Esephepheni Noiseless: konke kwaqala kanjani?

Akusiyo imfihlo Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukudluliswa kolwazi yanoma yimuphi umyalezo Ungahlanekezelwa, okusho kulokho uthunyelwa kungadala ukufundwa eyiphutha. Ukungaqondi singenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya afanayo ezibanzi yezinto, kodwa ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:

- indawo okuvela kuyo ngokuthumela, idivayisi ethola noma izinkinga Lidlulisela ne hardware noma isofthiwe ingxenye;

- khona kunomsindo yokuxhuma wokuxhumana, okungase kube ngenxa noma yokwehluleka ngenxa umonakalo, futhi izinkinga ngenxa yokuba khona amathonya zangaphandle (okubhekiswe noma okungahleliwe).

Ukuze uqinisekise ubuqotho yokudlulisela umyalezo idatha ku iziteshi ezahlukene zokuxhumana, ubuchwepheshe ahlukahlukene asetshenziswa namuhla, kodwa izindlela ezivame kakhulu, ethandwa, elula elula yokuqinisekisa yokuvikela idatha ngokumelene esephepheni noiseless.

Imininingwane Umlando zingalulonda ngesikhathi sokudlulisa waqala ngo-1948, lapho yanyatheliswa umsebenzi odumile Shannon sika "Mathematical Theory ka Zokukhulumisana." Kuyinto lesi sihloko kuyinto isimiso esiyisisekelo for kumiswa into efana esephepheni noiseless, obhekisela esephepheni enikeza control amaphutha, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuwalungisa.

Kusukela isihloko by Shannon kulandela isiphetho emangalisa: ukuhlanganyela ukwakhiwa iziteshi zokuxhumana ukuthi ukunciphisa ukwakheka umyalezo wephutha, kunzima nangokwezimali unfeasible. Kuyinto lula futhi eshibhile ukusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene ikhodi ulwazi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Shannon akazange akhombise yimuphi amakhodi ethize, futhi kumane nje kwafakazela ukuthi zikhona.

Izinhlobo Imininingwane esephepheni Kuye kakhulu bafundelwa zamashumi amahlanu ekhulwini elidlule leminyaka, kodwa imiphumela abalethanga umphumela esisebenzayo. Phakathi neminyaka eyishumi eyalandela kwaphawulwa nokuthola indlela ayezosenza ukwakha uhla ubuchwepheshe unciphise amathuba ekwakhekeni umyalezo wephutha yokudlulisela.

Ubuchwepheshe yokuqala ibizwa ngokuthi i block amakhodi, futhi kwakungenxa zezibalo ngokwemvelo. esephepheni Noiseless okokuqala kuleli fomu yethulwa ngo-1950, lapho block amakhodi ungalungisa iphutha elilodwa kuphela. Yiqiniso, lezi amakhodi ayizwakali, kodwa ngenxa isikhathi eside aphethwe ezihlukahlukene ucwaningo nentuthuko. Umphumela bonkhe eklasini bafundza incwadzi amakhodi ukulandelela kanye namaphutha amaningi lesifanele.

Enye ubuchwepheshe ephawula esephepheni ukulawula ngephutha, - abazama ukuqonda indawo ukuyiqonda nokuyikhumbula emagama, ukubukeka namaphutha ngokuya imfundiso yokuziphendukela okungenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, Tifundvo letinyenti tesikhatsi lesidze ekilasini ikhodi Nonblock sidaliwe, lapho esetshenziswa kakhulu amakhodi convolutional.

Esikhathini yoma kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kulezi zindlela ezimbili sezisetshenzisiwe e efanako, futhi umphumela waba ukuthi ekugcineni wakwazi ukuthola ncamashi labo amakhodi, okwaholela ke esihlokweni sakhe, Shannon. Ngenxa sebuningini umsebenzi ezifundeni ezimbili esakha amakhodi umndeni okuphakanyiswe futhi enikeziwe amazinga aphezulu ukuqinisekisa umlayezo ubuqotho ngesikhathi sokudlulisa yayo ngokusebenzisa imigudu yokuxhumana.

Kwaba njalo umlando kumiswa iphutha kokulungisa esephepheni. Yiqiniso, namuhla ehlongozwayo ezihlukahlukene izifunda imiqondo ukulondolozwa nokwaziswa transmission okuyizinto functionals ezahlukene, komsebenzi, ukuthembeka isakhiwo, kahle kanye nemingcele ukhiye.