Boris Babochkin: Biography futhi Filmography

Ngokusho Oleg Yefremov, Stanislavski wadala isimiso sakhe okungenakufa nabantu abacabanga njengawe Boris Babochkin. Biography of the umlingisi, owazalelwa e-1904 efana uqhekeko Chapayeva nendima eyadlalwa kubo ngo-1934, ezingxenyeni ezimbili: "phambi" futhi "ngemva".

kweminyaka engu

Wazalelwa Boris Andreevich Babochkin e Saratov 18.01.1904, emndenini zinomsebenzi kwaloliwe. umama womfana wayenguthisha esikoleni emaphandleni, lapho imfundo yesibili. Njengazo zonke ontanga eminyakeni 13 yaba ilungu Komsomol Boris. Futhi eminyakeni engu-15 ngiphumele isikhulile - yayibizwa ngokuthi i-Eastern Uphambi kulwiwa, lapho afike wakhonza khona emnyangweni zombusazwe Army 4.

Nokho, insizwa ethile ezingaphezu kuka isevisi, bakhangwa yaseshashalazini. Yena ngempumelelo kudlule izivivinyo esikhathini Saratov idrama esikoleni, bafundze itheksthi enkondlweni "Fairy" Maksima Gorkogo. Le nsizwa ngokushesha wathatha inkambo abaphezulu. Inhloko yakwa-Aleksandr Kanin studio kubhekwe ithalente lakhe inyanga yonke, wathumela Boris eMoscow ngohlamvu eziza Nemirovich-Danchenko.

ekubeni kumdlali

E-Moscow, nsizwa waya, kodwa akasebenzisanga ukusekelwa. Kunalokho, wangena isifundo at idrama esikoleni "Nkosi Young" by uHilarion Pevtsova futhi studio Mihaila Chehova. Kwakuwusuku lokuqala, ngokuvumelana umlingisi, esebeke isisekelo esihle yaseshashalazini yakhe kumiswa. Futhi uHilarion Pevtsova Boris Andreyevich uthathwa njengoba uthisha wakhe. Kamuva esikhathini zeminyaka 6 (kusukela 1921) Boris Babochkin indima yabo (futhi kwakukhona abangaphezu kuka-200) adlala kuzinema Voronezh, Kostroma, Mogilev, Samarkand. Lesi sikhathi wabiza ekubeni.

Ukukhula ifikile kusukela 1927, lapho umlingisi ukudlalwa Leningrad Theatre of Ihlaya. Ngaphakathi, kwaba kakade ubuqambi enezici abantu ababengenamandla umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu ehlombe. Babochkin play, iqondiswe, wenza amafilimu, wafundisa futhi wabhala izihloko edishini ezigcawugcawu.

Esikhathini evumayo bona ngo-1927 ukushada Boris Babochkin. Personal umlingisi ukuphila-Monogamous akuhlanganisi i equation nge angaziwa eminingi. Zonke Rares, lapho wathandana dancer Katya, ngubani ngokushesha yaba butterfly. Khona-ke baba nendodakazi Tatyana. Babochkin umndeni lalilincane, kodwa sibe nobungane. Lo mbhangqwana walithanda nezinye, indodakazi ngamunye baziswa futhi ubahlonipha.

Ukuzijwayeza ebhayisikobho

Kusukela ngo-1931, edlala Pushkin Drama Theatre (ngaleso sikhathi owayebizwa ngokuthi Yabantu House Drama Theatre), uBoris Babochkin e yaseshashalazini kanye ifilimu isibe ukubonakala nakakhulu. Njengoba sebeqashelwa baxgeki, zafeza indima Sysoev kusukela play "OwokuQala Horse" Vishnevsky savusa ngokumthanda. Wabonisa izilaleli walilwela ezihloniphekayo, ihlongandlebe futhi Patriot, welungelo wobaba futhi izinguquko. Theatre baxgeki babe ngazwilinye: umlingisi engcono Petersburg ukulungele ukudlala a ngempela emikhulu indima yeqhawe.

