Uyini ukudoba drift-net? Kuyini umonakalo ukukhukhuleka-inetha lokudoba indawo abahlala kuyo?

ukudoba Driftnet - is ukubamba izinhlanzi usebenzisa wesikebhe sokudoba, othiwa Drifter. Ngoba uhlobo oluthile izinhlanzi (ikakhulukazi, i-herring, mackerel ne-salmon esethinini) zitholakala ngokuyinhloko esikhaleni kolwandle (okuthiwa izinhlanzi) bese bezama azihlukanise nomunye. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ukubamba kwabo kungenzeka kuphela ngokusebenzisa amanethiwekhi ekhethekile bushelelezi, ababiziweyo drift (noma ukukhukhuleka), ngoba kuphela bayakwazi alibale ukuhamba izinhlobo ngenhla.

Isebenza kanjani?

Fish ngesikhathi kuzanywa udlule lenethiwekhi akuyona bayibone isithiyo, okuyinto izindwangu net, okuholela esisuka kwamaseli kuze kube amaphiko. Futhi lokhu, esikhundleni salokho, kuholela yokuthi izinhlanzi ayikwazi ukuqhubeka ukunyakaza eminye. Lapho yena uqala uzama ecaleni bazikhipha inethiwekhi yeselula, khona-ke, kusobala, ngeke bakwazi, ngoba akukuniki gills.

Uyini driftnet (ukukhukhuleka) inethiwekhi?

Drift (drift) kwenethiwekhi aluka aluminium wire bunjwa wamaqhuqhuva. Ubude bayo ingaba amamitha angu-amathathu nethoba nesigamu, futhi ukuphakama - of nesishiyagalolunye kanye amamitha nengxenye. Eziningana amanethiwekhi ukukhukhuleka, oxhumene ukwakha okuthiwa drift oda. Ukuze silondoloze ke kukhona buoys akhethekile yamabhola antantayo, okuyinto anamekwe ukukhethwa phezulu enethiwekhi usebenzisa izinsimbi phansi Ekujuleni. Basuke aboshelwe phansi ukukhethwa inethiwekhi.

Ubude drift-oda kungaba ezingaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu amamayela. It incike kuphi kodoba nalokho nibambe Ngingathanda ukuthola.

Umlando ukudoba drift-net

Humanity wafunda kudala ukuthi lokhu ukudoba drift-net. isiqongo Special kulolu hlobo lokudoba, okuyinto ngenhlanhla akukho emthethweni emazweni athile, bafika ekupheleni yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye. Futhi catch ngokuyinhloko herring. Nakuba zikhona izimo lapho usebenzisa indlela ezifana ukudoba drift, ngisho ekubambeni squid kukhiqizwa. Kodwa ziyivelakancane kakhulu, awahlangani. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa abadoba izilwane ezithile zezinhlanzi.

A Eqinisweni curious kakhulu: ngasekupheleni kwekhulu nesishiyagalolunye iziphathimandla elilodwa-United States of America okokuqala ukudoba drift-net wavinjelwa, kwathiwa ukushiya amanetha okudoba ejwayelekile. Kodwa ngokuqondene ekuguquleni isimo e kuphela yezindawo ukuthi ngeke kwenzeke. Leso simo abakwazanga behluleka ukujabulisa abalandeli ukudoba ezinjalo.

Sinjani isimo kanye nokudoba drift-net emazweni ahlukahlukene?

Ngo iningi European amazwe salmon eziyizimbangela. Kodwa e-Canada, ukudoba driftnet iyakhiwa ngcono kakhulu, ngoba lokhu zohlobo izinhlanzi ezweni esandisa cishe yonke imifula. Abaze baba esingaphansi anamakhulu mahlanu.

Ensimini ka eNyakatho ye-Atlantic izindawo ezifana konke olusentshonalanga naseningizimu Greenland.

Ngokulinganiswa Japanese driftnet ukudoba kungashiwo ukuthi cishe ababhubhayo, ngoba kukhona futhi catch okuthile ngale ndlela cishe lutho. Uma ama-salmon nama eziyizimbangela emanzini yezwe ke izinto eziningi ezincane kakhulu.

