Anne Frank. U-Anny Frank idayari, umlando, izithombe

Igama-Anne Frank yaziwa abaningi, kodwa bambalwa abantu bazi umlando ukuphila kwalesi intombazane enesibindi. -Anne Frank, ogama lakhe obugcwele Anneliz UMari Frank, wayengumJuda, owazalwa ngo-eJalimane, June 12, 1929, esikhathini esiphakathi kwezimpi zezwe ezimbili. Phakathi nempi, ngenxa yoshushiso wahlupheka ngamaJuda, umkhaya ka-Anna waphoqeleka ukuba ashiye izwe bese uya Netherlands ukuze babalekele ukwesaba amaNazi. Ngesikhathi beselapha e yokukhosela, wabhala Umlando, okuyinto yashicilelwa iminyaka eminingi ngemva kwempi, ngaphansi kwegama "The Diary of Anne Frank." Lo msebenzi lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi futhi kwakuqala ukwanda emhlabeni wonke. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubuqiniso Umlando ukungabaza 1981 luhlolo okuye kungase kutholakale ukuthi uyiqiniso ngokuphelele.

ebuntwaneni

Anne uFrank azalwe e Frankfurt ukuze emkhayeni wamaJuda. Le ntombazane umndeni okuphelele: ubaba, umama nodadewethu. abazali Anna, u-Otto no-Edith Hollander Frank, ayelula ehloniphekayo umbhangqwana oshadile: yena - isiphathimandla sangaphambili, yena - uyinkosikazi. udadewabo omdala Ana, okuthiwa Margo, futhi yena wazalwa eminyakeni nje emithathu ngaphambili - Februwari 16, 1926

Ngemva Hitler waba inhloko yezwe kanye iQembu LamaNazi iwine okhethweni kumasipala we-Frankfurt, u-Otto, uyise umndeni waphoqeleka yathuthela ngenxa isimo sezombangazwe eziwohlokayo ukuze kulungiselelwe phansi wonke umndeni ezihambayo. Ngakho waya Amsterdam, lapho aba umqondisi umphakathi okuhlangene isitokwe. Ngokushesha wonke lo mkhaya wakwazi ukudlulela Netherlands izinyanga eziyisithupha ngemva ezihambayo kayise.

Lapho u-Anne Frank kuhanjiswe ku Amsterdam, waqala futhi ukuya enkulisa, bese bafunda esikoleni Montessori. Ngemva kokuphothula lesithupha yena idluliselwe ezikhethekile esikoleni esiphakeme izingane Lokudabuka abangamaJuda.

Life endlwaneni

Ngo-1940, amabutho aseJalimane lempi ephethwe ukuze ifohle ukuphepha bese hlala endaweni yeNetherlands. Lapho nje Wehrmacht kuqokwa njengesikhulumi sikahulumeni yakhe ezweni matasa, lapho kwaqala ukushushiswa asebenzayo yamaJuda.

Anna ngokulambisa engu-13 ubudala, udadewabo omdala, Margot Frank, sathola amasamanisi amaGestapo. Ngemva kwamasonto amabili, umndeni waya yokukhosela. -Anne Frank nomkhaya wakhe bakwazi ukufihla endaweni, izikhulu ohlomile inkampani, lapho uyise wasebenza. Otto nozakwethu oyikhethile ngemuva ebhilidini lapho basebenza ngesikhathi Prinsengracht, 263. yokungena ekamelweni esingenalutho ukuthi ehlotshisiwe like Ekhabetheni kwefayela, xwaya phi. Ngokushesha ngemva Frank Umkhaya wahlala e-Egumbini eliyimfihlo kwangena omunye umbhangqwana Van Pels nendodana yabo udokotela Fritz Pfeffer.

Ngemva kwesikhashana, u-Anna waqala ukuloba Umlando wakhe, okuyinto kamuva Yaduma wakhe, kodwa ukuqashelwa weza umbhali abasha, ngeshwa, ngisho nangemva kokufa kwakhe.

The Diary Anny Frank

Abagxeki futhi abafundi ngalokhu umsebenzi kuphela waphinda kuqinisekisa ukuthi kuwufanele ukufunda. Libonisa hhayi kuphela ukuhlupheka, abahlukunyezwa ababulawa ekuQothulweni Kwesizwe, kodwa zonke isizungu esiyitholayo intombazane engagwenywa emhlabeni amaNazi.