Ngaphambi umsebenzi ezisemqoka ekuphileni kwayo izindima eziningi ubuciko umlingisi ayeka uma intando ukudalelwa, sengathi ukulungiselela kuye indima yakhe yesikhathi esizayo sina.

szhivaetsya Hard esiteji umlingisi nge imininingwane movie. Eyokuqala ngaye yayiwukuba indlela Karavayeva Ibutho umkhuzi ifilimu "Mutiny." Umqondisi we ifilimu uzama umkhawulo eziphoqelelwe algorithm elawula Babochkin Inkulumo zokudala. Wayihlubuka, akamukeli yamabhayisikobho. Kodwa umsebenzi wakhe ozayo - indima Makar Bobryk (ifilimu "Squad Okokuqala" iqondiswe Sablina-Korsch) wabonisa ukuthi nomdlali waseshashalazini wakwazi ukubhekana ne kinospetsifikoy ngokujulile futhi ehlelekile ukwembula isithombe uhlamvu.

Ukunikeza abaqondisi Vasilyev ukudlala kuleli ifilimu "Chapaev"

Famous ezweni lonke leli umlingisi wenza isithombe Chapaeva. Nokho, kwakukhona lonke uchungechunge zenzakalo ezaholela yokuthi umlingisi Babochkin Boris Andreevich got indima wayengakabi edume division nomyali.

Leteyipu ufanelwe ekhethekile amazwana iDemo. Little eyaziwa, ukuthi abadali iskripthi movie "Chapaev", abaqondisi Vasilyev, ngokuphambene nenkolelo evamile, abafowethu akuzona - zingabantu nje namesakes. Omunye wabo, Georgiya Vasileva, umbukeli we ifilimu, egcwele zakudala, kungabonakala yesehlakalo eqembu iWhite Guard kuhlasela ngemilingo, uhamba nge isitaki, ukubhema usikilidi. Singabona ngomfazi umqondisi yesibili. Sergeya Vasileva actress unkosikazi Barbara Myasnikov abadlale indima Anakie-umshini-umdubuli kambayimbayi.

Ukuzimisela nokuqalisa Babochkin Chapayeva

Ekuqaleni Boris Babochkin sathathwa ngendima ehlelekile Vasily Ivanovich - Petka. On Chapayeva indima wathatha umlingisi ehluke ngokuphelele - Nikolai Batalov, kodwa esebenzisa isihluku ngesikhathi ukuqopha of sofuba.

Boris A. ngesikhathi wavelelwa lokusungula umxhwele. Zonke odlule oyibamba umsebenzi wakhe, empeleni, ukuphokophela phambili e nokuthuthukisa amathalente. Babochkin phelelisa ikhono lakhe yokuphindukuzalwa. abayithandayo wakhe ngokuya bayahlonishwa Thixo. Wayebonakala ukuzizwa yena ifiphele lokusungula.

Lifilimu umlawuli division of the umlingisi bathinteka ekujuleni kwenhliziyo, ngenxa yokuphila yalo siqu kwakusobala kangangokuthi Boris yena Babochkin e kulwiwa balwa impi efanayo ne iqhawe yakhe: isikhulu zezombusazwe wayekhonze eduze 25th Cavalry Division. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umfundisi zezombusazwe Babochkin inkonzo yakhe bazokhuluma abaphathi: i-induna yebutho Avksentiev, uMphathi Abasebenzi Makarov wayazi mathupha zonke izinduna division yempi ... ngaphandle Chapaev. Vasily Ivanovich ngokumangalisayo, awuzange ukwazana, futhi bekubonakala abazange baphinde babonwe.

Boris Babochkin wazizwela ubuqili ukuphila nenkonzo kwababusi. Yena, uzenza trooper abanolwazi kungenzeka Prance ngehhashi, nge Chic lempi ukugqoka izingubo zamasosha e-Cavalry egqoka cap sakhe ukuze wahlala ngandlela-thile engaqondakali, esiqala siqu emelelwa silulumagama nendlela obaphatha ngayo abanye konarmeytsev.

