I-Appendicitis: izimpawu kubantu abadala. Izimpawu zokufaka ama-acute acute kubantu abadala

I-Appendicitis (appendicitis) inqubo yokuvuvukala ye-vermiform encane ye-cecum ebizwa ngokuthi i-appendix. Igama elithi "isithasiselo" ngesiLatini lisho "u-appendage", futhi ukuphela "itis" kubonisa ukuvuvukala.

Ngokwezibalo, phakathi kwazo zonke izifo ezihlinzekwayo ukufakwa kwesifo kulesi sifo kunweba cishe ngamaphesenti angama-89 wamacala ngokwemvamisa yokusakaza futhi kuza kuqala. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka kubantu abaneminyaka yobudala eneminyaka engu-18 kuya kwezingu-35 ubudala. Ukusabalala kwalesi sifo kwabesifazane kuphindwe kabili kunamadoda.

Ukuhlukaniswa

I-appendicitis ingenzeka ngesimo esibucayi nesiguli. Ifomu eliyinkimbinkimbi lihlukaniswe yinkambo ye-catarrhal yalesi sifo futhi iyingozi, okuyinto, futhi, ingathatha izinhlobo ezimbalwa:

• I-phlegmonous;
• I-phlegmonous ne-ulcerative;
• I-Apostatous;
• Gangrenous.

I-appendicitis engapheli nayo ihlukaniswe ngezindlela eziningana. Kungaba:

• Ukuhlala;
• Okuyisisekelo esingapheliyo;
• Okuvamile.

Zonke lezi zinhlobo ze-appendicitis engapheli zihlukaniswa yizinqubo ze-sclerotic kanye ne-atrophic ezenzeka ku-vermiform appendage. Kungase kube nokwanda kwezicubu ze-granulation ezindongeni ze-appendix kanye ne-lumen yayo, ukwakheka kokunamathela phakathi kwezingqimba ze-serous ezungezile. Endabeni yokuqoqa ku-lumen ye-vermiform appendage ye-serous fluid, i-cyst iqala.

I-appendicitis ezinganeni nakubantu abadala: izimbangela, izimpawu kanye nokwelapha

Ngokuvamile, isiguli sigxila ebuhlungu besisu hhayi ngokushesha, kodwa emva kwamahora ambalwa noma ngisho nezinsuku. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izibonakaliso zokuqala ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala zikhula kancane kancane futhi ziyizinto ezingaqiniseki. Kunezinkinga ekunqumeni indawo ethize yobuhlungu bendawo. Uma uthatha imithi yobuhlungu, ubuhlungu bungaphumelela futhi buzwakale kuphela ngokunyakaza okungazelelwe kanye nokuphefumula okujulile noma ukukhwehlela.

I-Appendicitis: izimpawu kubantu abadala

• Ubuhlungu obunjalo, okuyinto emahoreni ambalwa okuqala endaweni yendawo yenkaba, bese wehlela ngakwesokudla.
• Nausea nokuhlanza kanye.
• Phakamisa izinga lokushisa komzimba ukuze ufeze phansi.

Uma lezi zimpawu (izibonakaliso) ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala zibonakala, ke ungalindeli ukuthi konke kuzoqedwa ngokwakho. Sidinga ukubiza i-ambulensi. Ithimba labahlengikazi abanolwazi luzokwazi ukubona kalula leso sifo esiyingozi esidinga ukunakekelwa esibhedlela ngokushesha, njengokuthi uhlelo lokusebenza luyi-appendicitis. Izimpawu kubantu abadala, njengoba sekushiwo kakade, zingabonakala. Ukucacisa ukuxilongwa ngaphambi kokufika kodokotela kungenza ukuzivikela.

