Plum - berry noma izithelo? Plum - umuthi noma izihlahlana?

Plum - izithelo isitshalo kusukela umndeni Pink olunzulu (Rosaceae). Basonta iqembu elifanayo taxonomic, abaningi abadumile izingane kanye nabantu abadala izithelo kanye berry izitshalo: apula, cherry, ibhilikotsi, peach, sitrobheli, okusajingijolo. Ake sihlole umbuzo, okuyinto avame yilesi: "? Plum - berry noma izithelo." Akumangalisi ukuthi abaningi badidekile ngokuthi imiqondo.

Plum - berry noma izithelo?

Phakathi izihlahla zezithelo iplamu luthathe indawo udumo, ngoba kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baye bakhula kuwo ngenxa yesivuno. Njengoba yenziwe kusukela izithelo iplamu, blackthorn, cherry iplamu, izitsha sweet, nososo kanye neziphuzo. Plum - umuthi noma izihlahlana kusuka 1 kuya 6 amamitha wonke amaqembu izinhlobo nezinhlobo zasendle -. Izitshalo High ukuhoxa.

Izithelo - drupe odnokostochkovaya - ezakhiwe endaweni imbali emva kokukhulelwa. Pericarp ngaphambi ukukhula isikhashana uhlala okuqinile, oluhlaza ezinemibala. Nge ekuqongeleleni umsoco iba ngaphezulu izithelo namanzi, futhi ngaphakathi kuwo, slot ekhethekile, ukwakha kanzima ithambo imbewu.

Ziyini izinzuzo?

Kusukela Latin ku Russian okwesikhathi eside yafika elithi "izithelo" is hhayi ejwayele ukusetshenziswa kwesayensi. Kodwa imithi, ukudla, ukupheka nokuphila kwansuku izwi kuthandwa kakhulu, nakuba hhayi wonke umuntu ongalichaza kahle. Ngikuphi okuhlukileko kuneGreyidini izithelo amajikijolo? Plum kungokwalabo okuyinto yala maqembu amabili?

Kukholakala ukuthi izithelo - lokhu kuyafana ukuthi we-fetus, ngoba lokho kuyinto indlela igama elihunyushwa ngayo kusukela fructus Latin. Ezinye izingxenye ezidliwayo zezitshalo, kanti nezitshalo ngokwabo, nazo zingasebenza maqembu kwezomnotho, ezifana imifino, okusanhlamvu namantongomane kuphela. Phakathi izithelo ngamaqembu amabili izithelo namanzi: itshe izithelo kanye amajikijolo. Ziyahlukahluka kuye kunombolo imbewu kanye eziningi nezinye izici.

Ake sihlole kahle iplamu - isithelo noma berry empeleni. Kuyadingeka ukuhlukanisa phakathi imigomo yesayensi and definition kwezomnotho. Nazi izinhlobo izithelo izitshalo wezitshalo ziyehluka ukungaguquguquki kanye nenani imbewu husk. Ingabe 4 amaqembu main - ezomile kanye namanzi, seeded futhi polyspermous.

Ngayiphi uhlobo iplamu izithelo?

Drupes - plums, cherry, amabhilikosi - kukhona namanzi, oqukethe imbewu eyodwa. Amajikijolo - izithelo namanzi kakhulu, kodwa polyspermous. Bona bavele eyodwa noma ngaphezulu carpels. Hlukanisa berry esinamanzi ngokuphelele nge isikhumba elincanyana, njengezithelo zomvini, izithelo kanye obunesikhumba, okuyinto has a pericarp obukhulu, njengokukhanya orange. Ngakho ngemva zonke, iplamu - kuyinto berry noma izithelo? Umqondo wesibili kuyinto ebanzi xaxa futhi kufaka kuqala, okusho amajikijolo - uhlobo izithelo (izithelo).

Abamele isayensi Botanical, unganqikazi ukuchaza iplamu - berry noma izithelo. Ukubona namanzi iplamu nezithelo zomvini, bathi phambi kwabo kanye berry drupe. Okunomsoco, abasebenzi yokuthengisa, abantu abavamile ukuchaza ukuthi nenye - isithelo. Zonke kuzoba okulungile lezo zizathu zakhe futhi kufinyelelwe iziphetho ezinembile. Ngakho, abakhwabanisi - akukho amajikijolo. Kufanele wakhumbula ukuthi amajikijolo ungaba futhi kumelwe ibhekwe njengezwe izithelo, ukuthi imisebenzi yezomnotho, ekhaya akubhekwa nephutha. Ngemva kwakho konke lokhu - (. Fructus Latin) izithelo.

