Umlando izicathulo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo kuze kube namuhla

Umlando izicathulo has eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingu-30. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, kwashintsha izitayela eziningi onobuhle, kodwa namanje uhlala isihloko kudingekile kakhulu futhi ebalulekile izingubo.

Shoes Endulo

Ekuphetheni ososayensi abaye bahlola nokuhlaziwa sathola izinsalela zabantu bakudala, isakhiwo amathambo abo namathambo umlenze, amasampula lokuqala izicathulo endala Yavela ngasekupheleni Paleolithic engxenyeni esentshonalanga ye-Europe. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi waqala izinguquko isakhiwo unyawo abantu basendulo: umunwe kancane waqala wehlise nge ukuma jikelele unyawo, okwakumele ugqoke izicathulo ezihambisanayo.

Umlando izicathulo ukubeka kwenzekeni kule nkathi, futhi esekelwe snap lokuqala nemakhata yamandulo bazivikele amakhaza, abantu baqala ukugqoka izikhumba zezilwane, futhi imilenze emazombezombe izicucu zesikhumba. Ukuze ukwahlukanisa ungqimba ibekwe phakathi isikhumba imbiza ezomile kusetshenziswa njengoba anchorages Bast ngokhuni amagxolo.

Indaba le izicathulo emazweni ibavuthela, ezifana Ancient Egypt, lihlotshaniswa ukuvela ngezimbadada abantu babegqoka ukuvikela izinyawo esihlabathini hot, futhi egumbini babehlale waya engafaké zicathulo. Wayegqoka nezimbadada ukuze ithungwe kusukela papyrus noma amahlamvu esundu, uboshelwe unyawo isikhumba ukuwuthukulula. Ngo zabo amaphethini womshini ukusetshenziswa eyayizozuzisa imilenze yomibili okufanayo. AbaseGibithe abanemali babegqoka izimbadada nge ezizibeni ezihlotshiswe kahle. Olunye uhlobo ethandwa eGibhithe izicathulo lasendulo atholakala kweyesi kumbiwa nemizana, ifana ncamashí Slippers esine uzwane avaliwe.

Shoes in Ancient Greece

Bekubukeka sengathi izicathulo eGrisi lasendulo kungaba liyokwahlulelwa yasezindongeni zonkulunkulu ngesiGreki: base izimbadada "krepidy", okuyinto unamathele lacing umlenze cishe kwamadolo. Ngokusho umlando, kwaba okokuqala amaGreki waqala thunga izicathulo amaphetheni ziyalingana ngakwesokudla nasemilenzeni kwesokunxele.

Ngaphandle izimbadada, phakathi kwabesifazane ngesiGreki yayithandwa "endromidy" - amabhuzu aphakeme, ethole iyodwa futhi ithungwe kuya lesikhumba uppers kuye ukuthi overtighten eside lace phambi, nge izinzwane livela ngaphandle. imfashini trendsetter babe Thais, okwakuwukuphela kwezidalwa izicathulo enkulu kakhulu futhi ngokucebile ahlotshiswa. izimbadada zabesifazane, abasele kulo mbhalo esihlabathini "Ngilandele" babe udumile nje at courtesans, futhi lavuselelwa omkhulu "persikai" (amabhuzu, amasokisi amade).

Olunye uhlobo izicathulo - "buskins" on a yesikhulumi okusezingeni eliphezulu - isibe sibonga zaziwe umlingisi ngesiGreki obani ababefaka kuwo ngesikhathi ukusebenza, ukuze babonakale kulo emphakathini.

Shoes eRoma Lasendulo

Shoes yaseRoma lasendulo wabe isimo yomphakathi nocansi:

• calceus - valiwe izicathulo ne izintambo zezicathulo phambi egqoka kuphela plebeians;
• solea - izimbadada nge ezizibeni, efana esiGrekini, amaRoma nabampofu babengathola kuphela usebenzise eyodwa wayibhinca, kanye patricians ocebile - 4;
• Abesifazane babegqoka izicathulo kuphela ezimhlophe, amadoda - omnyama;
• izicathulo Festive babe bomvu, futhi wabavuza ngokucebile ukuhlotshiswa ngendwangu efekethisiwe namatshe;
• izicathulo lempi amasosha amaRoma egqoka, - izicathulo eziqinile, ogama ematheni ayekade abethelwe, ngokuthi caligae;
• abadlali ukugqoka Slippers kuphela socci ocingweni.

