Andrey Platonovich Platonov: Biography kanye nomsebenzi, izithombe

Phakathi abalobi kukhona labo abamagama umsebenzi ayibonwa etimphilweni tabo, ngoba engenzi ngokwengeziwe abanokubukwa isikhathi sakhe. Kodwa kuthatha eminyakeni eminingi noma emashumini, kanye nemisebenzi yabo, liyindawo efanelekayo emlandweni izincwadi. Laba balobi zihlanganisa Platonovich Andrei Platonov biography okuyinto salokhu. Yena eye waphila ukuphila kunzima. Imisebenzi yakhe yendalo baye bahlupheka igalelo ngemva buhlungu. Futhi kuphela-yalolucwaningo 80 XX leminyaka ukuba ukuqashelwa global selifikile.

Esakhula

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ogama biography iqala 1899, wazalelwa emkhayeni ompofu nezingane eziningi esiteshini locksmith Klimentova (igama langempela Platonov) emzini Voronezh. isiphetho wengane sasingesihle ngezindlela eziningi. izidingo njalo futhi ukukhathalela kwabazalwane nodade zaphoqa umfana oneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-14 ukuqala umsebenzi esiteshini sesitimela noyise. Kube ikhulela ezihlukahlukene ukuzibonakalisa.

Ezemfundo Andrei Rakhmanov etholwe Isikole sezenkolo, futhi ngemva ngaqala ukusebenza esiteshini, wafundiswa futhi wasebenza ngokulinganisa. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi ngisho nesimo esinzima, ngokusiza umndeni, akazange alahlekelwe ukoma kwakhe ulwazi, kodwa kunalokho ukufunda umsebenzi omusha yena wafunda. Ngesikhathi ke waqala umsebenzi wokudala Zhenya Platonovich. Ngokwemvelo, lokhu kusho ukusebenza kanzima esiteshini njengoba esiteshini ngokwayo, ngempela imali ezingqondweni le nsizwa bese ngokuvamile avele emsebenzini wakhe.

Labor nezincwadi

Ngokulandelayo, u-Andrey Platonovich Platonov, biography kanye nomsebenzi okudala ngesikhathi zibekwa kwakuhlobene eduze nokuphila okunzima futhi kunzima, uqala ukusebenza nezithelo njengoba intatheli nomlobi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo yena wafunda Voronezh Polytechnic University futhi isebenza esiteshini sesitimela. Undoubted ithalente etemibhalo kakade sobala ngalesi sikhathi. Ukukhanya ephuma iqoqo yakhe izinkondlo "Blue ukujula" (1922).

Biography emfushane Platonova Andreya Platonovicha uyaqhubeka ngempilo yakhe ngalesi sikhathi kuhlobene zabasebenzi ukuze kuzuze kwezindaba zesifunda Voronezh. Usalokhu asiyeki ukusebenza esiteshini sesitimela, ngaphezu, umhlaba ngcono isebenza. yezifiso zakhe zifana ne izifiso zabantu abaningi abasha. Ufuna ukushintsha izwe, ukholelwa kuyaqhubeka zobuchwepheshe. Kuyinto esivela maximalism obusha, okuyinto kahle wabheka ngokusebenzisa futhi emisebenzini yakhe yobuciko.

Ngokumangalisayo, umsebenzi akazange bayakhohlwa lokubhala. izindaba zakhe zigcwele le Abashisekeli efanayo bobusha futhi ukholo intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe, kodwa ungakhohlwa ngakho umzana bomdabu bona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenkuthalo ubhala for amaphephandaba nomagazini Voronezh, ke yashicilelwa eMoscow.

Biography Platonova Andreya Platonovicha namanje olugcwele lomsebenzi etemibhalo onohlonze yena ishicilela izindaba zakhe mayelana dolobhana "star Ugwadule" (1921) kanye "Chuldik futhi Epishka" (1920). Kodwa yakhe evelele ingqondo ngenkuthalo ebonakaliswa zibhalwe futhi imiphumela yesayensi izindaba nasezincwadini ziye: "Inzalo Sun" (1922), "Markun" (1922) "Moonlight Bomb" (1926).

Moscow

Qhubeka asilungiswanga Biography emfushane Platonova Andreya Platonovicha. Ngo-1927, yena nomkhaya wakhe bathuthela edolobheni laseMoscow. Lesi sinqumo sasi- sitjheje ngokuzeleko, Platonov eshiya umsebenzi esiteshini sesitimela futhi ugcwele umsebenzi wokubhala.

Ukuthela womsebenzi etemibhalo lithela izithelo, futhi ukukhanya uyaphuma indaba "Epifanskie kwama", okuyinto kamuva unika igama layo lonke iqoqo lezindatshana ezimnandi. Esikhathini imisebenzi yaleso sikhathi eziningi iqiniso elibuhlungu Russia ngaleso sikhathi. Umbhali unvarnished kokubukeza idealist futhi maximalist imibono yayo obusha, ubukela phansi yena.

