Yini kwenziwa ucwaningo

Ekutadisheni izakhiwo isici into ayinqunywa wonke amayunithi sebebonke, kodwa kuphela ingxenye ethile kuyo. Lokhu kuvumela enifeza ucwaningo isampula endaweni ekhethiwe ngokwanele ukuchaza izinto sisonke kunoma iyiphi ethile sici isizinda noma impahla.

Ukukhetha into akwazi okungenzeka esanele zimelela yonke iyunithi ifundelwe, umsebenzi kumele ihlelwe ngendlela ethile.

Kukhona izindlela eziningana bendabuko ukusabalalisa ucwaningo ezisikiselwe lonke wonkana, ayinhloko kokuba lokhu okulandelayo: indlela futhi ukuguqulwa oqondile. Inketho yokuqala isetshenziswa ezimweni lapho kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa noma ukucacisa idatha etholwe ngenxa nokuqapha okuqhubekayo. Esimeni sesibili ke kunqunywa umkhiqizo kusho inani kwesici isivivinyo wawuqeda wonke lo mqulu we sonke isibalo sabantu. Kuyadingeka ukuba acabangele khona neqiniso lokuthi akuyona yonke izici ezikuvumela ukusebenzisa ngokugcwele iphuzu ukulinganisa Lokusakaza Imiphumela etholwe ukuze uthole isampuli kumphakathi wonkana. Ngakho-ke, ngo-umkhuba, ngathola sasivumela okwandile Ukusetshenziswa isikhawu ukulinganisela, angasetshenziswa acabangele ubukhulu ingxenye abekelwe emaceleni ngephutha futhi abale ngokuphelela yayo isilinganiso, futhi, uma kunesidingo, futhi ukwabelana sici.

Lapho uphenyo Kwenziwa yini kuso sonke isibalo sabantu, kodwa kuphela ingxenye yayo, kungenzeka nakanjani amaphutha inhlolovo isampula, elibangela ukuphambuka imiphumela kusukela nezindinganiso zokuziphatha zeqiniso. secrete Ngakho izimbangela ezimbili ezinkulu ezingase avuse ukuhlanekezela umphumela wokugcina:

• singenele izimo lobuchwepheshe cwaningo, okubizwa ngokuthi iphutha izibonelo zalokho;
• kokunikezwa kwe-imithetho, okungase igqoke njengoba abayitoho futhi ehlelekile ukukhethwa amayunithi ucwaningo.

inhlolovo Sample ezibalweni is kabanzi ngempela esetshenziswa. Kulokhu, ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa mayelana izindawo okucwaninga ongawathola, abalulekile lokonga imali futhi banciphise izindleko. Isiqinisekiso representativeness we ucwaningo ngokwesayensi Ukukhetha umsindo abaphendulayo ngoba inhlolovo.

Ekusebenteni, ucwaningo isampula uqhutshwa ikakhulukazi ezindaweni eziye ekhethiwe ngendlela okungahleliwe noma regionalized. Esimweni sokuqala inikeza amathuba efanayo ukuthi isampula uthola omunye iyunithi. Uma into uphenyo ngemuva kokuthola ulwazi mayelana awabuyisele wonkana ke isampula okungahleliwe ibizwa kabusha. Uma kungenjalo, ukuphindaphinda-DRM. kwakhiwa isampula Okusatshalalisiwe is ngenxa ukwehlukaniswa iziqephu labantu enombolweni yezifunda (amaqembu) kuncike uhlobo esihlobene wafunda. Isicelo ukukhethwa inqubo efanelekayo ivumela khona abamele iqembu ngalinye labantu ekhethiwe.

Uma sikhuluma ke kulesi simo kufanele qiniseka ngokwehluleka komfakisicelo ukuhlangabezana nezimiso ezilandelayo njengoba ucwaningo isampula kumele ihlelwe:

• inani amayunithi e isampuli kufanele lenziwe laba likhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthola amaphethini oyifunayo;
• kumele zithobele isimiso equiprobable ukuthola into ngayinye isampula;
• kufanele usebenzise zonke ingxenye eyodwa emkhakheni kanye labantu target.

Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukunciphisa inani ucwaningo, ukuthola ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa ngokuphathelene nakho imibuzo yakho.