ULillian Bettancourt: umlando wesifazane ocebile kakhulu waseFrance

U-Lillian Bettancourt ungumnikazi we-giant le-cosmetic i-L'Oréal. Ukufana kwalo uDanone, Michelin neClub Mediterranee kuyisibonelo sezinkampani ezincintisanayo namuhla eziye zaba ngamazwe angaphezu kwamaFulentshi.

Ngokwemvelo yabesifazane baseFrance

Ngokungafani nabesifazane baseNgilandi ababehlala esikhathini esibi saseNgilandi senkathi yama-Victorian, izimfanelo ezitholakala ku-Frenchwoman-looseness, ibhizinisi, ikhono lokulahla phansi ngalunye ngenzuzo, umnotho, laqala ukuvela emva kwezinguquko eziningi ezazamazama umhlaba kuleli khulu lama-18th-19. Bafunda, bafunde, bahlala ezitolo nasemuva kokubala kwamakholomu nezindawo zokudla, izincwadi eziholele ukugcinwa kwezincwadi futhi, ngokuhambisana namadoda, abalahlwe yinhloko yomndeni, bezama ukuwandisa. Madam Lillian Bettancourt waqhubeka ngempumelelo le masiko.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Isazi samakhemikhali u-Eugene Schueller, indodana yombhaki, wazalwa ngo-1 Okthoba 1922 eParis, indodakazi kaLillian. Ngaphambilini, wadala ngo-1909 inkampani encane yokuqhosha emadolobheni aseClichy-la-Garenne. Umsebenzi wenkampani kwakuwukukhiqiza izinwele zezinwele eziphephile, okuthi, uma zidaywe kahle, ngeke zibhubhise isakhiwo sabo. Lokhu kwaphumelela. Bese ibhizinisi landa. Ama-clarifiers ajwayelekile, ama-shampoos ngaphandle kweswaphu, okuhlala njalo okubandayo. Konke ukuhamba kwebamba elikhulayo kuhloswe kuphela ekuthuthukiseni okuqhubekayo. Ungadluli eminyakeni eyisithupha ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi yakhe, njengoba umkaSchueller efa. Manje intombazane isondelene kakhulu noyise, ozinikezwe ngokuphelele ukusebenza futhi akacabangi ngokuphinde ashade. Ukuze uthole imfundo, ingane ithunyelwa e-Dominican order. Yena, intombazane ephakathi, ufundiswa imikhuba emihle, unikeza ulwazi oluhlukahlukene nolwazi oluqinile lamaKatolika. Konke lokhu kungasiza ngokwengeziwe ukuqinisa isikhundla sikaLillian Henrietta emphakathini. Kusukela eminyakeni eyi-15 kuya kweyengu-20, le ntombazane yayisebenza njengenkampani enkambeni kayise, iqonda zonke izicabha zecala kusukela ezigabeni eziphansi kakhulu.

Impi

Ngonyaka wama-40 emasontweni angaphansi kwamabili, amasosha aseFascist ahlala eFrance. Kwasala indawo encane kuphela eningizimu. Futhi izitshalo zikaSchweller zasezingxenyeni zomsebenzi. Lo osomabhizinisi waqala ukubambisana nenhlangano ye-pro-fascist yeLa Cagoule ("i-Cloak nge-hood").

Indoda enhle yaseNormandy, u-Andre-Marie-Joseph Bettancourt, umfundi wezomthetho, wayehlala esikoleni sokugibela kusukela ngo-1935 eParis. Wayenobungane noFrancois Mitterrand. Phakathi nempi, wahlangana nomndeni kaSchueller. Ngemuva kokukhululwa kweFrance, uBettancourt wajoyina iNational Movement of POWs kanye nama-deportees. Futhi waze wamukela isiphambano seLegion of Knight. Ngenxa yobufakazi bukaFrançois Mitterrand, kanye no-Eugene Schueller, umsunguli we-L'Oréal, ugwema ukuvezwa okudabukisayo ekubambeni kwamaNazi.

Ukudalwa komndeni nokuzalwa kwe-heiress

NgoJuni 8, 1950 washada noLillian Schueller. U-Eugene Schueller wamnika isandla sakhe indodakazi yakhe engumuntu oyedwa njengomvuzo wobufakazi bakhe, okwakungamfanelekile kuzo zonke izibalo zomsebenzi ohlangene namaNazi ngesikhathi sokusebenza. I-photographer enekhono yenza izithombe zeLillian Bettancourt ebusheni bakhe. Isithombe se-beauty blonde ku-boa siboniswa ngezansi. Ngalesi sikhathi, umyeni kaLillian Bettancourt wayeyilungu leKhabhinethi. Uhulumeni waseGuulle wamhlonipha ngomklomelo omkhulu weFrance - uMyalelo weLegion of Honor. Umlingani naye waba iphhini likasihlalo enkampanini L'L'réréal. Umndeni kaLilian Bettankur wayehloniphekile. Ngo-July 10, 1953, lo mbhangqwana osemusha wayenendodakazi, uFrançoise. Ekhuliswa ukholo lobuKatolika, uFrançoise Bettancourt wahlangana nendoda yakhe yesikhathi esizayo, uJean-Pierre Meyers, eMegeve. Wayeyindodana yomuntu owayengu-rabbi waseNeuilly-sur-Seine, owathunyelwa e-Auschwitz nomkakhe. I-Heiress ye-cosmetic empire eyashadile ngo-Ephreli 6, 1984 edolobheni laseFiilele, eToscany. Unamadodana amabili, uJean Victor (owazalwa ngo-1986) noNicolas (owazalwa ngo-1988), abakhuliswa njengamaJuda. Ngakho impilo kaLillian Bettancourt nomndeni. I-biography ye-billionaire ixhomeke ekusebenzeni komsebenzi wakhe.

