Christmas Tree: Indaba ngokuvakashela Russia

Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi izinto iholidi Kulindeleke kakhulu onyakeni, abathandwa izingane kanye nabantu abadala, ngaphandle ngemfanelo efana zakudala njengoba isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Umlando yesiko imiyalo ukuhlobisa isihlahla for the holiday, izimpande kwalo amakhulu eminyaka emuva. Lapho abantu beqala ukuhlobisa izihlahla ezihlale ziluhlaza eRussia nakwamanye amazwe, baphoqeleka ukuba senze kanjalo?

Yini esihlahleni

Izakhamuzi zezwe lasendulo babekholelwa ukuthi omlingo emimoya izihlahla ngobuqotho. Kukholakala ukuthi amagatsha zabo ziyimimoya ezifihliwe, okuhle nokubi, okuyinto okumelwe kushwelezwe. Akumangalisi ukuthi izihlahla sezibekwe namahlelo ahlukahlukene. abantu sidilizwa bakhuleka kubo, xhumana nabo ngomthandazo, sicele ngesihe nesivikelo. Ukuthi imimoya babe akazithelanga ngabandayo, bayindlu ugqoko ngezilokotho (izithelo, amaswidi), okuyinto ezazilengiswe amagatsha sazelulela eseduze.

Kungani hhayi ehlotshiswe zikaphayini, zikagamthilini, oki kanye nezinye izinhlobo, okungukuthi esihlahleni? uKhisimusi iqukethe zinganekwane eziningi ezinhle ngale ndaba. Le nguqulo eziyiqiniso kakhulu - ubuhle softwood wakhethwa ngenxa yekhono layo ukuze ahlale eluhlaza, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isikhathi sini sonyaka wangafika. Lokhu kwenza ukuba abantu abakhileyo ezweni lasendulo kubhekwe ke iwuphawu ukungafi.

History of the Christmas Tree: I-Europe

Custom, njengoba uyazazi abakhileyo ezweni lanamuhla isungule ngenkathi ephakathi eYurophu. Kukhona ezizathwini ezahlukene mayelana lapho liqala umlando isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Ekuqaleni, abantu yayiba amagatsha amancane kaphayini, eyayibonakala hung endlini. Nokho, kancane kancane, bashintsha wonke amahlumela ngesikele sokuthena kwezihlahla.

Ngokwe-legend, umlando we wesihlahla sikaKhisimusi eduze okuhlobene uMartin Luther, le wezinguquko odumile eJalimane. Abahambahamba kusihlwa ngosuku olwandulela uKhisimusi, isazi semfundiso yenkolo umxhwele ubuhle izinkanyezi esikhanya esibhakabhakeni. Lapho efika ekhaya, wathola umuthi encane etafuleni, kanye-ke, usebenzisa amakhandlela. Ukuze ahlobise eziqongweni umuthi Martin wakhetha inkanyezi elifanekisela eyodwa owasiza amaMagi bamthola umntwana uJesu.

Yiqiniso, lokhu kumane nje legend. Nokho, kukhona Ukukhuluma esemthethweni isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, coinciding cishe nenkathi yesikhathi efanayo. Ngokwesibonelo, mayelana kulotshiwe emibhalweni yaminyaka yonke French for 1600 th ngonyaka. Eyokuqala izihlahla Christmas babe usayizi amancane, besaba phezu amatafula noma alengiswe izindonga ophahleni. Nokho, ekhulwini le-17 e-izindlu wayesevele izihlahla ezinkulu. Izitshalo ezingama Deciduous, okuyinto wayeke futhi isetshenzisiwe bahlobise imizi phambi ngamaholide, kwaba ukhohliwe ngokuphelele.

Firs eRussia: ezikhathini zasendulo

Kukholakala ukuthi ngowokuqala ukuzama ukwenza lokhu isihlahla iwuphawu ushintsho konyaka, ekugcineni kwahlaluka ukuthi uPetru. Eqinisweni, izizwe eziyi-Slavic sakudala novalo iphathwa izimila coniferous, ayesenabo uhlobo "Isihlahla sikaKhisimusi". Ngokomlando, okhokho bethu phakathi ebusika, okuhleliwe nemidanso futhi bacule ezungeze lo muthi. Injongo, ngenxa okuyinto konke lokho kwenzekile, kwaba Awakening spring unkulunkulukazi uyaphila. Ubethula edingekayo sokuqeda wokubusa Santa Claus futhi balahle emaketangeni ice phansi.