Diary yalotshwa njengezingoma zohlobo oluthile izinhlamvu intombazane yokudlala Kitty. Incwadi yokuqala ngomhla Juni 12, 1942, isb. E. Ngosuku lweshumi nantathu amantombazane. Kulezi zincwadi, Anna lichaza izenzakalo ezivame kakhulu kuleli yokukhosela naye nabo bonke abanye abakhe. Umbhali inikezwe Umlando wakhe ngokuthi "Esikhathini emuva endlini» (Het Achterhuis). I-Russian igama ulimi elihunyushwe ngokuthi "Asylum."

Ekuqaleni, inhloso yokubhala idayari kwazanywa ukubaleka qiniso elibuhlungu. Kodwa ngo-1944 lesi simo sashintsha. Umlayezo umsakazo Anna wezwa sikaNgqongqoshe weMfundo yeNetherlands. Wakhuluma isidingo sokulondoloza nanoma yimiphi imibhalo engahle zibe Indlela yokucindezelwa amaNazi ukuze alwe nabantu, ikakhulukazi Lokudabuka abangamaJuda. Diaries siqu ziye okuthiwa omunye ubufakazi ezibaluleke kakhulu.

Ngemva kokuzwa lo mlayezo, Anna waqala ukuloba inoveli esekelwe namajenali usumisiwe. Nokho, okwenza aphume enovelini, akazange ayeke ukugcwalisa inguqulo yokuqala nge amarekhodi entsha.

Zonke izinhlamvu incwadi kanye idayari - kungcono abakhileyo ukukhoseliswa. Akwaziwa ukuthi kungani, kodwa umbhali ukhethe ukusebenzisa amagama abantu bangempela bese ekhuphuka kanye lazo zonke izibizo. Van Pels umndeni okufakiwe izenzo ngaphansi kwegama Petronella wabiza Fritz Pfeffer Albertom Dyusselem.

Lokuboshwa nokubulawa

-Anne Frank, sifinyeto inoveli, elibonisa ukuthi yimalini Useke wadlula, kwaba isisulu scammer. Kubikwa ukuthi iqembu lamaJuda ecasha isakhiwo. Ngokushesha, wonke yokucasha e yokukhosela baboshwe ngamaphoyisa bathunyelwa emakamu okuhlushwa.

Anna futhi udadewabo omdala Margot babe sisendleleni ekamu lokuhlushwa eWesterbork, base uqondiswe Auschwitz. Khona-ke lab 'odade ababili bathunyelwa eBergen-Belsen, lapho ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa bafa typhus. Izinsuku ngqo ngokufa kwawo ezingabhaliswanga, kodwa ngemuva kancane ekamu yakhululwa British ezaziwayo.

bokuthi lalotshwa

Uma umsebenzi lishicilelwe futhi eyathandwa kakhulu, kwakukhona ukungabaza mayelana ubunikazi. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlola inki nephepha imibhalo yesandla kwenziwa ngo-1981 idayari, eyaba isiqinisekiso sokuthi idokhumenti ingabe sihambisana nesikhathi sokulotshwa zayo. Ngokusho kwamanye ama-akhawunti, nokwashiya lesi-Anne Frank yaphakanyiswa khona njengendaba wesandla ukuhlaziywa, okuyinto isibe ubufakazi ezengeziwe umsebenzi iyiqiniso nokuthi Anna wako.

Ukushicilelwa umsebenzi ehilelekile Otto Frank, uyise wentombi, ngubani, ngemva kokushona komkakhe ususe okuqukethwe namanye amaphuzu ngomkakhe - umama ka-Anna. Kodwa izinhlelo alandelayo izingcezwana zobhejane.

uphenyo

Ngemva kwempi, amaphoyisa Amsterdam eyingoduso e sokulandela umuntu kubika ukuphi ukukhoseliswa izakhamuzi amaGestapo. Imibhalo esemthethweni igama impimpi sika engakaze walondoloza, kodwa siyazi ukuthi zonke umJuda, kuhlanganise-Anne Frank, bamyisa guilder a eyisikhombisa nengxenye. Uphenyo ukuthola impimpi inqanyuliwe ngokushesha nje Otto Frank yenqaba ukuhlanganyela kuwo. Kodwa uma ibhulogi yatha- okwandile emhlabeni wonke futhi liye lahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi, ithalente Anna abalandeli kanye nje abantu abafuna ukuziphindiselela ukulahlekelwa ukuphila kwabantu abangenacala, safuna ukuba aqhubeke isigebengu.