Lokhu kwenziwa kanje: esifundeni esingaphansi kwesisu kwesokudla, udinga ukucindezela kakhulu ngeminwe emibili (phakathi nendawo), futhi ubuhlungu akufanele buzwe. Khona-ke iminwe isuswa futhi ubuhlungu buyanda kakhulu. Uma ngabe ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwakuhle, i.e. Konke kuvela njengoba kuchazwe, ngaphandle kwalokho, ukufelwa yisisulu kungase kwenzeke, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuhlanza, ke, cishe, lezi yizibonakaliso zokuqala ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala. Manje ake siwachaze ngokuningiliziwe.

Isibalo

Uma kutholakala ukuthi i-appendicitis, izibonakaliso kubantu abadala zingabonakala ziphazamisekile, kodwa zonke ziphelela kulokhu okulandelayo:

1. Okokuqala, kukhona ubuhlungu esiswini, okuyinto ngokucacile hhayi endaweni. Ingazibonakalisa ekwenzeni inkaba, esifundeni se-epigastric noma ibe nomlingiswa ogqamile (kulo lonke isisu). Ubuhlungu buyinto engapheli, ngezinye izikhathi kungabonakala. Ngemuva kwehora noma ngaphezulu, igxila esiswini esingaphansi kwesokudla. Lesi sibonakaliso sokuhamba kobuhlungu kuthiwa uKohher-Volchkova. I-irradiation yobuhlungu ngokuvamile ayitholakali. Lokhu kungenzeka kuphela ngendawo ekhona ye-appendix. Kulesi simo, ubuhlungu bunganikezwa esifundeni se-groin noma se-lumbar.
2. Ezigulini, njengoba umthetho, akusikho ukudla. Lesi sigama sibizwa ngokuthi i-anorexia.
3. Ngemuva kobuhlungu, isicanucanu siqala, futhi kungase kube nokuhlanza okulodwa. Lezi zimpawu ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala ziyakwazi ukuthuthukisa futhi zithuthukise ngenxa yokucasuka kwe-peritoneum.
4. Ukushisa okuncane kungase kuvuke , kodwa akuhlali njalo. Izimpawu ezinjalo ze-appendicitis ezinzima kubantu abadala ezifana ne-lokushisa, ukuhlanza kanye ne-anorexia kuthiwa uphawu lukaMurphy.

Uma izibonakaliso ezinjalo zivela, isiguli singasolwa ukuthi i-appendicitis elula. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi zibonakaliso eziyinhloko ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala zihambisana nokuvuthwa okuvamile, isifo se-stool (isifo sohudo), i- pulse njalo futhi, ezimweni ezingavamile, ukucindezelwa okwandayo. Ezinye izibonakaliso ezingenakuphikisana nezifo zalesi sifo zingabonwa kubantu asebekhulile, izingane nabesifazane abakhulelwe, kanye nasezindaweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme le-appendix ye-cecum. Iziphi izibonakaliso ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala ezibhekwa njalo, sixoxe ngazo. Manje ake sikhulume ngezici zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo kwabesifazane, futhi ucabange ukuthi hlobo luni lengozi olubeletha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Izici zokuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis kwabesifazane

Kulabo abamele isigamu esihle somuntu kungenzeka ukuthi iphutha ekutholeni lesi sifo liphakeme kunalokhu lendoda. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinzwa ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo zingadideka nobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini noma ukuphendula okubuhlungu lapho kwenzeka khona inqubo yokuvuvukala endaweni yesifo sezinzwa ezithombeni. Lephutha lingaba khona lapho isithasiselo singenasidlangalaleni.

Ukuze kucaciswe ukutholakala kokugcina esikhungweni sezokwelapha, owesifazane ngaphandle kodokotela ohlinzayo kufanele ahlolwe futhi nomjozi wezifo zokwelapha. Isibonakaliso esibonakalayo sokuvuvukala kwesithasiselo esivela ku-pathology ye-gynecological yiqiniso lokuthi esimweni esilandelayo, ukuhlanza, ukucabangela, nokucasula kwesibalo akuyona into ehlukile.