Ngaphezu ukugxekwa somphakathi wesikhathi Platonov ukhuluma ngqo ka radicalism phansi, kule ndaba, ukukhanya uyaphuma leli pheshana "Antiseksus" (1928). Lapha umbhali ihlekisa imibono sezenhlalo lothando-non-ngokomzimba nasemseni womsebenzi emphakathini ewusizo. Umbhali uzwakalise ngempela ngesibindi maqondana namandla nemibono yayo.

Ngesikhathi esifanayo bakha ngokuphelele esiyingqayizivele isitayela Platonov, isici esiyinhloko okuyinto okumangalisayo kuyinto kubophane ulimi neqondile emagama nemisho. Ngenxa yalesi kokuvamile eyingqayizivele ngempela amazwi isitayela abaphendukela umfundi ukuthi sisho ukuthini ngempela. ngendlela efanayo ukuze ubhale kusaba khona, akekho ezincwadini Russian.

Ngaphezu isitayela, Platonov ukushintsha ingxenye semantic emisebenzini yabo. Manje maximalism wangaphambili futhi inkolelo ikusasa eliqhakazile akhale imfuno zefilosofi incazelo ukuphila okuphakade. Heroes imisebenzi Platonov sika iyinqaba, izizwe inesizungu ukusesha abantu, abahambi, eccentrics, abasunguli, ungajabule, Loner ome njengeqanda.

Kulesi biography umthambo Platonova Andreya Platonovicha Kutfutfukisa kubonakala eshicilelwe ngesikhathi usiba lwayo imisebenzi - endabeni "Yamskaya Sloboda" ngo-1927, isibonelo. It is a uhlobo isethembiso isitayela yayo yangaphambili angadle ngabuhle obutheni, kodwa zibukezwa futhi reworked ngaphansi kwethonya ifilosofi entsha. "Grado" ngo-1928 - kuyinto ukubhinqa ku sama-Soviet. "Imfihlo Man" ngo-1928 i-womuntu ngubani Uzindla kokuba ngokumelene okwenza kwempi yombango ayaluzayo. Kulezi imisebenzi Platonov ucacisa ukuthi ukunxanela kwayo ulwazi algorithm wempilo zibonakala ngokucacile kakhulu ukuphila komuntu, fragility yayo nokusondelana yokuqothulwa.

Ukugxeka disorder

Akumangalisi-ke ukuthi ngesikhathi le temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba ayaziwangwa yiziphathimandla. Maduzane, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ogama biography ngakho akubanga lula kakhulu, kwaba umsebenzi ngokubhala. Konke lokhu kwaqala yokuthi inqubomgomo maqondana izincwadi kakhulu some, okuyinto kwaqondana ukushicilelwa indzabambhalo "Che-Che-O" futhi indaba "Usomnivshiysya Makar" ngo-1929, ngemva kwalokho uPlato wasolwa anarchism individualist. Akusho ayisekho ukuphrinta. Shintsha isimo bahluleka ngisho Maxim Gorky, lapho uPlato bacela ukuba usizo.

umbhali Haunted lezinhlupheko yasekhaya. Umndeni wakhe uye eside bancishwa emakubo futhi lokhu ophoqelelwe isikhathi eside azulazule efulethini aqashiwe. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-1931, wathola ikhaya laphakade - i nekamelo at inxuluma ku Abakwazi Abakwenzayo Boulevard. Namuhla kuba etemibhalo Institute iqanjwe waseHerzen. izikhathi Hard kanye nokwenqaba neziphathimandla, yebo, abe nomthelela omubi isimo umndeni.

osebenza ngokuzikhandla

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo eyinkimbinkimbi wadonsa kanzima, Platonov uyaqhubeka ukusebenza phezu noveli "Chevengur", kodwa ngokuqinisekile inoveli ukukhanya kuhlulekile ukukhulula ngaleso sikhathi. Lokhu kwenzeke kuphela ngo-1971, eParis, ngemva kokufa kombhali.

Okuqukethwe kule noveli ichaza zindlani nakancane Chevengur nokuphila izinhlamvu wakhe, owabe ukuza emva Ukuzula eside nezinsizi. Life emphakathini ephelele ngempela, zonke ziyajabula kanye bayalingana. Vele umbono Amazing libhujiswa nge ukufika sebutho nasemasosheni owachitha bonke abakhileyo, kanye nomasipala kanye. Romance futhi konke kuyenzeka - ke kuveza ngokoqobo, okuyinto uPlato. Yiqiniso, iqiniso liwukuthi ngeke kamnandi kangaka njengoba singathanda, kodwa ukufana phakathi eziphathekayo kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, Platonov inoveli akaphelelwa ubunikazi bayo yenkampani nolimi. Abanye abagxeki bathi ngale ndlela zokubukwa asiphumeleli, iphinde ivimbele umkhiqizo ukubona umugqa indaba.

namathathu banesifo esibi

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ogama biography kuhlobene eduze izinguquko sezombusazwe kuleliya lizwe, ngokucacile ithalente lakhe wokubhala namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Ngo-1930, Platonov ezikhishwe wobuciko yakhe enkulu - indaba "Pit", okuyinto izoshicilelwa okokuqala kuphela ngo-1987. Lokhu dystopia sezenhlalo, isitshela indaba a kwezimboni kuhlulekile, wokugoqa edabukisayo ubukhomanisi imibono yayo. Kulo mfanekiso, esikhundleni esigodlweni Yakhiwa ithuna ngokuhlanganyela. Brodsky wabhala ukuthi uPlato okufakiwe yena inkathi ulimi.

