Tomb of the Soldier elingaziwa. Tomb of the Soldier engaziwa - isithombe

Tomb of the Soldier engaziwa - i yezakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi yesikhumbuzo e Moscow, eduze ezibiyele, kwi-Alexander Garden. Maphakathi iminyaka 34 evutha ilangabi okuphakade. Abantu beze lesikhumbuzo ukuze ahloniphe fighter abanikela ukuphila kwabo ngenxa wobaba yabo.

incazelo

Itshe lethuna lihlotshiswe laqanjwa zethusi: igatsha umfire nezigqoko lesosha, yahlala banner wenkazimulo lempi. Maphakathi ukwakheka yezakhiwo kuyinto lekhethelo labradorite, okuyinto aqoshiwe mazwi: "Igama lakho ayaziwa, ngesenzo sakho awufi." Ngo phakathi niche kuyinto zethusi inkanyezi ezinhlanu enamaphoyinti, elivutha ilangabi okuphakade wenkazimulo lempi.

Ukuze kwesokunxele ukungcwaba udonga eyenziwe quartzite nge ebhalwe la mazwi: "Ngo-1941, baye bawakholelwa lenkaba ngo-1945". Ngakwesokudla ethuneni kuyinto yezinyawo egwadle amabhlogo purple amnyama abomvu. Ngamunye wabo ebonisa ngendondo "Gold Star" futhi liqoshwe igama edolobheni-iqhawe Kiev, eLeningrad, Odessa, kwaseStalingrad, Minsk, Sevastopol, Smolensk, Murmansk, Tula, Brest, Novorossiisk, Kerch. Ngo amabhlogo egcinwe amaphilisi emhlabeni kuthathwe yalezi izinto.
Ohlangothini kwesokudla umhubhe kuyinto lesikhumbuzo egwadle obomvu umbala, okuyinto immortalized amagama amane emizini enkazimulweni lempi.

Umqondo yokudala

Ngo-1966, Muscovites uzilungiselele nge solemnity akhethekile okukhulunywa amabili nanhlanu ukuzivikela lomuzi wakhe. Iposi uNobhala lokuqala Yedolobha YaseMoscow Committee Party ngaleso sikhathi labetibambile Egorychev Nikolay Grigorevich. Le ndoda yayihlale omunye bezinguquko ka amaKhomanisi, ngubani wadlala indima enkulu esimweni ezombusazwe.

Usuku olugujwa minyaka yonke we Ukunqoba e ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe nge ukuziphakamisa konke okusemandleni beqala ukujabula kusukela ngo-1965, ngemva eMoscow yaba umuzi-iqhawe, futhi Meyi 9 wenza iholide zemikhosi. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umbono ukumisa isikhumbuzo amasosha abavamile abalahlekelwa ukuphila kwabo ekumeleleni enhlokodolobha. Egorychev unqume ukwenza lokhu kwamiswa itshe lesikhumbuzo lonke. Ngo-1966, uNikolai Grigorievich ngokuthi Kosygin, u-Alexei Nikolayevich wathi ukuthi ePoland kukhona ethuneni we Soldier elingaziwa, wanikela ukubeka isikhumbuzo eMoscow. Egorychev waphendula ngokuthi nje kokucabangela le phrojekthi. Ngokushesha imidwebo yesikhumbuzo ezaboniswa ngowokuqala abaholi bezwe - Mikhail Andreyevich Suslov futhi Leonidu Ilichu Brezhnevu.

Ukukhetha indawo

Tomb of the Soldier engaziwa - isikhumbuzo, eduze inhliziyo wonke umuntu. Ukukhethwa kwesigaba lapho itholakala, enamathiselwe ukubaluleka ezehlukile. Yena egorychev ngokushesha wanikela ukusungula yisikhumbuzo kwi-Alexander Gardens, ngesikhathi udonga Kremlin. Kukhona nje wathola endaweni efanele. Nokho, lo mbono akakuthandanga uBrezhnev. Inkinga enkulu kwakuwukuthi kule ndawo kukhona Obelisk, wadala yokudumisa tercentenary we Romanov lwamakhosi ngo-1913. Ngemva 1917 Icebo lika amagama abantu yasebukhosini yayigcinwa kusulwe kusukela esisekelweni, futhi esikhundleni sabo, ukusula igama abaholi wamavukelambuso. Uhlu Titans revolution ungumuntu Vladimirom Ilichom Leninym. Ngo-USSR, zonke elalihambisana ne lowo muntu, akuvumelekile ngayo uma icindezelwa. Nokho Egorychev ukuphila kwakhe engozini futhi banquma ukuthuthela Obelisk kancane ecaleni ngaphandle kwemvume eliphakeme. Nicholas G. wayeqiniseka ukuthi isinqumo namanje ongawamukeli, futhi le ngxoxo izobanjezelwa iminyaka eminingi. Ndawonye elekhanda ibhodi eyinhloko-dolobha, lathumela Fominym Gennadiem, bathuthela Obelisk, kodwa ngakho ngobuqili ukuthi akekho oqaphelile. Nokho, ukuze uqale ukwakha Amanye asebenza embulungeni yonke, kwakudingeka imvume Politburo, okuyinto Egorychev wathola lula.