Izimpawu zokufakelwa komzimba kubesifazane abakhulelwe

Izimpawu zohlelo lokusebenza kubantu besifazane abadala zifana namadoda. Okuhlukile kwenziwa ngabesifazane abakhulelwe. Ngokwezibalo, ukukhubazeka kwesibalo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kungu-5%. Ummeleli wesigamu esihle somuntu, olungiselela ukuba umama, angaba nesimo esisezingeni lesi sifo (uma kwenzeka ukufuduka kwesithasiselo).

Ukuxilongwa kwe-appendicitis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokuvamile akubangeli ubunzima. Izimpawu zifana nakwabanye abantu abadala. Izinkinga zingase zenzeke ku-trimester yokugcina yokukhulelwa, uma uhlobo lwezinhlungu ludla. Iziguli, njengomthetho, zithathe isikhundla sokuphoqeleka komzimba esisele ngemuva imilenze igobile emadolweni futhi igcizelelwe esiswini. Ubuhlungu buvame kakhulu endaweni yangakwesokudla esifundeni se- ileum, kodwa emibhalweni yokukhulelwa kamuva ingavela ephakeme. Futhi ezinyangeni zamuva zokukhulelwa, ukufakwa kwesisu kanye nokuvuselelwa emva kokusebenza kubhekene nokukhathazeka. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlonza kahle.

Izimbangela ze-appendicitis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Lesi sifo sibangelwa ngenxa yokuthi ngesikhathi sokubeletha ingane isisu esivulekile singakwazi ukwenza isicucu futhi sishintshe isikhundla sayo. Futhi, isithasiselo singase siphumelele ngumbungu okhulisiwe, ngenxa yalokho igazi elingasebenzi. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kuholela enkambisweni yokuvuvukala noma yezinambuzane. Isizathu sohlelo lokusebenza kubesifazane abakhulelwe nakho kuyashintsha emlandweni we-hormonal. Ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwengane, abesifazane bavame ukubhekana nokuphazamiseka kwesibindi, okuwukuthi ukuqothulwa, okungavusa nalesi sifo.

Iyini ingozi ye-appendicitis ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa?

Ngokusobala, noma yikuphi ukungenelela okuhlinzekwa, ikakhulukazi uma kwenziwa emgodini wesifazane okhulelwe, kungabangela ukukhulelwa kwesisu noma ukubeletha ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kodwa ngaphandle kwalokhu, kuyingozi ngalawa alandelayo:

• Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypoxia yesisu;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamapayipi nokuguga okungakapheli kwe-fetus;
• Ukuqala kokuvinjelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini;
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Postoperative;
• Ukuphulwa komsebenzi wesivumelwano wesibeletho ngesikhathi sokubeletha;
• Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphuma kwegazi esikhathini sokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngakho-ke, sihlolisise zonke izimpawu ze-appendicitis nezibonakaliso zezifo kubantu abadala. Manje sibheka izici ezikhethekile zokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo ezinganeni.

Izimpawu zohlelo lokusebenza ezinganeni ezindala

Izimpawu ezinganeni zesikhuli esikoleni esidala zifana nezabantu abadala. Kunganezelwa kuphela ukuthi iziguli ezinjalo zivame ukuthatha isikhundla sokuphoqeleka komzimba, lapho ubukhulu bobuhlungu buyancipha khona. Balala emhlane noma ngakwesokudla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga lokushisa likhuphukela emazingeni angu-38 nangaphezulu. Ukuphambana akuhambisani nemingcele yokwanda ekushiseni komzimba futhi kuvame kakhulu.

Lapho kuhlolwe umlomo womlomo ulimi olumanzi lubonakala, lapho kutholakala khona izingubo ezimhlophe. Uphawu olubi lulimi olomile. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezinamahloni kanye ne-peritonitis. Ezinganeni zalesikhathi esihlokweni esinikeziwe ukulibaziseka kwesihlalo kungabonwa.

