Anichkov Ibhuloho. Umlando sokudalwa

Petersburg ingenye lamadolobha amahle kakhulu. Ezitaladini zalo ukhululekile ethule, iziteshi egcwele kuthiwa oxhumene by amabhuloho esihle. Futhi abaningi babo banomlando omude futhi babala khona zabo kusukela kudala. Anichkov ibhuloho, esisogwini eMfuleni Fontanka, ingenye edume kakhulu Petersburg. Waqala ukwakha phakathi nokubusa uPeter Omkhulu ngo-1715. Kuwo wonke umlando wakhe omude owela phezu Fontanka lavuselelwa kaningana, elivela wekugcina kuphela iminyaka engamashumi ayisikhombisa.

Ekuqaleni, Anichkov Ibhuloho isakhiwo kahle elula lokhuni. Ezisekelweni zambozwa amabhodi ezivamile futhi ngesineke ibuthuntu itshe. Beqondiswa unjiniyela ukwakhiwa Mikhail Anichkov obubusa udumo futhi yaqanjwa isakhiwo. Ngesikhathi leli bhuloho kwakuwumngcele ongaseningizimu Petersburg, ngakho-ke ibekwe isithiyo, futhi kwakungekho eliqaphile lapho ihlolwe imibhalo futhi icala izivakashi. Mayelana ukuthuthukiswa nokuhambisa 1721 Anichkov ibhuloho ke kwaba ngcono. ingxenye yayo phakathi kwaba lift, ukuvumela ithuba aphase wosayizi omncane sailboats. Lokhu ibhuloho kwakubaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukisa edolobheni abasha, njengoba nguye iboshelwe Alexander saseNevsky Monastery nge Admiralty.

I manzi sezulu isakhiwo sokhuni agugile kunalokho ngokushesha, ngakho kwanqunywa ukulishintsha ngetshe. Entsha emithathu span isakhiwo, elaklanywa engumFulentshi Jean Perrone, kwaba adjustable phakathi ingxenye, imibhoshongo namaketanga mshini ephakamisa. Ngokwalesi simiso lakhiwa-ke nezinye amabhuloho itshe Petersburg, izithombe zazo eboniswe ngenhla.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, landa edolobheni, ke enwetshiwe saseNevsky Prospekt. Isikebhe esidala wazibonakalisa yayincane kakhulu ukuba ezitaladini enkulu, ngakho futhi kwaba khona isidingo sezisebenzi kabusha yabo. Ukwakha entsha kwebhuloho senziwe 1841 (ngaphansi kokuqondisa unjiniyela I. Butatsa). Manje uye nezipani ngobubanzi okuningi yayakhiwe ngezitini, nge egwadle ukwesekwa. Ngaphandle Anichkov ibhuloho saphela Ibhuloho eliphakanyiswayo elingena. On the Izinsimbi kocingo imidwebo wezakhiwo odumile German Karl Schinkel yasetshenziswa. Esikhundleni kwemibhoshongo at owela uvele ukubaza - imisebenzi umqophi PK Klodt. Creation wezakhiwo ndawonye bakha ngokulandelana okunengqondo ezithile, ngokuyisisekelo kubonakala igama - "Abaphathi amahhashi". Ngamunye kwezithombe zifanekisela isigaba esithile umzabalazo wabantu esibi futhi ukunqoba elingenakuphikwa phezu kwalo. Ekwethulweni kwakaMongameli ukwakhiwa senzeka ngoNovemba 1841. Nokho, izinga lomsebenzi bekulokhu abanelisi kakhulu, ukusonteka we vaults kwatholakala eminyakeni embalwa kamuva. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, isimo owela futhi akazange abe liguqubele. Khona-ke ngo-1906, waphinda wasuka umbuzo mayelana perestroystve Anichkov Ibhuloho. Sebenzela ukuqinisa ukwakhiwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuqondisa kweNdikimba wezakhiwo P. Shchusev.

Ngemva ukubaza odumileyo nje kwesokunxele besezihlalweni zabo. Ngakho, ngo-1941, ngesikhathi kuhlaselwa umuzi nabahlala amaNazi, izikhumbuzo becashe umgodi engadini eduze le Anichkov Palace. Kuphela ngo-1945 bafika emuva isinyathelo.

Izenzakalo eziningi ekhumbulekayo zomlando wazibonela Petersburg. Anichkov Bridge, Admiralty, le uPetru noPawulu Cathedral nezinye zokungcebeleka eziningi ningofakazi engazimisele ka kugucuka ezihlobene ukuthuthukiswa nokwenziwa ngcono edolobheni.