Firs eRussia: Ephakathi

UPetru akazange sizame ukulungisa isiko emangalisayo ezifana nesihlahla sikaKhisimusi ezweni lethu. Umlando usitshela ukuthi lapho umbusi wayeqale ukubonwa ivunule isihlahla endlini we abangane German nabo Christmas wahlangana. Umqondo kwaba nethonya elikhulu kuye: sonwele ehlotshiswe candies futhi izithelo esikhundleni Izigaxa abavamile. UPeter Omkhulu ngaphambilini ukugubha uNcibijane ngokwesiko German. Nokho, owamlandela yakhohlwa lesi sinqumo iminyaka eminingi ezayo.

Kulokhu, nawu umbuzo: kuphi isihlahla sikaKhisimusi eRussia? Lokhu kwakungeke kwenzeke isikhathi eside, uma baba izihlahla ngamaholide ayikwazi beyalwa ukuba uCatherine II. Nokho, AmaConifers kungukuthi ehlotshisiwe kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu le-19. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho amaJalimane, ngubani siswele leli siko kumnandi eRussia, elisungulwe Petersburg, owokuqala ehlotshisiwe isihlahla sikaKhisimusi.

Firs eRussia: eSoviet Union

Ngeshwa, amaBolshevik wafika amandla ecela emashumini amabili ukuba wenza isiko lomkhaya enhle emthethweni. Uhulumeni waseSoviet yamemezela umhlobiso zezihlahla "wonxiwankulu mkhuba." Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngalesi sikhathi kwakukhona umzabalazo esebenzayo ngokuphelele nesonto futhi isonto sikaphayini njengelinye lamazwe izimpawu Christmas. Nokho, izakhamuzi eziningi zaseRussia bangaleso sikhathi akayikhohliwe isiko enhle. Ngakho kangangokuba bokuthi umsuka wesihlahla wamiswa ngasese izihlubuki.

Zazo kuphela izenzakalo akwenzeki ngokuphazima indaba isihlahla sikaKhisimusi eRussia! Kafushane, ngo-1935 leli siko seliphinde laba zomthetho. Lokhu kungenxa Pavlu Postyshevu, "bavunyelwe" iholide. Nokho, abantu sebekubeke sinqatshiwe umuthi owabizwa ngokuthi "uKhisimusi" kuphela "uNcibijane." Kodwa ngosuku lokuqala luka-January eyabuyiswa isimo Impelasonto.

Umuthi wokuqala Christmas izingane

Ngemva konyaka, ngemva kokuphindela ubuhle ihlathi emakhaya abantu, esiwuphawu iholide eyinhloko onyakeni, wahlela ukugubha emikhulu owawuba House of Unions. Kusukela ngaleso kwakuqala ngokomthetho umlando isihlahla sikaKhisimusi e izingane Russian, labo umnyanya lo mkhosi Kwahlelwa. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ezikhungweni ngokwesiko labetibambile izenzakalo ezifanayo nokusabalalisa esiyisibopho izipho, shayela Santa Claus.

isihlahla ezibiyele Christmas

Enye yezindawo ozithandayo loNyaka Omusha uhlala endaweni ezibiyele izakhamuzi eMoscow iminyaka eminingi. Zonke ezinye baseRussia ungakhohlwa ukuvula i-TV ukuze ujabulele isihlahla sikaKhisimusi ngokubabazekayo, ivunule behlonipha ukufika isikhathi kufike uNyaka Omusha. Ukuze ukufakwa sokuqala somuthi coniferous, elifanekisela ukuphila okuphakade, phezu ezibiyele Square senzeka ngo-1954.

Lapho benza tinsel

Njengoba asebenzelana ngayo umlando ukubukeka nabalingiswa abasemqoka we koNyaka Omusha, senza kufanele sibe nesithakazelo nemihlobiso. Ngokwesibonelo, isiko elinjalo elimangalisayo, njengoba ukusetshenziswa tinsel futhi beza kithi usuka eJalimane, lapho ezovela ngekhulu le-17. Ngaleso sikhathi, ke sasenziwe ngesiliva Okuyınqo, okuyinto thinly lisikiwe, abe esiliva "imvula", lapho bakhanya sikakhusimusi. Indaba imikhiqizo waseRussia yesimanje of ucwecwe PVC Akwaziwa ngokuthé ngqo.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi nge tinsel Christmas exhunywe yetinsita enhle. Ezikhathini zasendulo waphila Owesifazane owayenomopho izingane eziningi. Umkhaya onesifo esifushane imali, ngakho lona wesifazane aluzange lusebenze kahle sigqoke Christmas uphawu isihlahla azizange unadorned. Lapho umkhaya waya ukulala, izicabucabu udale isihlahla spider web. Onkulunkulu ukuvuza umama ukuba mnene kwakhe 'kwabanye, bavunyelwe kuwebhu ube esiliva shining.

