Umkhaya Cucurbitaceae. Amalungu Cucurbitaceae umndeni lasendulo

Ithanga ethulwa yonyaka noma zisetshenziswa, ezinwabuzelayo noma ukugibela amakhambi, akuvamile nezihlahla. Cucurbitaceae mkhaya mayelana 900 zilwane. Okuvame kakhulu zihlanganisa: ikhukhamba, ithanga, zucchini, ibhece kanye ibhece.

Ngamunye isitshalo umndeni Cucurbitaceae othanda kakhulu ukukhanya, ngakho ikhule kuphela evulekile, isikhundla libalele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abeve ukushisa-onothando, ngakho-ke, i-sezulu esipholile engaqeda yonke imizamo ukuze ikhule ezinye izitshalo, ezifana ikhabe futhi ikhathalophu.

isakhiwo

Phuma izitshalo ithanga ngokuvamile prostrate noma ukugibela nge izimpondo, okuyinto Ushintshe stem lateral. Ishidi yasethafeni, abavamile, ntshashintshe dissected. Izimbali kungaba actinomorphic, unisexual, olulodwa noma ababebuthene inflorescence axillary. Perianth futhi kumila stamens ngokuvamile ibukeke ngamapayipi tho ne esibelethweni. Corolla kungaba gamopetalous, emihlanu-blade, ngokuvamile ophuzi. Isibalo stamens 5, futhi ngezinye izikhathi 2. Isakhiwo 3 kufaka pestle, futhi ngezinye izikhathi 5 carpels. Lesi sizalo ingaphansi, nezithelo umelwe ikhabe.

Amalungu omdala emndenini

indoda sidilizwa cishe lokuqoqa izitshalo zasendle ezidliwayo, ezifana nobhontshisi, uphizi, noma imifino impande - ezifana izaqathe. Kukholakala ukuthi lezi imifino kanye isaladi iklabishi ezitshalwe zabo, abantu bakudala. Ukuze yokugcina ebonakala amahlamvu athuthukile kanye esihlwabusayo.

AbaseGibhithe lasendulo ayethanda izinhlobo ezahlukene ulethisi, iklabishi, ubhontshisi, ikhabe, radishes, anyanisi kanye artichokes. Okungukuthi, ngisho nezinkulungwane zeminyaka edlule, yokudlela ithebula oyedwa wayengaba ukuziqhayisa isethi ezinhle imifino.

Ancient AmaRoma namaGreki kutshalwa imifino efanayo abaseGibhithe ngenhlupho, kodwa ke kuloluhla ukhukhamba, asparagus futhi isilimo esidliwayo esinamagatsha anamanzi.

Ngokuvamile, amalungu omdala ithanga umndeni - ikhukhamba kanye ibhece.

Amalungu ethandwa iningi lomkhaya

Ngu Cucurbitaceae umndeni zihlanganisa:

• Ukhukhamba - the obanzi kunayo yembulunga imifino. The main iphuzu esihle yokuthi ukhukhamba zingatshalwa unyaka wonke - ebusika kanye entwasahlobo in zokugcina evuthayo, ngo entwasahlobo nasehlobo - in zokugcina ezivamile, izindawo zokugcina izithombo namasimu amancane ifilimu zokukhosela, futhi ihlobo noma ekwindla - endle. Ukhukhamba - Amalungu endala ithanga umndeni - kuyinto imbiza lonyaka futhi iningi izitshalo teplotrebovatelnymi zemifino. nokukhula okuvamile anganikeza lokushisa hhayi ngaphansana 25-27 degrees, ngaphandle kwalokho lesi sitshalo iyeke ziphenduke.

• Ithanga - esimila yonyaka ne besilisa izimbali zesifazane ngedwa. Isithelo ikhula esikhulu eziningi-seeded. On the stem amahlanu emaceleni ahlelwe amahlamvu 5-7-Lobed. Ezinye izinhlobo akhiqiza izithelo nesisindo 90 kg. buka-Sectional ka ithanga ngokuthi zucchini. Izwe Lokudabuka - eMexico, e-Europe ithanga hit ngekhulu le-16.

Amakhabe kanye amakhabe

Ikhabe futhi ikhabe - amakhabe, ikakhulukazi afune izinto ngenkani kwabanye air lokushisa kanye emhlabathini.

Ikhabe - esimila yonyaka, ingxenye Cucurbitaceae umndeni. Izimbali ngokuvamile unisexual, akuvamile ukuthi ngithanda abesilisa nabesifazane. Izimbali zesilisa kuvame eqoqwe ngendlela Bun, futhi abesifazane - single, mikhulu kakhulu. Isithelo uphendulela elimnandi, namanzi.