Ngokuvamile abantu baphuka izinqulu

Ngaleso sikhathi, isimo yezenhlalakahle lizwe kokuqina, ayizange wasinda futhi Platonov. Ngaleso sikhathi wanyathelisa indaba yakhe "esitolo", elichaza collectivization kuhlulekile, kanye indaba "Udoti umoya" kumatimu anti-undlovukayiphikiswa. Ngeshwa, aqale athola yabizwa kabi kangaka ka Stalin, yesibili futhi engathuthuki umphumela wawo. Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ogama biography, nokunye owayiloba isikhathi akajabuli bajabule, futhi beshushiswa. Waphinde wayeka ukuthayipha.

Maphakathi nawo-namathathu banesifo esibi kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, u-Andrey Platonovich Platonov, Biography emfushane kugcwele ubunzima kuleli qophelo sikhathi uyabhala ikakhulukazi ethebuleni, ngoba ishicilelwe.

Konke etafuleni

Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, usebenzela eziningi futhi yathela impela. inoveli Wadala "Happy eMoscow" ucezu "kwezwi kayise." Wabuye wabhala izihloko eziningi ku babhali betemibhalo ezifana Pushkin, Paustovsky, Akhmatova, Greene, Hemingway nabanye. Okulandelayo, dala indaba "Juvenile Sea", isihloko lapha eduze "isisekelo imigodi" futhi "Chevengur", khona-ke elinye play - "Jukebox".

Ezinkondlweni zakhe Platonov ihamba kude izindaba zomphakathi wabe nakho okungokomoya futhi amadrama. Wabhala lonke uchungechunge lyrical tindzaba letimfisha, kuhlanganise "Umfula Potudan" "Aphrodite" futhi "Clay House engadini yesifundazwe" futhi "Frau". Lapha umbhali kuqinisa ukumodeliswa ngokwengqondo izinhlamvu, ukufundwa ezijulile okuyinto esikhundleni sengqondo kuyindida komlobi uthando.

Kusobala ukuthi umlobi kwakungomunye hhayi igama lula Andrey Platonovich Platonov biography. Ezinganeni, wabhala, futhi kakhulu ngempumelelo, isibonelo enkulu yalesi - indaba "imbewu" yesihawu intandane.

Eminyakeni 1933-35 uhambela Turkmenistan Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Umlando Omfushane umbhali yazisa ngalokhu. Ngaphansi okuvelayo uhambo, wabhala indaba "Jan" ngendlela eyinqaba enhlekeleleni nomphakathi nge amanothi amasha lyrical. ematfuba ezicacile yebizo, ngisho zvukopis kulo msebenzi iyenza ibe icebe kanye onesigqi.

Blow by buhlungu

Ngo-1937, wahlela amazwibela eyethile umsebenzi umbhali ngegama Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Biography, sifinyeto okuyinto ebekwe isihloko, imakwe umcimbi kujabulise ngaye. Umlobi ishicilela iqoqo lezindatshana ezimnandi yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane "Umfula Potudan". Kodwa okulindele kombhali kungafinyelelwa kuyo. Collection liye wagxeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1938, nendodana kuphela Platonov ukuthi bhila icala, futhi le nsizwa waboshwa.

impi

Phakathi nempi, u-Andrey Platonovich Platonov, biography, amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngokuphila okwakukhona njalo ithande abalandeli bakhe, iba umlobeli we iphephandaba "Red Star". Kodwa lapha, indaba yakhe "Umndeni Ivanov" iye yabangela Ukunganeliseki eqinile futhi ubelokhu eqashelwa yokunyundela umndeni Soviet.

Eminyakeni yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe

Ngemva kwempi, u-Andrey Platonovich Platonov, biography, izithombe kanye nezinye amaqiniso okuphila okuyinto waya inzalo, futhi akakwazanga ukuthola ngokwanele izincwadi. Ngomzamo wokwenza bona amaqiniso okuphila, wabhala ukuhlukahluka ku Russian Folk yezinganekwane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wadala play "Umkhumbi KaNowa". Nokho, isikhathi akusho amnike ithuba lokuba ethandwa phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe. Ngo-1951, Platonov uyafa sofuba, abangenwe indodana yakhe, owayebizwa sikhululwe kuleli kamu.

ukuqashelwa

Platonov ayaziwangwa bangesikhathi sakhe. Nokho, ngo-1980 okwakhe yakhe ekhaliphile kumbangela isithakazelo emhlabeni wonke. ezimangalisayo kwalo ulimi nesitayela zokubukwa, kanye nzima ohambweni lokuphila ekugcineni bathola abayithandayo bakhe futhi baziswa. Nakuba ishicilelwe ke, abaningi imisebenzi Platonov namuhla.