Izimpawu zohlelo lokusebenza ezinganeni ezincane

Ezinganeni, izibonakaliso zesifo esibuzwayo zingasolwa kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

• Ingane ikhala futhi ayinikezi ukuhlolwa.
• Umlenze wesokunene udonsa umntwana esiswini bese ugoqa.
• Ukushisa kweziguli ezincane ezixilongwa nge-appendicitis kuvame ukuphakama ngaphezu kwama-degree angu-38, zingafinyelela ku-40.
• I-pulse ivame futhi ihambisana nokushisa okukhulayo.
• Isihlalo sincane futhi sivame.
• I-Micturition ingaba buhlungu futhi ibuhlungu. Uma uchama, umntwana uyakhala.
• Ezinganeni ezincane, ukuhlanza kungabuyekezwa.
• Ingane ingenalutho, inqaba ukudla, ayikwazi ukulala, icela njalo isiphuzo.

Yiziphi izibonakaliso ze-appendicitis kubantu abadala nabantwana abakhona, manje sesiyazi. Cabanga ngemiphumela engaba yingozi yalesi sifo.

Izinkinga

Kwezinye izimo, inkambo yesifo iyinkimbinkimbi yizinqubo ezilandelayo:

• Isisindo somzimba wesisu, okungaba isithasiselo, i-subdiaphragmatic, i-intercigitic noma i-Douglas, kuye ngokuthi isayithi lendawo;
• I-Thrombophlebitis yemithanjeni ye-pelvic noma i-aliac, lokhu kungabangela isimo esibi kakhulu - PE;
• I-Peritonitis, uma kwenzeka ukuphulwa kwesithasiselo;
• Ukubunjwa kwe-postoperative ukungena ngaphakathi;
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwenkambiso yokunamathela esikhathini esilandelayo, okungabangela ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu emathunjini.

Ukwelapha

Uma izimpawu zokuvuvukala kwe-appendicitis zikhona kubantu abadala noma ezinganeni, kuboniswa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukwenza i-appendectomy, isb. Ukususwa kwesithasiselo ukuze ugweme ukucindezeleka okukhulu kwalesi sifo. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ngendlela ephuthumayo - kungakapheli ihora ngemuva kokuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile.

Esigabeni sokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesibhedlela, ukuphumula kombhede kunconywa. Ukuvinjelwa ngokweqile ukudla noma isiphuzo. Ungathathi ama-painkillers, laxatives neminye imithi kuze kube yilapho ukuhlonza kokugcina kucaciswa, sebenzisa amakhaza noma ukushisa.

Uma kutholakala ukuxilongwa okunembile kwe-appendicitis (izibonakaliso kubantu abadala kanye nezingane zichazwe ngenhla), isiguli sifakwa emnyangweni wokuhlinzwa kanye ne-appendectomy. Lokhu kusebenza ngokugeleza okungahambi kahle kwenziwa nge-laparoscopic indlela.

Ngemuva kwalokho isiguli sidluliselwa ku-unit yokunakekelwa okujulile amahora amaningana, lapho ingaphansi kokuqondiswa njalo kwabasebenzi bezokwelapha. Ngemuva kokuba isiguli sishiye ngokuphelele i-anesthesia, idluliselwa kumnyango wokuhlinzwa. Ngosuku lwesishiyagalolunye, iziqu zivame ukususwa futhi isiguli sidluliselwa ekwelapheni okuphulukisiwe.

Ngenkambo eyinkimbinkimbi yalesi sifo, isiguli sihlala emtholampilo, futhi ukukhishwa kwakhe kuzohlehliswa kuze kube yilapho imiphumela engadingeki iqedwa futhi isimo esiphelele sizinzile.

Isibikezelo

Ngenkambo engaqondakali yesifo kanye nokusebenza ngesikhathi esifanele futhi ngendlela efanele, ukufakwa kwesibalo sokusongela impilo akumeli. Umthamo ophelele wesiguli ubuyiselwe emva kwamasonto amane.

Izimbangela zezinkinga ku-appendicitis zivame ukungena esibhedlela futhi zingasheshi ukusebenza. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lokhu kungaholela ekufeni.