Watermelon - isitshalo libhekene ezicijile recumbent amahlamvu pinnatisect ngokujulile futhi eziningi emilibeni ezinyunyana. Inyama negazi obomvu ngokuphuzi futhi amnandi. Juice iqukethe kuze ku-5% ushukela. Watermelon kubhekwa lapho kwazalelwa Afrika, lapho abameleli sikhule zasendle ikhabe-kolokvinta okuyiwona Waphawuleka izithelo ezincane (ezingadluli ziyadliwa) nenyama elukhuni engaguquki.

ithanga

Ithanga, yebo, kungokwalabo Cucurbitaceae umndeni. Yini izitshalo ukuze feed, okungase abeke etafuleni? Ngoba kuqala libhekene ubukhulu omkhulu futhi isisindo, kanti eyesibili oluhambisana nezidingo ezahlukene kakhulu - zenani elincane, zizwakale kahle futhi wokuqukethwe lelisetulu compounds imvelo yokudla okunempilo namakhambi okwelapha.

Ithanga - isiko lasendulo kakhulu, ebelilokhu eMelika eminye iminyaka eyinkulungwane Sekwedlule 3 .. Uma-Nguqulo Yezwe, lesi sitshalo alethwa eYurophu wavulwa. Njengamanje, izifunda eziningi eningizimu ukholelwa ekutheni leli isiko wakudala Russian.

Imininingwane yokudla okunempilo

Cucurbitaceae umndeni ocebile in ushukela, carotene, amavithamini ahlukahlukene - okungukuthi, B1, B2, B6, C, E, PP, T. Kugcine ngesivinini kakhulu inqubo ukugaya, futhi kusiza nokwenziwa inyama kanye neminye imikhiqizo ezisindayo.

Ithanga iqukethe nosawoti izinto ezifana wali band acid, i-potassium, i-magnesium, futhi uma sisilandela acabangele inani yensimbi, khona-ke kungenziwa ngokuthi iqhawe phakathi imifino. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ziningi potassium ne pectin, okuyinto ukuvimba okuvela kuyo ukuvuvukala kule ikholoni.

abantu Unolwazi zithi ithanga iphalishi, ngokuvamile kudliwa, it has nomphumela omangalisayo ekwelapheni ngokumelene umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile iziyaluyalu umzimba. Futhi ukuqwasha ingelapheka ithanga juice noma decoction of ithanga ngoju.

Imbewu lokhu yemifino isimangaliso kukhona anthelmintic ngokuphelele ephephile.

On the izinhlobo amathanga

ithanga elikhulu iyona abandayo ukumelana kakhulu, kodwa ngemva kwesikhathi eside kakhulu ukukhula kuka tverdokorymi. Stem isitshalo has simise cylindrical. Isithelo libhekene izinto ezifana ubukhulu esikhulu, nokugcinwa eside, high ukunambitheka izinga kanye inqwaba imbewu.

Tverdokorymi ithanga asesabi abukhali lokushisa ekushintshashintsheni. Isiqu kuyinto faceted, ezimazombezombe. Ukuze i-fetus libhekene: usayizi encane, uqweqwe bok futhi prickly subulate ukungenzi.

Ibhathanathi Squash kubhekwa ukushisa-onothando, futhi ngasekupheleni, ngokuvamile dlinnopletistoy ngaphandle ifomu asehlathini. Stem ethulwa ifomu okruglogranennoy. Isithelo esincane noma ophansi, is side futhi ayisesemikhulu phakathi. Inyama orange kanye amakinati ukunambitheka.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, athandwa kakhulu phakathi abatshali amateur yilezi: igumbi lokudlela, ukudla, gymnosperms, futhi Dish ithanga zokuhlobisa. izici ababazalayo azihlukile ikakhulukazi kusukela ngenhla.

ayelapha ithanga

Cucurbitaceae mkhaya kwesithathu omele ewusizo - ithanga. Iqukethe omningi amavithamini namaminerali okunenzuzo kakhulu empilweni yomuntu.

imiphumela ezuzisayo ithanga:

• ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ezivamile pheshana emathunjini;
• ukususa izinkathazo ezinjalo, njengoba ukuqunjelwa kanye nezinambuzane;
• ukuzinza we izinqubo umzimba;
• umphumela isisu;
• ukuqedwa ubuthi;
• kuncishiswe inani cholesterol egazini;
• ukususwa ubuhlungu cystitis oyingozi futhi urethritis;
• isisindo ukuzinza;
• ukwelapha ikhanda, ukuqwasha, ngisho iziyaluyalu uvalo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu yemifino is kakhulu emkhakheni ubuhle. Ngakho, ngosizo buso ithanga bushelelezi kwesikhumba futhi wenze i-Vitamin ukuthengisela, ukwelapha induna kanye izinhlobo ezahlukene eczema.