Ukucinga izinsalela

Tomb of the Soldier Engaziwa eMoscow kwakusho fighter owafa ngenxa yezwe lakubo. Khona-ke Zelenograd kwenziwa ukwakhiwa emikhulu, lapho kwatholakala ethuneni elilodwa elikhulu equkethe izinsalela amasosha. Nokho, Politburo wayenemibuzo eminingi esiyinkinga. Ezikabani umlotha wangcwatshwa? Noma mhlawumbe kuzoba izinsalela uyimbuka German noma badutshulwe? Manje omunye nomunye wethu uyaqonda ukuthi wonke umuntu ufanelwe lomthandazo futhi inkumbulo, kodwa ngo-1965, wayecabanga ngenye indlela. Ngakho-ke, zonke izimo ngokufa amasosha ngaphansi kokuhlolisisa. Wakhetha izidumbu zabo ezitholwe yesosha, okuyinto ngasinda iyunifomu yamasosha (babegqoka ingenamahluleli timphawu). Njengoba kamuva wachaza Egorychev belimele futhi waba yisiboshwa ngu isisulu alikwazanga ngoba amaJalimane akazange afinyelele Zelenograd, uyimbuka hhayi ongaziwa - ngaphambi kokuthi azidubule nabo shot ibhande. Kwakusobala ukuthi umzimba ingeyamakhosi indoda Soviet, owafa heroically empini ukuvikela eMoscow. Uma ayitholakalanga noma yimaphi amadokhumenti, umlotha walo akanalo ngempela.

yokungcwaba

Military bahlakulele isiko lokungcwatshwa zemikhosi leli sosha engaziwa. NgoLwesine kutholakale isidumbu sendoda leli sosha wayiswa eMoscow, Zelenograd phezu kwekalishi isibhamu. Ngo-1966, 6 Disemba, ekuseni Gorky Street welulela izinkulungwane zabantu. Bakhala ngokuthi odwendweni bamasha by. nomngcwabo ifinyelele Manege Square athule lusizi. I last ambalwa kwamamitha lomngcwabo abathwele lamalungu aholayo the party, ezifana Marshal Rokossovsky. Evgeniyu Konstantinovichu Zhukovu awuzange ungivumele ukuba baphathe izinsalela, njengoba lalinjalo ihlazo. Tomb of the Soldier elingaziwa, isithombe ongawabona kulesi sihloko, isibe indawo yisakhiwo sodumo ukuvakashela esasifuna ngamunye.

ilangabi okuphakade

Meyi 7, 1967 eLeningrad, ithoshi ukuthi ovuthayo kusukela Okuphakade Flame at Field Mars. Ngokwe-edluliselwe umlilo sathathwa enhlokodolobha. Kuthiwa yonke indlela esuka kude impela eLeningrad eMoscow laligcwele abantu. Ekuseni ngo-May 8 odwendweni yafinyelela enhloko-dolobha. Okokuqala ngesikhathi Manege Square Ithoshi wathatha umshayeli ziyaphawuleka, Hero kweSoviet Union, u-Aleksey Maresev. Ilondolozwe Kahle newsreels esiyingqayizivele, kulethe leli phuzu. Abantu eba yiqhwa ilindele umcimbi obalulekile - ukukhanyisa elangabi okuphakade.
Kuvulwa yesikhumbuzo eyalwa Egorychev. Ukhanyise ilangabi okuphakade kwenzakaleni Leonidu Ilichu Brezhnevu.

Kulo mbhalo oqoshiwe esiyisikhumbuzo

Wonke umuntu oza yisikhumbuzo, bheka Ethuneni lawa magama Soldier engaziwa: "Igama lakho ayaziwa, ngesenzo sakho awufi." Kulesi umugqa kukhona ababhali. Lapho iKomiti Central evunyiwe umtlamo lesikhumbuzo, Egorychev wabutha abalobi ehola yezwe - Simon, Narovchatov, Smirnov futhi Mikhalkov - futhi wabacela ukuba babhale i Epitaph. Sima lomusho: "Igama lakhe akwaziwa feat wakhe awufi." Lapho wonke umuntu, sekusele Nicholas G. wacabanga yini, yini amazwi zizongena umuntu ngamunye kuze kube sekufeni. Wanquma ukuthi ilebula kumele ibe isikhalazo ngqo isisulu. Egorychev washayela Mikhalkov, bafika esiphethweni sokuthi phezu setshe legwadle kufanele ubone ukuthi umugqa, amandla nezinto zethu esingazisebenzisa ukugcina namuhla.

Namuhla

Ngo-1997, ngo-December 12 ngemvume isimemezelo uMongameli we-Russia, owawuthi, unogada udumo adluliselwe Lenin Mausoleum endaweni lapho Ethuneni we Soldier elingaziwa. Njalo ngehora kukhona ushintsho yemilindankosi. Ngo-2009, 17 Novemba, ngokuhambisana kaMongameli inombolo Isinqumo 1297, okulahlwa isibe yisikhumbuzo kazwelonke enkazimulweni wezempi. Ngo-December 16, 2009 kuya ku-February 19, 2010 lesikhumbuzo wayeyizwa kabusha, kwathiwa okwesikhashana ivaliwe ngenxa unogada udumo wayengekho, bese kubekwa Ethuneni we engaziwa Soldier izimbali. Februwari 23, 2010 Ilangabi okuphakade ibuyisiwe ku-Alexander Gardens, ke ovuthayo Medvedev ekuyi Dmitry, kuyilapho uMongameli Russian Federation.

isiphetho

Isikhumbuzo we engaziwa Soldier Tomb waba uphawu lokuhlala ulilela wonke amasosha owadela ukuphila kwabo ngenxa njengezitha zezwe lokhokho. Noma ubani iye yaba nesandla ukudalwa lesikhumbuzo, waba nomuzwa wokuthi kulesi simo - yinto esemqoka ekuphileni kwakhe. Zinyamalale, sizobe shiya izizukulwane zethu, nelangabi okuphakade uyozishisa.