Ethandwa kakhulu ohlelweni inombolo

uhlelo inombolo - lokhu kuyindlela ekhethekile lokubhala izinombolo usebenzisa isethi othize izinombolo - izinhlamvu ezikhethekile. Lokhu iqoqo izinombolo uhlobo zamagama, lapho umuntu angafunda inombolo eqoshiwe.

Ngo inqubo ukuthuthukiswa impucuko iphutha izinhlelo eziningi lokubhala izinombolo. Okokuqala kwaba lezi ziyingi bakudala, tindvuku noma izingwegwe, ogama inombolo ilingana nenani lezinto abalwa. Njengoba izinombolo wayengakhuluma kanye izinhlamvu zamagama, ngisho izinhlamvu zenkulumo. Ekugcineni, wonke esidlule kanye zamanje inombolo uhlelo kungenziwa zihlukaniswe amaqembu amathathu: uhlelo positional nonpositional futhi edidayo.

Ngo nepozitsionnyh izinhlelo isisindo nokubaluleka izibalo akuzona encike ngqo kwi incumbents kulezo izikhundla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo labeka imingcele ethile ku-oda izinombolo, indawo yabo zehla oda ukwehla. Ngokwesibonelo, netinombolo adumile aseRoma - ke nepozitsionnyh uhlelo inombolo.

Uma izibalo uhlelo ngqo isisindo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi indawo ukulandelana, okuyinto inombolo eqoshiwe, uhlelo ubhekwa positional. Ngokwesibonelo, isibalo 888 kulotshiwe netinombolo olufanayo, kodwa abe ehlukene value kwamanani kuncike matasa isikhala 8 zamakhulu, amashumi 8, amayunithi 8.

Noma yiluphi uhlelo positional libhekene isisekelo sayo. Ngo base emseleni uhlelo - inombolo izimpawu ezahlukene noma izimpawu, ezisetshenziswa ukurekhoda izinombolo uhlelo unikezwa. Njengoba base bangase benze iyiphi integers omuhle. Ngakho, kungenzeka ukwakha i isibalo esingapheliyo ezahlukene positioning system. Manje kabanzi wasebenzisa idesimali uhlelo, kanambambili, octal futhi hexadecimal. Asixoxe ngokuningiliziwe.

uhlelo imethrikhi

Weza-Europe kusukela e-Indiya, lapho kwakungekho kwesikhathi 6 th ekhulwini BC Uhlelo isebenzisa izinombolo ezingu-10 - kusukela zero kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye. Lapho lolu lwazi Kwenziwa hhayi kuphela inombolo kodwa futhi indawo lapho injena.

inombolo 10 kanye nobungako yayo kubalulekile ikakhulukazi uhlelo ledesimali. sibalo Kugcine engxenyeni kwesokudla imele inombolo amayunithi, kulandele inani amashumi, amakhulu, izinkulungwane, njll

Isizathu ukuthandwa nekwenteka emhlabeni uhlelo idesimali wukuthi idivayisi lokuqala ukubalwa umuntu ezandleni zakhe. Isibalo iminwe futhi Waba isiqalo wokusebenza wokubala uhlelo.

kanambambili

Lolu hlelo isebenzisa izinombolo ezimbili - owodwa futhi zero. Uhlelo yakhelwe eziningi ezimbili futhi amandla ayo. Idijithi ezingakwesokudla kubonisa isibalo amayunithi uyalilandela - ngababili ke - okuhamba ngezine, eights, njll

Nge uhlelo elula kanambambili iyiphi inombolo zemvelo singatlolwa bunjesi ekulandelaneni amaqanda futhi abathandekayo. Nokho, notation kanambambili kungenziwa okubhalwe hhayi kuphela inombolo, kodwa futhi izithombe, amafilimu, imibhalo, izinto eziqoshiwe. Ngokomthetho, esephepheni kanambambili luyasetshenziswa sasivumela kalula, ngakho-ke sisetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wezinto zobuchwepheshe.

octal

Kulesi enamadijithi uhlelo izinombolo - zero kuya kweziyisikhombisa. Esikhathini inombolo ephansi 1 lisho iyunithi osenyameni - kanye ohlelweni ledesimali. Kodwa ezinsukwini ezizayo osenyameni iyunithi kusho 8 ke - 64 njalonjalo. Inombolo 100 ebhaliwe ikhodi octal ifundwa njengoba idesimali 64.

Ukuguqula inombolo ye-octal 611 kusistimu kanambambili, kubalulekile ukuba esikhundleni idijithi izinombolo kanambambili elihambisana triad ngamunye. Ukuhumusha reverse of the kanambambili inombolo system e-octal kudingekile ukwaba therein triad kwesokudla kuya kwesokunxele, bese esikhundleni zonke amadijithi amathathu elihambisana idijithi kohlelo octal.

Uhlelo i-hexadecimal

Inombolo abhalwe octal, kakade ubukeka ngempela ezihlangene. Kodwa uhlelo i-hexadecimal ikuvumela ukuba alobe compact nakakhulu. Kusukela ngomhlaka 1 ku idijithi 10 kulesi simiso isebenzisa ukulandelana evamile - kusuka zero kuya eziyisishiyagalolunye, kodwa njengoba amadijithi eziyisithupha elilandelayo (11 kuya ku-16) wasebenzisa izinhlamvu zokuqala eziyisithupha zamagama Latin.

Njengasekhulwini izinhlelo odlule, omunye inani ku LSB lisho iyunithi. Esikhathini kulandela ukudedelwa, sikhule size sibe 16 (kusukela uhlelo idesimali), ngisho lokhu okulandelayo - 256 (ohlelweni idesimali). Uma lesi sibalo F yisithiyo LSB, imelela inani ledesimali 1.

Phambili nokudluliselwa Ngemuva kwale kuya kanambambili inombolo uhlelo senziwa ngendlela efanayo nokudluliswa ngenhla ohlelweni octal.