Ziningi Israyeli edumile wasendulo, lapho le izicathulo abangu ithungwe izinga eliphezulu kakhulu, besebenzisa uvolo, isikhumba, ukhuni nomhlanga. Lawa kwakungamadodana izicathulo nazimbadada, Slippers kanye amabhuzu. Enhlabathini kwakukhona drevneizrailskoy nezicathulo nge High Heels imifanekiso okukhethekile okuyinto banamathela izithende amabhodlela enhle perfume.

izicathulo umSkithe

Umlando izicathulo abantu umSkithe ababe amadlozi esempumalanga lwamaSlav, ibonisa ukuthi athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabo wajabulela okusezingeni eliphezulu soft lesikhumba amabhuzu ukuthi overtighten amabhande njengoba imihlobiso esetshenziswa imihlobiso emibalabala eyenziwe zidwedwe. Bona Sasifaka amabhuzu phezu Stocking wawungathi. Iziqongo amabhuzu abangu ithungwe KaMose izingcezu obuyimvukumvuku, wawungathi ezinemibala lesikhumba. Pants esakhiwe ku amabhuzu ngokukhethekile ukubonisa ubuhle kuba izicathulo.

Shoes abantu umSkithe ayefana ngokubukeka emabhuzwini ukugqokwa kwabantu basenyakatho eRussia. amabhuzu zabesifazane babengenalo okusezingeni eliphezulu, kodwa eyenziwe abomvu isikhumba, basuke ehlotshiswe amaphethini, eslphambanweni ikhanda futhi kushaft ithungwe obomvu yoboya band lesikhumba appliqué.

Isici sokuqala iningi izicathulo umSkithe - ematheni ezihlotshisiwe emabhuzwini, umsebenzi womfekethisi ubuhlalu, ezinemibala ngentambo ye umsipha. A mkhuba efanayo yayikhona umhlobiso okuwukuphela kwaso esisetshenziswayo Asian asemaqeleni izizwe ayenomkhuba ehlezi lemilenze sawela, nokubamba isithende kwangaphandle.

Shoes eYurophu Medieval

European izicathulo umlando imakwe fashion Ephakathi ku tufli- "CRAKOW" benamakhala sokutakula ukuthi zazizinde kangako ngakho ngokucebile ehlotshiswe izinsimbi ukuthi kwakumelwe uboshelwe umlenze, bakwazi ukuhamba ngendlela evamile. izicathulo enjalo e ekhulwini le-14, abameleli imikhaya yizicukuthwane Bekulindeleke ukugqoka ngomthetho weNkosi waseFrance Philip 4th.

Ngekhulu le-15 waletha fashion entsha izicathulo: bezicathulo uqale thunga imodeli blunt kuphela, futhi ukwanda ukwanda imiphini evuthayo yomnsalo, ngemuva sesiwumngcingo. Kakade ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16. izicathulo kufanele kuboshelwe imilenze ezingeni zokululama. Ngalesi sikhathi kukhona High Heels, zalungisa isikhumba, kanye, ngenxa ugqozi ukuzingela, emabhuzwini fashion eziqongweni eliphezulu kakhulu - "amabhuzu" ukuthi zazikhululeka lapho kuhanjwa ngamahhashi.

Fashion izicathulo ngekhulu le-16 kwaba owesilisa: kungenxa amadoda owayenganikela ukubukisa izicathulo ezintsha ebomvu izithende, futhi abesifazane wafihla izicathulo zabo ngaphansi iziketi Fluffy, futhi abazange baphinde babonwe.

Kuyinto kuphela kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17., Lapho kuba iziketi imfashini emifushane, abesifazane baye bakwazi ukukhombisa abalandeli bakhe kasilika ngomusa, brocade futhi velvet izicathulo ne izithende ezincane. izintokazi Rich egqoka izicathulo, ngokucebile efekethisiwe luhlotshiswe amatshe.

