Umholi ongumlimi yabashokobezi ibutho Gerasim Kurin: Biography, izimpumelelo amaqiniso athakazelisayo

Umlando we War of 1812 is ukuba iningi baseRussia eyaziwa kuphela ngokuya jikelele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagama amaningi izinhlamvu zawo, ikakhulukazi abantu kubantu, ngokungabi nabulungisa ukhohlwe noma ujwayelene kuphela ochwepheshe. Nakuba Gerasim Kurin hhayi phakathi alwa engaziwa abalwela inkululeko ezweni, futhi igama lakhe likhona zesikole, Biography eningiliziwe yabashokobezi edume nakanjani kuwe kubo bonke abanawe akakushalazeli umlando ezweni labo.

umsuka

Kurin Gerasim Matveevich wazalelwa edolobhaneni Pavlovo Vohonskoy Parish, eduze eMoscow, e 1777. Uyise nonina, futhi ngenxa yalokho, akazange abe serfs. Iqiniso lokuthi kaPawulu ngaphansi Ivan le Kubi laba impahla yabantwana zintathu-uSergiyu Monastery, futhi ngemva inkolo kwamazwe isonto, aphethwe uCatherine II, wayiswa isigaba isimo. Ngakho, Gerasim Kurin kwaba okuthiwa umlimi kwezomnotho. Abantu nale isimo kuyaqabukela wahlanganyela kwezolimo njengoba izwe main ingeyamakhosi kulendawo. Babenza imisebenzi babe yezandla, ukuhweba kanye nemisebenzi yezandla.

Biography Kurina Gerasima Matveevicha (kafushane) kuze 1812

Imininingwane ngalokho eziphathelene hero-engabandlululi ekuhlaselweni sikaNapoleon yeRussia, cishe akekho. Abacwaningi basikisela ukuthi wasebenza esitolo kayise, okuyinto cishe bayoba nokuthambekela okungafani imali enhle, futhi umndeni wakhe waba inhlonipho bakule ndawo.

Gerasim Matveyevich wayeshade Anne Savinoy, ngubani wayevela emkhayeni yomthengisi. Lo mbhangqwana oshadile nginezingane 2: Terence kanye no-Anton. Abafana ekuqaleni empini kwakukhona 13 eminyakeni eyi-8 ngokulandelana.

Isimo ezifundeni ezinabantu

Okufakiwe amabutho Napoleon BakaJehova eMoscow ekwindla ka 1812 akuzange kuholele yokubuyiswa Russia njengoba ayefisa lo mbusi French. Kunalokho, wonke amazwe matasa waqala amaqembu yabashokobezi angesabi ehleliwe, lapho ibutho lakhe waqala ukuzizwa ukushoda okukhulu ukudla. Lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu umyalo French ukuhlomisa amabutho bayatheza kuzo zonke izinhlangothi yenhloko-dolobha. Njengoba ngokuvamile basuke ehlaselwa, uNapoleon labelwe Marshal Ney 4000 amasosha elihamba nabamahhashi, kanye namabhethri eziningana wezikhali. French umkhuzi yakhe endlunkulu eyaziwa lempi ezithunyelwe Borovsk, lapho wayala imisebenzi ukudla futhi bavikele amayunithi abo. Omunye la maqembu, "abazingeli ukudla" got edolobhaneni uPawulu, lapho ayehlala khona Gerasim Kurin nomkhaya wakhe.

inhlangano lamabutho

Ngemva kokuzwa ukuthi la foragers French ku sisondela edolobhaneni, wahlela Iqembu labalimi 200 futhi aqala ukulwa. Ngokushesha baqala ukuya ujoyine abakhileyo emizaneni engomakhelwane, futhi isibalo abashokobezi lafinyelela abantu 5800, kuhlanganise nabagibeli 500. Isizathu esiyinhloko esibangela abantu ukuba bathathe izikhali, kwaba nokuziphatha okunonya French, ngubani, simthukuthelele okwathatha isikhathi eside kangako emkhankasweni wempi nokungondleki, ngokuvamile wahlanganyela ngokuphanga abavamile futhi kuphangwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Gerasim Kurin unesiphiwo lobuphocelelako kwaba igunya abantu bakulo muzi.

imisebenzi

Kusukela 23 Septhemba 2 Okthoba 1812 Kurin Gerasim neqembu lakhe izikhathi 7 nengxenye itholene phezulu namabutho amasosha French. Kwelinye izimpi zabantu bakhe bakwazile ukulwa esitimeleni ngezikhali, ashaqe izibhamu mayelana 200 nama-pistols, kanye 400 igobolondo izikhwama. Lokhu kwavumela abashokobezi isikhathi eside ukunikeza ngokwabo nezinhlamvu nokwenza forays kwakwakhiwa ngaphezulu ekamu wesitha.

Marshal Ney yathukuthela "abangaphucuzekile nakancane" ukuziphatha abalimi Russian futhi wathumela ukuze balwe gallinaceous 2 isigaba ka dragoons. Ngokusobala, French nakancane mayelana nenani abashokobezi, uma kungenjalo babengeke abutholakali iyunithi encane kangaka.

Umlawuli banquma ukuzama sixazulule inkinga ngokuthula futhi "ehlela phezu" kulelo ithunyelwa "babeyizidlova" ka kuthula - umbusi wangaphambili. Wazama ukukholisa abashokobezi bangagxambukeli foragers hambahamba imisebenzi yabo, ngokusobala okusho ukuthi ukuphanga abalimi.