Lokhu futhi wayinika nethuba ukuqaphela ngumbhalo ifilimu hhayi njengoba inganekwane yiqhawe futhi izithombe, ukuthola labo ngentambo imilingo ngalezo zindlela-izindlela eziholela inhliziyo umbukeli.

Kusukela ehlelekile - a koMphathi Commander

Mhlawumbe yingakho, ekuqaleni izama ukudlala ku Petka sakhe, umlingisi ukwenza izinguquko engapheli umfanekiso ehlelekile (nozakwethu wabiza ikhono ukwandisa indima yezingxenye encane kunazo zonke futhi kahle sihlole iphuzu ngalinye kabani ezonakalisayo). Vasilyev wagomela naye baze bangabe besaba namandla hoshozela.

I amabutho ukungalingani: ezimbili wonke aqondiswe nomdlali olulodwa. Boris Babochkin wamphikisa. Washaya phansi ngonyawo: play kufanele ibe khona ehlukile. Kokunye mpikiswano ezinjalo lokudala, yahlatshwa waphenduka kweso futhi buthule waya ekamelweni lakhe sigqoka.

Vasilyev sabukana futhi wabubula, ucabangela isimangalo iwine, kodwa kukhona kwaba. Kamuva lezi imizuzu embalwa, ngempela kungalindelekile ngafika umlingisi restive, kodwa ukwakheka Chapaev. Kuqondiswe portrait emangele kuphela ngazo nezinto ezifana ngazo isici. ukunyakaza Fascinated plastic Babochkin-Chapaeva, ingokomoya lakhe. Lo mlingisi wakhuluma izinkulumo ezimbalwa ayengayilungiselelanga - kwaba ezingaphezu kuka iyakholweka.

Kafushane ukubaluleka kinoraboty Babochkin e "Chapaev"

Indima Petka sikhathi ngatshela Gudkin umlingisi uJakobe, kamuva indawo Leonidom Kmitom. Ngemva kwalokho, ngokuvumelana abaqondisi, "ikhadi wahamba kahle."

Kubonakala sengathi lesi sinyathelo yakho yokuqala ku Chapayev - isicelo engacabanganga ka ukwakheka ukuphindukuzalwa ngokushesha koMphathi Commander - wangena iphakade Babochkin Boris. Lo mlingisi yaqale ngesimo Vasily lonke ifilimu. Khona-ke lo indima washiya uphawu ekuphileni kwakhe. Futhi ukuphela - emlandweni wonke we cinema Soviet.

On the ekubumbaneni nobuntu Chapayeva Babochkin

Umlawuli isithombe division inquma isikali ezinguquko nokuzinikela zokudala umlingisi.

Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe Chapaeva wathola ithuba baphonse punches buthule cine ifilimu, lapho umlingisi kwaba unodoli umqondisi, lapho ukuthembeka zangaphandle kokuba ayethanda lokusungula umdlali.

Okwenzekile kuyisimangaliso lokusungula: isithombe Chapaeva savuka, wathinta izigidi izinhliziyo, egcwele okuqukethwe yaphefumulela kuye Babochkin. Ingabe manje eyaziwa ngokuthi koMphathi uMlawuli, uma kungekhona umdlalo we umlingisi? Ingabe umsindo sezindebeni izethameli Babochkin igama, uma kungenjalo, Vasily Ivanovich?

Isiphetho lezi amadoda amabili ayakhuleka isici ahlanganisiwe. ukuguqulwa Ehlakaniphile The Worker Miracle. legend Epic wadala umlingisi omkhulu Russian Boris Babochkin. Photo of the umlingisi makeup Chapayeva ngisho amalungu zangaphambili 25th Cavalry Division, mathupha ujwayelene Vasily Ivanovich, ngokuthi ezifanayo kwasekuqaleni.