Baroque futhi Rococo kuphawulwa zezimbali ballroom izicathulo zikanokusho, ngokucebile ehlotshiswe neminsalo, ubuhlalu, kuze kudabuke umhlane. Leyo mikhumbi ngokwawo enziwa izindwangu ezibizayo futhi isikhumba anemibala namaphunga ahlukahlukene (obomvu, ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njll). Ukuze ahlobise jackboot madoda futhi kube lula ugibele kubo sangaleso wanezela.

Ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18, i-Enlightment senzeka Indwangu izicathulo zama-practical lesikhumba amabhuzu ukuthi zazigaxwa ngenjabulo, kwabesifazane nabesilisa. Izicathulo kwadingeka buckles noma izintambo zezicathulo, a isithende encane, ingilazi, ehlotshiswe onobuhle noboya ebusika.

izicathulo lokhuni

Ezikhathini zasendulo, ukhuni njengoba material for yokukhiqiza of izicathulo esetshenziswa akuvamile ngoba lalibhekwa ngempela luhlaza lokho futhi ugibe. Okuwukuphela ukukhiqizwa ematheni for izicathulo, okuyinto eRoma yasendulo kwakuxhumene izingcezu umlenze lendwangu abagqoké iziboshwa imilenze, ngakho musa ukubaleka.

EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani e 16-18 eminyaka vogue lokhuni "clog" (noma izicathulo) ne ematheni obukhulu, okuyinto nasezinsikeni umlenze ayindilinga metal. abesifazane acebile egqoka kwabo, ukuze singathwesi uthole odakeni ezingcolile ezitaladini. Abalimi abampofu ngokuhamba babe ngigqoke ne phansi lokhuni bese isikhumba engenhla, owawungumnyaka elula ukuya ezintabeni.

Clog ezidume kakhulu futhi galoshes athengwe ku-Netherlands futhi enyakatho yeFrance ngenxa yezikhwepha kanye Izinsiza e isichathule ungakwazi ukuhamba ezindaweni ixhaphozi ngaphandle ingozi izinyawo ezimanzi. Ikhishwa ngokhuni yayo, okungadingi crack :. Poplar, willow, njll 1570 inhlangano ka bezicathulo, onguchwepheshe womshini clog yadalwa, izicathulo lokhuni namanje ukugqoka abanye abalimi Dutch ngesikhathi umsebenzi ensimini.

izicathulo Ngokhuni futhi kamuva kwaduma eNgilandi, lapho bebehlala khona: ukugqokwa abalimi njengoba izicathulo ezikhululekile, okuyinto ngamaholide indawo lesikhumba amabhuzu.

Izicathulo ngoba amasosha

amabutho amaRoma aqala ukusebenzisa izimbadada njengoba nezicathulo ngenxa yokuthi kwakudingeka bahambe khona amabanga amade bekhwela anolaka. izimbadada Military kwaqina nakakhulu ezizibeni, izinzipho. Kamuva baqala ukusebenzisa izicathulo ukuthi stringing kanye phezulu tibia, futhi izakhi okuhlobisa kungenziwa ekilasini kanye isikhundla sesosha kunqunywa.

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, amasosha Sasifaka amabhuzu, ngokuvamile obomvu, ngoba ngamgcina igazi ngesikhathi impi noma amabhamuza olunegazi ngemva kokuzivivinya. Kamuva, lapho umuntu eba iyunifomu, amabhuzu lempi eseqala ukuveza abamnyama. EYurophu lehla ngokushesha inani amabhuzu kwaduma ngemva kokuhlasela amabutho asemaqeleni ngenkathi yokufuduka abantu, baba bawuthwala hhayi kuphela abakhwele amahhashi, kodwa Abanikazi bamapulazi.

NgeNkathi Ephakathi, lapho Knights izingubo lalinabashumayeli zempi metal, futhi wenza metal futhi amasokisi knightly izicathulo (sabatons). Acute uzwane ipuleti at ebhuthini enjalo yayisetshenziswa njengendawo ithuluzi ezengeziwe zokuba leli sosha: bona kungabulala hit isitha. kamuva Sabatons waqala ukwenza uzwane round, babizwa ngokuthi "duck izinyawo".