Nakuba izingxoxo inkukhu ulungiselela kuhlasela. Okokuqala, wathumela bebheke Bogorodsk ongumlimi lamabutho abagibele amahhashi, elaliholwa esifunda ikhanda Yegor esihlalweni. Khona-ke Kurin isicelo ngobuqili, ushiya kakhulu "amabutho" yakhe ngesikhathi kuqothwa, nokwenza belwa French, nedazini abashokobezi ambalwa. Lapho impi yayingaphambi ngawo ugcwaliseka ngokugcwele, wabapha ukuze ashona, ukudonsa dragoons, odakwe ibhece phezu Russian a ongumlimi. Wethuka ephonseka amaqhawe French sebephila, njengoba nabagibeli efika Stulova. Ngenxa ukulwa kwaphulwa squadrons ezimbili isiFulentshi, futhi ingxenye dragoons lathunjwa.

imisebenzi kwakamuva

Ethukuthele eveva Ney yathuma amabutho njalo emelene abashokobezi. Lapho ufunda ngokuhlasela amakholomu isiFulentshi, inkukhu yanquma ukunikeza laba kuqubuka ndawo yakubo. Itholakala kwi ongumlimi imizi ngobuningi amabutho azo, eliholwa yena. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Gerasim Matveyevich Stulova wathumela zamahhashi ukuba aqamekele eduze nedolobhana Melenki elise eceleni komgwaqo Pavlovsky - Borovsk, inqolobane elitholakala ngemva komfula Yudinskom udonga, emnike umyalo Ivan Pushkin.

Lapho French wafika kuPawulu, bheka, kwakungekho muntu emehlweni. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhashana beza kuye a deputation, ehlanganisa amadoda anamandla. Ayenze ukuxoxisana yezempi, futhi lokho ngalesi sikhathi wacela ngesizotha abalimi ukuzidayisa ukudla, ngemva kokuvumela ukuzohlola ishede. La madoda avumelana ukubamba foragers abangekho ngisho bazi ukuthi ummeleli portly kakhulu futhi umlamuli - ngokwaso Kurin.

Ufanele isizathu esikhethekile sokuba kukhulunywe

kuphangwa eziningana ngempumelelo kwenziwa abashokobezi eqiniseka kakhudlwana amakhono abo, futhi banquma ukuhlasela Bogorodsk matasa kuwo. Nokho, ngesikhathi Ney ayesezitholile kakade oda ukubuyela eMoscow. Kurin Gerasim neqembu lakhe aphuthelwe ngomzimba wakhe amahora ambalwa futhi waqhubeka yokuvikela idolobhana lakubo futhi ezizungezile kusuka abaphangi French.

nomvuzo

Izenzo umlawuli ukweseka abashokobezi yakhe yaqashelwa ngomyalo Russian. Abaholi abaningi lempi bamangala ukuthi umfuyi ngaphandle umqondo lamasu kanye nemithetho kokuzibandakanya yasebenza kahle kangangokuba ukuba abalekele futhi wabhubhisa amabutho njalo yebutho isiFulentshi, kuyilapho iyunithi yakhe ibithwele ukulahlekelwa omncane.

Ngo-1813 Kurin Gerasim Matveevich (1777-1850) waklonyeliswa George Cross 1 igumbi. Le oda ngokukhethekile umisele ezinhlwini aphansi nezakhamuzi, futhi obekumele ukugqoka tape omnyama orange. Nakuba izincwadi ngokuvamile ibonisa ukuthi Gerasim Kurin futhi wathola isihloko isakhamuzi zokuhlonipha, lolu lwazi kungenzeka ingalingani, njengoba yisakhamuzi ohloniphekile elinikwe ukuba abameleli besigaba ongumlimi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yafakazela kuphela 1832. Ngakho, uma sicabangela imvelaphi yabo, Gerasim Matveyevich wayengeke abe isihloko, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ke hola ngempela.

Ngo sokuthula,

Lapho sebuphelele neMpi Patriotic ka 1812 unyaka Gerasim Kurin babuyiselwa ekuphileni kwakhe okuvamile. Nokho, izakhamuzi kanye nezakhamuzi emaphandleni aseduze akazange azikhohlwe zobuqhawe bakhe, futhi kwaba igunya labo okungahloliwe ezindabeni eziningi.

It is eyaziwa ukuthi ngo-1844 waba nengxenye njengoba esikhethekile ngesikhathi kuvulwa Pavlovsky Posad - edolobheni, ezakhiwe nokuhlanganiswa Pavlov nasemizaneni 4 ezizungezile.

Washona iqhawe 1850 eneminyaka engu-iminyaka engu-73. Wembelwa emathuneni of Pavlovsk.

Manje uyazi ukuthi Gerasim Matveevich Kurin - abashokobezi owahlela squad sakhe siqu ngokungcweliswa 1812 wasivikela ngempumelelo idolobhana lakubo futhi ezizungezile kusukela umsebenzi French. Igama lakhe belingana amagama amaqhawe esizwe afana Vasilisa Kozhin Amalotha Shubin, Ermolai Chetvertakov, ukufakazisa ukuthi ehoreni zokuhlola izwe abantu Russian sihlangana futhi azihlele, sandla ukunqoba isitha.