Nikeza play okugcwele amandla yobuciko: umlingisi unolwazi izilaleli zakhe mayelana indaba akuyona anamandla engenabuntu nenkazimulo, njengoba umuntu ophilayo, ukuba yiqiniso, ithalente esilinikwe uNkulunkulu - ukuba umlawuli. Chapaev Babochkin, koMphathi, amvusa isikhundla abavamile, ngezinye izikhathi elinesibindi emaweni ohlakaniphile. Ngezinye izikhathi akulungile sekwenziwe

Kodwa-ke zonke - ngokucacile izinduna okhonzile nobuthakathaka bobuntu. Futhi they thethelela ke kuye, sengathi ukuthethelela ubaba. Phela, nabo basuke bazi ukuthi Chapayev zabo uzibonakalise ungathembekile, ungashiyi empini. Bakholelwa kuba amacebo abakhaliphile ngokomzwelo wemvelo ukuqonda imininingwane ukulwa nalawo agibela amahhashi. Ababona, uma kunesidingo, unganqikazi ukuyivala ngomzimba wakhe inhlamvu ehlangeni njengoba Chapaev futhi balungele ngisho nokufela ngabo.

Konke lokhu kwakuthakazelisa okwazi ukukuletha izindima zabo Babochkin.

Umthelela indima phezu Chapaev ukuphila zokudala umlingisi Babochkin

Le filimu "Chapayev" afakwe kuqala ayikhulu engcono ifilimu imisebenzi emhlabeni. Ngezinye Marshal Voroshilov Boris Andreyevich umdlalo wenza muzwa awunika umlingisi i sokuhlala eMoscow. Boris Babochkin indodakazi ukhumbula uthando omkhulu kazwelonke, okuyinto splashed ku uyise. Umlingisi wadala ngempela wobuciko ngempela. Eminyakeni engamashumi amane kamuva, umqondisi brilliant Tarkovsky ngokuthi Babochkin-Chapaeva "idayimane umbukwane, lapho ubuso ngamunye uyaphikisana eduze, ukwakha ngokucacile Monolithic."

Ngenxa yalesi ifilimu usebenza Babochkin baba ngo-1935 Umculi People lomncane yeRussia.

"Chapaev" wanika umlingisi uhlobo sekwenza: umuntu wakhe oqondile futhi evulekile, abangakwazi ukujwayela futhi ukukhuluma ngokuvamile izinto ezimbi, ungathinti NKVD. Nakuba kwakuxhomeke kakhulu ku kubuyekezwe Jikelele, futhi yena elinikwe. Nomona, okuyinto bantule Boris Andreyevich Akukaze kudingeke uthule wakhe ...

Boris Babochkin e yaseshashalazini kanye cinema emva "Chapaev"

Phakathi ngokuthi yiMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, umlingisi wathwebula eziningi. Juni 22, 1941, wayesemsebenzini Riga ku ukuthwetshulwa "loop Dead", etshela mayelana umshayeli S. Utochkin. abantu bakhe babemthanda. Umlingisi kinoobraz zabo zikhuthaza abantu ukuba simelane amaNazi, wayekwazi, ukusebenza fanatically, amahora angu-16 ngosuku. Abaningi ezinkulu ifilimu nendima eyafezwa Boris Babochkin, Filmography yakhe ngesikhathi impi lwalunamandla: "Invincible", "Front", "i-Defense of Tsaritsyn", ". Umama yasendle ' Owokugcina lezi amafilimu kwaba umsebenzi wokuqala ke njengoba umqondisi ifilimu.

Nokho, uma yokwenza ibhayisikobho Babochkin kwadingeka wokubuyekezwa okuvumelekile, imisebenzi yayo waseshashalazini baye ahlaselwa. Ngangimzonda ngenxa inhlanhla, ithalente. Kodwa uma ifilimu nomona "Chapayev" khona inkomo engcwele untouchable, okusebenza njengoba umqondisi yaseshashalazini kagogo, bahlangana nongqongqoshe ubutha. Izinqumo zenziwa zaba ekusithekeni, Arts Council, burdened nga ngalindelekile umbhedesho ngemibono kanye amaphethini. Isimo engangibhekene naso nakuba: tetsamelilwati Leningrad ngentshiseko beqonda nababehamba ukusebenza wathengisa-out of "Inkosi Potap", "Kuban", "Wolf", "Abantu Summer" (Boris Babochkin - umqondisi), futhi ngemva kosuku cindezela ukuzisabalalisa ku smithereens.