Plum libhekisela izihlahla noma nezihlahla?

Ngokubukeka izitshalo angabelwa ukuba izinto eziphilayo ezihlukahlukene. Khona-ke abakhululiwe main amaqembu ezilandelayo: izihlahla, izihlahla, izitshalo herbaceous, imivini. Life amafomu - uhlobo okuzivumelanisa nemibandela khona.

Ngemva kulula ukuzwisisa bona kubayini inkinga echazwe ngenhla - abakhwabanisi - kuyinto berry noma izithelo - ukuphendula umbuzo mayelana uhlobo lokuphila kuyoba nzima kakhulu. Ngo izitshalo ukubukeka okuqondene iplamu bohlobo kukhona izihlahla ongaphakeme nezihlahla. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu - Damsons engadini. Ngo kwesihlahla zasendle ezitholakala eCaucasus.

Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo we Prunus subgenus

Still in emahlathini, emihosheni, wathola plums zasendle, kodwa eziningi zezinto eziphilayo okuqondene subgenus, eside ezifuywayo. Batinikela isivuno ocebile medium and izithelo ezinkulu anemibala ehlukene nge ejwayelekile ithambo flat ngaphakathi. Ubude yabo ngokuvamile mkhulu kunezinhliziyo 1.5 izikhathi ukushuba, ububanzi - 01,03 cm ethathwe izinhlobo ezintsha akunika ezinkulu usayizi izithelo ukuze 8 cm, kunambitheka kamnandi noma omuncu .. zinhlobo Common e-Eurasia yayigcwele:

- Ikhaya engadini - ifomu evamile for eRussia emaphakathi.
- prickly, ameva namakhakhasi - encane, isihlahla olunameva kakhulu izithelo eluhlaza.
- splayed, plums -. Tree, lafinyelela ukuphakama 8 m endle kutholakala eCaucasus nase-Asia Ephakathi.
- Ussuriysk - ukushayelwa esihlala Primorye futhi kutshalwa izithelo e-Eastern eSiberia.
- China - Simila China, eJapane, eKorea. izithelo Sweet-omuncu, kuthiwa kabanzi ekuphekeni futhi winemaking.
- Pissardi - isihlahla Ornamental nge amahle pink amacembe kanye amahlamvu amnyama abomvu. Isetshenziswa landscape design.

Lapho ejikijolweni kukhona badideke: lokhu abakhwabanisi? Berry noma izithelo - luhlaza izithelo zakhe ezincane? Cherry iplamu isimanga kakhulu fructification yayo. Nakuba lesi sihlahla libukeka nepulamuzi, kodwa umbala sokuvuna ocebile engavamile yakhe - red yellow (bungavami izithelo onsomi okwesibhakabhaka).

Ngilusizo izinga plums

Abantu zisebenzisa izithelo izitshalo zasendle umusa ngoba ukudla nokucubungula ayo, sezimoto, sezimoto, liqueurs, njengoba ukugcwaliswa amaqebelengwane, njengoba isitshalo okwelapha. Damsons eside Kuye kwatshalwa ngenxa drupes namanzi nge yokuqhuma bluish. Izithelo iplamu ekhaya zihlanganisa:

• carbohydrate (fructose, glucose);
• Amavithamini C, A, P, B, iqembu;
• acid organic;
• tannins;
• ukulandelela izakhi;
• pectins.

Amalungiselelo kusukela izithelo uginindela imbewu plums asetshenziswa abantu futhi imithi esemthethweni. Asithena ezincane ezisetshenziswa ngezindlela zokudla ukudla, ukudla okunoshukela umkhakha. Plum izimbali ekuseni ngobuningi, ngisho phambi ukuvulwa egcwele amahlamvu. Nezihlahla libukeke kakhulu, igugu engadini.

Ngokwesiko, ekhulwini XX esetholakele njengengxenye ifomu amaqembu amabili cultivars - isiHungary and greengage. Eyokuqala kuveza izihlahla futhi ezihlabayo izithelo blue-violet babanjwa noma side. Greengage ngokuvamile aba izithelo eyindilinga umbala ogqamile. Manje main agxile kukho kuya kuba ukususwa zenyathi undersized, futhi beyizalaniselana nzalo ukuthola, isibonelo, iplamu kanye ibhilikotsi.