ihhashi onsundu, okuyinto babengenalo umsoco. Ukubutha yahanjelwa onsundu ngisho nezingane zesikole.

Ngalesi Weizmann ithole oxhumana ebaluleke phakathi imibuthano isinqumo yaseBrithani. Wakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziphathimandla UK zabonisa isithakazelo Zionism. Ngenxa isiMemezelo SikaBalfour esayinwe 1917. Lowo Mbhalo wangonyaka we kwakuyisiqalo ukubuyiselwa isikhungo Jewish ePalestina.

With ukuvela isiMemezelo SikaBalfour baba sezombusazwe ethandwa kakhulu kumibuthano Zionist. Ngo-1918, yena waba inhloko yalawa Zionist Commission, okuyinto wathunyelwa Palestine kusukela uhulumeni waseBrithani. IKhomishana kumele bahlole amathemba settlement kungenzeka futhi ukuqhubeka amaJuda. Landela nokuphila we Weizmann zazibalwa obumbene lapho edala le zabantu bakhe ePalestina.

Phakathi Okwesibili Umhlaba

Ngaphambi nje kokuqala kweMpi Yezwe II Haim Veytsman, ogama biography ixhunyaniswe ukudalwa Israyeli, aqala ukuphelelwa udumo emibuthanweni Zionist. Isizathu salokhu kwaba ukudalwa Britain Odingidwayo, okuyinto ephambene nezimiso isiMemezelo SikaBalfour.

Ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemva nje kwempi isazi-sezombusazwe wathumela isitatimende esemthethweni ukuze uhulumeni waseBrithani. Lathi ukuthi amaJuda angabantu ohlangothini Britain futhi bafuna ukulwela intando yeningi.

Phakathi nempi Weizmann abasebenza ukukhiqizwa high-octane fuel, zokwenziwa kuyo izihlahla zenjoloba. Waba nesandla yokuthi amaJuda waba yisosha British. Phakathi nempi, kwakukhona amavolontiya mayelana abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nesikhombisa, kuhlanganise indodana Weizmann, owashona ngo-1942.

ukudalwa Israyeli

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le post-yimpi Zionist Inhlangano akuyona ayakhethwa likaMengameli we Weizmann Kwezwe Zionist Inhlangano, akazange ashiye imizamo ukwakha nombuso wamaJuda.

Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, ngo-1947 i-United Nations yanquma on ukwahlukanisa kwePalestina. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokumiswa uMbuso Wakwa-Israyeli owayezoba umongameli ngakwazi ukuthola isitifiketi sokuba kusukela ekhanda US (Truman) kwemvume lokunikeza loan ku ezimvunayo ukuze nombuso wamaJuda usayizi eziyikhulu million dollars.

Inqubomgomo wakhethwa inhloko yalawa Yesikhashana oPhethe elisha ngo 1948, futhi ngo-1949 - umongameli wokuqala. Wathi eqambe wayeneminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa nane ubudala. Ngenxa yobudala kanye nokugula, wayengumuntu kanzima bahlanganyele izindaba zomphakathi. Yaba esihlalweni ikhaya siqu Rehovot. Ayakhethwa ihlandla lesibili Weizmann kwaba ngo-1951.

President Israeli wafa ngenxa 11.09.1952 kokugula isikhathi eside.

amaqiniso ezithakazelisayo

Testamentary Weizmann wangcwatshwa ensimini yendlu yakhe, esemgwaqweni ku ensimini Research Institute Rehovot. Kusukela ngo-1949, i-Institute bawuthwala igama lakhe.

Umengameli wokuqala ngo-1949 wanyathelisa incwadi ekhuluma ngaye siqu. It yanyatheliswa ngesiNgisi ngaphansi kwesihloko esithi "Befuna indlela."

Haim Veytsman (izingcaphuno ukubonisa lokhu) khona sezombusazwe ezihlakaniphile nabanokuqonda. Wakwazi ukuxhumana imibono yakhe ukuba interlocutor yakhe. Isitatimende yesiteleka kakhulu. "IJerusalema esasinalo lapho siqala babesayenza emaxhaphozini esikhundleni London," "Mhlawumbe, thina ningamadodana abathengisi, kodwa thina - the abazukulu abaprofethi"

Umshana Weizmann umzalwane (Ezeri) baba umongameli wesikhombisa ka-Israyeli. Wabusa ezweni ngonyaka 1993-2000.