By the way, play "Inkosi Potap" Boris Andreyevich kubhekwe umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu. Wayengeke ume ukuthi othile ihlelwe ukushushiswa nokubhala incwadi yokusula, wathutha esuka kude impela eLeningrad eMoscow. Khona-ke lesi sinyathelo angasiqamba athini iphutha elikhulu ekuphileni kwakhe. Yena edolobheni ku iNeva kwaba congenial ngaphezulu.

Kokuyenga umqondisi ku Theatre. Pushkin

Leningrad e sengqondo sabo, Babochkin washintsha eziningi zemidlalo yaseshashalazini eMoscow. Waqale Kudlalwe Okokuqala eMoscow Art Theatre ke - ku Vakhtangov Theatre. Kusukela ngo-1949 kuya ku-1951, uBoris A. khona umlingisi kanye nomqondisi we-Moscow Art Theatre, eMoscow Drama Theatre. Pushkin. Umsebenzi in the sakamuva wazibonakalisa elithelayo.

Babochkin okuhleliwe owanikhipha nezindlu ezigcwele, - "Shadows '(okusekelwe Saltykov-Shchedrin). Leningrad okuphindaphindiwe isimo. On ke, umqondisi, ufafaze caustic, ongafanelwe, ukugxeka ngendlela eyihlazo. Ngenxa yalesi impumelelo, ithalente. Ngo Babochkin yabe yakhe yisifo senhliziyo lokuqala, wathatha embhedeni wakhe esibhedlela. Khona-ke iminyaka emithathu kwakudingeka abangasebenzi. Lo mlingisi wayekwazi yokwelula ntambo emaphaphethi baxgeki, kepha waphoqeleka ukuba acele aphoyintimenti uNgqongqoshe wezamaSiko Furtsevoy ... Ngokushesha, wathola umsebenzi ngesikhathi Maly Theatre.

Sebenza ngesikhathi eMoscow Art Theatre

Futhi lapha isimo iyaphindwa: play babochkinsky "Ivanov" uya endlini egcwele, kanye nokugxeka engumbulali (engokomfanekiso) walidabula amazinyo akhe. "Iphutha" Babochkin kwaba ngemibono: ayebeka indoda ngenhla amafilosofi, imizwa lobuqotho, nonembeza wabo Party kuyadingeka. Nokho obala ngokuthi umqondisi ethiyetha Tsarev kaJuda ukuhlambalaza ku umqondisi ubuhlakani Meyerhold, owaba isizathu ukuboshwa buchopho. Utshani Boris A. Yilokho.

Ngemva nomona yamemezela rezhessiruemy kubo ukudlala "Les" okungahleliwe, uBoris Babochkin kabaze baba lakho ukuma fojisa futhi besula Maly Theatre.

Washiya nokufundisa VGIK. Abafundi bakhe, e actress ethile Natalia Bogunova, uncoma mayelana lokusungula engasetshenzisiwe Babochkin. Ngokusho kwakhe, wayengathi "ukushaya" yonke inkampani.

esikhundleni isiphetho

Babochkin efundisa at VGIK, ngavele waqaphela ukuthi inkinga yamabhayisikobho Soviet: Ukuthutha kude zakudala, ukuze kufakwe esikhundleni izinzwa icala. Wakhe olimalayo abalimala ukuthenwa womuntu, wenza, ubuciko ekuqaleni kule izindima.

kungazelelwe Boris Andreyevich wasibekela isifiso ukubeka "We-seagull" laseChekhov sika ongafi. Wabhala iskripthi umqondisi yakhe eyingqayizivele sika. 17/07/1975 Babochkin emotweni bakhe befika Maly Theatre, abasenawo ku isakhiwo, ifinyelela esivumelwaneni Igorem Ilinskim, ngakho yena wadlala indima Sorin. Endleleni, yahlatshwa wagula. Inhliziyo. Wayeka imoto. Ngaqala ukufuna i-tablet. Abazange babe ngakwesokunene ...