impimpi

Kunemibono eminingana ngokuphathelene ezingaba scammer. Njengoba abasolwa ngokuthi abantu abathathu: Isisebenzi isitokwe Willem van maar, maid Yelena Hartog van Bladeren uyise umlingani Anna Anton Ahlersa. Abacwaningi abathintekayo kulo magazini, ihlukaniswe amakamu amabili. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi icala isala ihlanzeke Yelena Hartog, ondodana yakhe kwakuyinqubo okwase kuyiminyaka umbuso isiboshwa ekamu lokuhlushwa, futhi akafuni ukuyekethisa, ngakho kubikwa ukuthi amaGestapo. Ngokusho kwenye inguqulo, imbuka kuyinto Anton Ahlers. kukhona ulwazi eziningi ezididayo mayelana lo mbono. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umfowabo nendodana Ahlersa isimangalo ukuthi yena ngokwakhe wavuma ukuthi wabatshela ukuthi ngibe impimpi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uphenyo, okuyinto kwenziwe yi-Netherlands Institute for neMpi Amaphepha, wathola ukuthi Ahlers lokhu azisetshenziswa.

Museum

Indlu-Anne Frank isendlini efanayo lapho yena nomkhaya wakhe wayifaka yokukhosela e-Amsterdam. Esikhathini Museum kukhona wonke amalungu yasendlini ababesebenzisa ababaleki. Phakathi iziqondiso ukuvakasha niyikhulume kwansuku zonke izakhamuzi ukufihla indawo, indlela ayagezwa, uzilungiselele ezivela emaphephandabeni fresh futhi kanjani ukugubha amaholide umndeni.

Esikhathini Museum ungabona futhi idayari yokuqala, eyabhalwa Anna. Izingcaphuno kusukela Umlando ukutshela ukuthi intombazane wafuna uthinte esihlahleni okhule ngaphandle kwefasitela, nehamba emoyeni opholile. Kodwa wonke amafasitela zavalwa isikhala Friend, futhi kuphela wavula ebusuku ukuze kungene umoya ohlanzekile.

Emelelwa iqoqo ezihlukahlukene zezinto, umnikazi okwakukhona-Anne Frank, izithombe nokunye okuningi. Lapha ungakwazi ukubuka ifilimu mayelana Anna futhi uthenge ikhophi eyodwa idayari, okuyinto yahunyushwa ngezilimi ezingu-60 ku-. Futhi kulo mbukiso zingatholakala statuette "Oscar", okuyinto wathola omunye abadlali abadlala e-movie kusekelwe idayari.

ifilimu

"The Diary of Anne Frank" yathathwa ngo-1959, iqondiswe uGeorge Stevens. Umehluko omkhulu kusukela encwadini - siyindawo lapho-Anne Frank wahlala. Le filimu wathinta phezu Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu Umlando, futhi Abadali zayo uzamile njengoba abonisa ngokunembile ukunikezelana bonke lobu bunzima futhi nobunzima ukuthi izakhamizi ukukhoseliswa kwadingeka abhekane nalo. Njengoba kuphawulwe ngenhla, omunye umdlali lalibuye yaklonyeliswa "Oscar".

-Anne Frank, ogama biography ligcwele ubunzima obuningi, noma ukuhlupheka nobuhlungu, bazama ukubhekana yinkimbinkimbi yokuphila kwansuku zonke kwa yokukhosela, kodwa yakhe yezenzakalo zansuku zonke kwaba umphumela wale mizamo. Izincwadi ebhekiswe umngane ngamanga, libonise yesizungu ukuthi wazibonela intombazane ukujula eligcwele, bese ukhuluma ngalokho yokuhlupha abantu bamaJuda. Kodwa zonke ekuhluphekeni kwakhe ukufakazela kuphela uqine kangakanani ngentando yomuntu futhi kungakanani ungakwazi ukusinda, wena nje kufanele uzame.