Ekhulwini le-19, ibutho waseBrithani waqala thunga ngoba amabutho abo amabhuzu aphakeme, ethole lacing, owayaziwa 'blyuhersami ". Ngokusho yetinsita lezi amabhuzu ukugqokwa amabutho Army Blucher ngesikhathi kaNapoleon Izimpi. Bona waphila njengesidalwa nezicathulo lempi iminyaka eminingi.

Ekhulwini lama-20. phakathi neMpi Yezwe II uthi European ayenendawo ibutho "emseleni izicathulo" ku ematheni kwangenza yesikhumba obukhulu. Kusukela 1941, iButho Lempi Lase isebenzisa lesikhumba izicathulo ne izintambo zezicathulo kwi zokwenziwa ematheni.

Izicathulo eRussia

Umlando nezicathulo e Rus lasendulo 'iqala abalimi ezivamile, bakhathale hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi abampofu ezisemadolobheni - izimbadada ke sika. nezicathulo okunjalo sekuneminyaka kuphela eRussia, impahla ekukhiqizeni yayo wakhonza amagxolo birch (Linden, willow, oki, njll). Ngoba kufike umuntu mumbe pair of Bast izicathulo kwadingeka ukuhlubula emthini 3-4.

Kube Bast Bast kwansuku futhi zemikhosi, ngaphezulu nenhle: pink noma obomvu. Ukuze zihlale zifudumele e izimbadada ebusika Stela utshani phansi okucindezelayo intambo ezenziwe Hemp. Ngu umlenze yabo abethela Equi (ezizibeni emincane lesikhumba) noma mochentsami (Hemp izindophi). Omunye pair of ongumlimi Bast ngokwanele izinsuku 4-10, kodwa babengesibo ezishibhile.

Imibhalo emidala kunayo yonke-Russian-lesikhumba izicathulo - pistons, izicathulo esithambile wonke ucezu lesikhumba uyabuthwa onqenqemeni ku wayibhinca. Adume kakhulu eRussia ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, sathola umshini amabhuzu, eyayibonakala bathunga okufanayo kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Isikhumba amabhuzu uvele Russia ngenxa zithi zezizwe ayimizulane Asian. Babedalelwene isikhumba shoemaking enza bani ngokuzimela okulungiselelwe kanye rawhide. Ematheni zazenziwe izingqimba eziningana cowhide kuwo, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, waqala ukwenza izithende.

Iqakala amabhuzu cut lasendulo obliquely ukuze phambi ingxenye lalilide kulabo ezingemuva. Zivame eyenziwe black lesikhumba namaholide Morocco amabhuzu zazenziwe obomvu, oluhlaza, isikhumba okwesibhakabhaka, staining ngayo sigqoka. Lezi amabhuzu enziwa Russia, lokuqala tibilini, bese kusukela maphakathi nekhulu le-17., Morocco steel ekwenziweni isitshalo eMoscow Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich.

Morocco amabhuzu zazenziwe lesikhumba yembuzi, okuyinto ngokukhethekile ofakwe amasonto ama-2 e nosimende bese luze ngokucophelela itshe ukuze uthole indawo shiny. Ingcoliswe aniline udayi ngokuvamile isikhumba okwengeziwe wanika iphethini ekhethekile (sharkskin).

Ekhulwini le-19. kwakukhona bomdabu Russian wawungathi indwangu yokuthunga amabhuzu: amabhuzu nama-rod, okuyinto zenziwa yoboya. intengo zabo yayiphezulu ngenxa yokuba yinkimbinkimbi ukukhiqiza, ngakho ngokuvamile emkhayeni kwadingeka eyodwa pair of amabhuzu, okuyinto abagqoké ithuba.

Ekhulwini lama-20. zoboya waseRussia abangu ngelika "ihamba" ngenxa yokuthi basebenza edolobheni (izitolo izicathulo yayiseKhesariya Marina Roshcha), futhi wasebenza njengoba impisi oyedwa.

19-20 leminyaka ukuvela embonini izicathulo

Eyokuqala inhlangano nesicathulo izitolo uvele Europe ngenkathi feudalism, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi zaqala ukwenza izicathulo babe amaqoqwana elincane oda. Endaweni kuqala umsebenzi wabo ngaphandle izinga nokubukeka imikhiqizo.