Ngisho phakathi nekhulu leminyaka eledlule kwakumane tinsel esiliva. Okwamanje, ungakwazi ukuthenga lokhu umhlobiso cishe yimuphi umbala. Ikakhulukazi izinto ezisetshenziswa yokukhiqiza, okwenza umkhiqizo okuhlala ngokwedlulele.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana ukukhanyisa

Njengoba sekushiwo, zezihlahla, endlini ngosuku olwandulela uNcibijane, kwanqunywa hhayi kuphela ukuhlobisa kodwa futhi okumelwe lishumayele kuyo. Kwaphela isikhathi eside ngalezi zinhloso isicelo kuphela amakhandlela ukuthi thembeke zigxilé amagatsha. Izingxabano mayelana nokuthi ubani ngempela necebo ukusebenzisa nemiklamo, ingakamiswa igcwaliswe. Yini iyalandisa, kanjani isihlahla sikaKhisimusi kanye ukukhanyisa zanamuhla?

Imfundiso ezivamile ukuthi okokuqala umbono ka babasa ubuhle siluhlaza nge ugesi uzwakalise American Johnson. Loku okunikezwayo waphumelela ukuletha ekuphileni compatriot yakhe uMaurice, unjiniyela oqeqeshiwe. Nguye owokuqala wadala wezimbali, kubuthelelwa design elula inqwaba ama ezincane. Isintu kuqala wabona isihlahla samaholide ovuthayo ngale ndlela, e-Washington.

Evolution of Christmas amathoyizi

Ngaphandle izibani futhi tinsel Kunzima ukucabanga sikakhusimusi yesimanje. Nokho, kunzima nakakhulu ukuyeka kwamathoyizi amahle, udale kalula esimweni zemikhosi. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi Christmas amathoyizi yokuqala eRussia ayehlaselwa ezidliwayo. Ukuze ahlobise uphawu New Year imifanekiso wadala inhlama, zihambisana ucwecwe. Ucwecwe kungenzeka igolide, isiliva, zipendwe ngemibala egqamile. Futhi ayelenga amagatsha izithelo, amantongomane. Kancane kancane, ezinye izinto etholakalayo ziye zasetshenziswa ukudala decor.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, izwe waqala ukungenisa imikhiqizo ingilazi, ikakhulukazi ukhiqiza eJalimane. Kodwa glassmakers sendawo ngokushesha kahle ubuchwepheshe ukukhiqizwa, kuphumele amathoyizi elikhanyayo zadalwa eRussia. Ngaphezu ingilazi, ngenkuthalo sebenzisa izinto ezifana uvolo, amakhadibhodi. Eyokuqala ingilazi amabhola kuhluke isisindo ngokuthi ekuqaleni 20th amakhosi ekhulwini eseqala ukuveza ingilazi mncane.

Duzane kusukela abantu ekuseni 70 kwadingeka ukuba bayakhohlwa ubucwebe design esiyingqayizivele. "Amabhola", "icicles", izimboni "izinsimbi" zokuthutha wanyathela sisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obufanayo. izimo abathandwayo yonkana ngezikhathi ezithile, ezindlini ezahlukene hung amathoyizi efanayo. Ngenhlanhla, kulezi zinsuku ukuthola yasekuqaleni ngempela isihlahla sikaKhisimusi umhlobiso akuseyona onzima.

A amazwi ambalwa mayelana inkanyezi

Hlobisa umuthi fun iholidi nengane yakho, abayojabulela indaba lapho benza isihlahla sikaKhisimusi. Indaba izingane waseRussia kuyoba mnandi nakakhulu uma ungakhohlwa ubatshele inkanyezi. Ngo-USSR, kwanqunywa ukuba ayiyeke le zakudala Star laseBhetelehem, ucacise indlela umntwana uJesu. okunye wakhe ngibomvu irubi umkhiqizo ifane nomfanekiso lezo ubekwe ezibiyele imibhoshongo. Ngezinye izikhathi izinkanyezi engunyaza kanye ama.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, umfuziselo izinkanyezi Soviet kungekho emhlabeni wonke. Yiqiniso, imikhiqizo yesimanje umhlobiso isihlahla sikaKhisimusi eziqongweni likhanga kakhulu futhi ezithakazelisayo.

Ngakho kafushane ubukeka indlela yokuphila isihlahla sikaKhisimusi, umlando nesenzakalo salo eRussia nezimfanelo zakudala iholidi.