Umhlahlandlela we-L'Oréal

Eminyakeni engama-35 emva kokufa kukayise, uLillian Bettancourt wahola inkampani u-L'Oreal. Njengoba besaba ukukhishwa kwezwe ngo-1974, umndeni wakwaBettankur uyingxenye yezingxenye zawo, ugcine izwi elivelele (53,85%), 4% we-Swiss firm Nestle. Bakha i-GESPARAL ebambe iqhaza, lapho iBettankury yayinama-51% wamasheya, kanti uNestle - 49%. Umndeni wakwaBettancourt-Meyers unama-71.66% wamalungelo okuvota e-L'Oréal. Emuva ngo-2004, abalingani basayine ukubumbana kwe-L'Oréal neGESPARAL. Zombili izinhlangothi ziyavumelana ukuba zingakhulisi izimpahla zazo futhi zingabathengisi iminyaka emihlanu. Ngokusho kwephephandaba iLe Monde kaJulayi 7, 2005, uLillian Bettancourt ucebile futhi udumile. Umbuso umenza abe owesifazane wesibili phakathi kwabacebile kakhulu emhlabeni. Njengoba u-Forbes ulinganisela ngo-2010 - lo yi-billionaire wesithathu emhlabeni onomthamo wakhe we $ 20 billion ngonyaka ka-2012, uMamt Bettancourt wathola ama-euro ayizigidi ezingu-360 ngezigaba.

Scandals

Ngemuva kokushona komyeni wakhe ngo-2007, uLillian Bettancourt ubandakanyeke ezinkantolo ezimbili, okuphoqeleka ukuthi akhulume ngokukhululekile.

Okokuqala, indodakazi yakhe uFrancoise wamangalela unina wokukhubazeka. Isizathu sasibiza kakhulu izipho ezibiza ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1 zama-euro, ezethulwa kumuntu ozimele, uMnuz François-Marie Barnier. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wamcela ukuba amukele.

Ubufakazi obesibili bokungajwayelekile komama uFrançoise bulethwe ngamarekhodi ezinkulumo zakhe zocingo. Phakathi nophenyo, ukukhishwa kwentela kwacaciswa, ukudluliselwa kwemali kwadluliselwa kude. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iminikelo engekho emthethweni yenziwa emkhankasweni wokhetho kaNicolas Sarkozy.

Insolvency

Ngo-2011, lo mbiko ushicilele umbiko othi uLillian Bettancourt uhlaselwa yisifo se-Alzheimer's. Indodakazi yakhe uFrancoise wagcizelela ngalokhu. Yonke into idluliselwe endodakazini yakhe, futhi yena ngokwakhe - ngaphansi kokunakekelwa komzukulu omkhulu, uJean-Victor Meyers. Waba yedwa okwazi ukukhipha zonke iziphikisana phakathi komama nendodakazi yakhe.

Usizo

Ngomyeni wakhe, wadala ngoDisemba 22, 1987 iBettankur-Schueller Foundation, elwa ne-AIDS. Ngibonga yena futhi nokukhuthaza impilo enempilo, uMamet Betancanct wanikezwa i-Order ye-Legion of Honor. Ngomhlaka 31 kuDisemba, 2001, wakhuthazwa eN Knight of the Legion of Honor ngokusiza uMnyango wezeMpilo. Ngomhla ka-11 kuNhlolanja wezi-2010, wanikela esiKhwameni inani lemali engu-552 million. Lona ngumnikelo omkhulu wangasese owenziwe nguLillian Bettancourt. I-France manje isiyakwazi ukwakha isikhungo socwaningo lwezokwelapha. NgoMeyi 2011, u-Lillian Betancourt wanikela ngemiliyoni eyi-10 ye-euro kwi-Institute of France, equkethe ama-academy amahlanu kazwelonke.

Izakhiwo zangempela

UMnu. Schueller naye wakha indlu eBrithtany ehlangene nesiqhingi saseBrea e-UK. Indlu enezinsika yakhiwe ngawo-1920. Lesi yisakhiwo esikhulu esinamakamelo angu-25, inkundla ye-tennis, ibhuku lokubhukuda kanye nepaki elihlangene lamahektare angu-3.9. UMadam ubuye abe nomuzi eSar Formor eSpain, kanye nempahla e-Saint-Maurice eNormandy. Umndeni unendawo yokuhlala eNewilly-sur-Seine emadolobheni aseParis. Wayephethe i-atoll nedolobha e-Seychelles. Yathengwa ngo-1997. Ngo-2010, abezindaba babike ukuthi iziphathimandla zaseFrance zazingakaziswa ngalokhu kuthenga. Wathengiswa ngo-2012 ngamadola angama-60 million. UMade Bettancourt uhlale eqoqa imidwebo kaChirico, Leger, Picasso, Girode, Matisse, Munch, Joo Miro, Braque, okulinganiselwa ku-20 million euros (2001).

Naphezu kokuthi indodakazi iye yaletha ukubuyekezwa kwekhaya ezindabeni zomkhaya wakubo, umsebenzi wenkampani uyaqhubeka nokuphumelela. Ngo-Mashi 2013, umagazini weForbes, u-Lillian Betancourt ulinganisiwe njengowesifazane ocebile kakhulu emhlabeni onenhloko ye $ 30 billion.