Kodwa umonakalo enkulu okubangelwa drift-inetha lokudoba Atlantic salmon imiphakathi. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Czech Republic lolu hlobo inhlanzi ke manje kuhlale kwemifula emibili kuphela. It Vistula futhi Oder. Futhi eNorway, futhi konke endaweni eyodwa. Lokhu kufakazela waphinda ukuthi ukudoba drift-net - lena usongo olukhulu imvelo.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuphuma?

Kule ndaba, abaningi babezibuza. Uyini ukudoba drift-net - Sekuyisikhathi eside waqaphela eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Salmon Isikhwama. It wadalwa owaziwa isibalo somphakathi Orry Vigfyusson. Ngokusho kwakhe, ukuzulazula-inetha lokudoba ukuze nasizathu ezinhle bengayi. Ngakho wakhuphuka ngesu. Wanquma ukuba aqale bahlanganyele lokuyihlenga kazwelonke catch quota salmon kulawo mazwe lapho ukudoba drift-net kuvunyelwe ngumthetho. Futhi leli qhinga waphumelela ngempela: ngesikhathi zidala salmon ongabanjwanga, futhi ngaleso sizathu angaphendula ngokuphepha ukufinyelela endaweni efanele futhi lona inzalo.

Kodwa lo msebenzi ngempela eqolo: abadobi kufanele ukhokhe isamba lungisa, okuyinto ithathwe eBhayibhelini iminikelo ka amabhizinisi nabantu ngabanye kabani izithakazelo kuthiwa kuvikelwa inhlangano.

umhlangano

Nokho, ngaphezu eNyakatho ye-Atlantic Salmon Isikhwama akusiyo inhlangano yokuqala lapho ukuba baqonde lokho okufundiswa ukudoba drift-net futhi ingozi emvelweni limelela. Inkinga yakhethwa eside ngaphambi kokusungulwa inhlangano futhi lihlotshaniswa kwemukelwa okuthiwa Taravskoy ISimemezelo Tinhloko Uhulumeni lamazwe angamalungu neSivumelwano mthetho yokudoba imisebenzi usebenzisa driftnets, kanye eziQhingini zasePacific Forum.

Ngokusho kwale dokhumenti, ukuqaliswa imisebenzi yokudoba usebenzisa driftnets ibhekwa kanjalo "akuhambisani nendlela izidingo komthetho wamazwe omhlaba." Lokhu kuya imisebenzi kuhlinzekelwe ukuze alondoloze zemvelo, ikakhulukazi, kwezinsiza zokudoba olwandle, kanye nokwenzeka ukulawula kubo okuhlobana ngokuqondile.

Yikuphi umonakalo kubangelwa imvelo drift-net?

Ngoba wonke umphakathi jikelele ingozi kwezemvelo imisebenzi yokudoba usebenzisa driftnets namuhla limelela yezinkinga eziyinhloko. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yena wenza ngezinjongo zocwaningo. Inkinga ukuthi ngisho nalapho kancane inhlanzi catch ngale ndlela umonakalo kwezemvelo kubangelwa nje omkhulu.

It is kuhlelwe ukwethula imikhawulo umkhuba elandelayo ukudoba kusetshenziswa amanethi drift (Yiqiniso, kuphela kulawo mazwe lapho le nqubo ingakamiswa kungavunyelwe ngokuphelele ngokomthetho):

• inciphise oda drift;
• ukunciphisa inani Drifters abenza ebelidoba kanyekanye.

Kule ndaba sihlelwe athatha izwi lesinqumo ekhethekile eNhlangano yeziZwe, kanye izinyathelo ezinqala ukuze zinciphise isibalo sama-oda drift engxenyeni eseningizimu ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean. Izazi zikholelwa ukuthi le ngesilinganiso kuzosiza ukunciphisa umonakalo, okuyinto lisetshenziswa imvelo lapho le ndlela yokudoba.

Bonke abathandi ukudoba udinga ukwazi ukuthi ukudoba drift-net, futhi yiziphi izici zayo. Lokhu kuzosiza ukuba sigweme izimo eziningi ezingajabulisi esibhekana nazo, futhi ukuhlukana wena izinkinga ezingadingekile.