Esikhathini Renaissance, phathelana manufactory based, lapho izicathulo usuqalile ukwenza ngezigaba, kodwa pair ngamunye kusenziwa kwenziwa oda ngalinye. Kwaba ekhulwini le-19. ukufaka esikhundleni izicathulo velvet ukuza esisebenzayo xaxa futhi zikhululekile lesikhumba izicathulo kanye amabhuzu.

Kule minyaka engu-, ekukhiqizweni izicathulo iqala ukucushwa kwe ngezinyawo, futhi ihlukanisa pair of asymmetry kwesokunxele kwesokudla. Izicathulo umkhakha isiba ngomshini ngaphezulu, kukhona izicathulo kwemboni, lapho umsebenzi wezandla esikhundleni imishini. Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. womshini imikhiqizo nezicathulo ikhula ngazimbili 500 isisebenzi ngasinye, futhi phakathi nawo - ukuba ngazimbili ayizinkulungwane 3 ..

Ekhulwini lama-20 izicathulo waqala ukudlala indima ebalulekile ukudalwa ngomfanekiso zesifazane: ngenxa ukuncipha kwe iziketi abesifazane bakwazi ukukhombisa imilenze yabo enhle nezicathulo zikanokusho noma amabhuzu, futhi udumile zesifazane nezimbadada. Kuye sezulu kanye ukuphela egqoka izicathulo eyenziwe lesikhumba, satin, Sweden noma usilika, nezicathulo baye bafunda ukwenze lace hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi nokusetshenziswa izingwegwe nezinkinobho.

Ngendlela izicathulo 1930 saqala ukushintsha: kukhona ezisekelweni kanye wedgies. Ngalesi sikhathi, uma usaqala Abaklami S. Ferragamo S. nabase-Aripadi, ababa efanele wahlanganyela womshini onobuhle eziphambili bese beveza izitayela ezintsha. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, izicathulo kanye amabhuzu ayaqala ukuba wenze hhayi kuphela isikhumba, futhi wasebenzisa lendwangu ukhuni, iraba womshini "bot".

Ukuqala 1950 imakwe ukubukeka izinto ezintsha - (. Rock and Roll et al) encane isithende-hairpin nezitayela ngaphandle izithende senzelwe lula phakathi bedansa. Mina namanje bengayeki mpikiswano ngokuthi ubani owayemkhulu sikakhokho of izikhonkwane: French Robert Vivier, R. Massaro noma Italian
S. Ferragamo.

Shoe ifektri isigamu kwekhulu lama-20 yesibili ziye ukusebenza ngamandla amangalisayo, lapho inqubo kuyazenzakela futhi ilawulwa isofthiwe. Bakha izinkulungwane ngazimbili fashion izicathulo njalo ngenyanga, okungukuthi, kokubili izinto zemvelo futhi zokwenziwa.

Fashion izicathulo ekhulwini lama-21

Ekhulwini lama-21 - isikhathi okuqhubekayo ngcono izicathulo (njalo yasungulwa futhi akhiwe pads entsha, izitayela, futhi insoles), kanye nezinguquko kule izinhlobo ukudayiswa yayo. Shoes manje uthenge njengoba Boutique encane, esitolo esikhulu, futhi nge-Internet.

Iqoqo we izindlela zakamuva ivezwa phezu yesikhulumi e yonke isizini inqwaba amazwe kanye umklami owaziwayo, lapho kukhona ihlobo nobusika, futhi demi nakusihlwa izicathulo. izicathulo Modern - lokhu ezihlukahlukene izitayela kanye tinkhulumo, okuyinto bebelokhu ethandwa futhi eziningi emakhulwini eminyaka edlule, futhi lesiRotuma: izimbadada ke, futhi amabhuzu, izicathulo, loafers, izicathulo, amabhuzu, izicathulo kanye nezinye izinhlobo eziningi ezihlukahlukene. Abaklami Modern futhi abakhiqizi anemisila ubuchwepheshe bamuva, Ungakwazi ukuhumusha kalula imibono yabo ibe yinto engokoqobo.