Running amamitha 100: sivamile abesilisa nabesifazane

Umncintiswano abagijimi bakhangwa izibukeli eGrisi lasendulo. Kulapho Yama-Olympic, uhlelo okwakuhlanganisa mncintiswano egijima enkundleni. Omunye esiteji zazilingana 192,27 amamitha.

athletics Modern inikeza ibanga 100 m. Sprint iyathandwa, hhayi nje phakathi abadlali professional. Running amamitha 100 (sebhithi incike yobudala, ubulili, umsebenzi umgijimi) - yohlelo esiyisibopho ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba lezingane zesikole, abafundi, abombutho zonke abanakekela ngempilo yabo.

Izimpawu umsebenzi

Running eyikhulu namashumi amamitha libhekisela Sprint (amafushane). Abasubathi ukuhambisa ngokushesha kwi-treadmill, redox ukusabela emzimbeni ngamunye wabo ukuqhubeka ngaphandle oksijini (izimo anaerobic). Stacked ekuqaleni ijubane uhlanga kulinganiselwe ziyancipha ngaleso sekugcineni.

Phakathi run igazi akanayo isikhathi ukwenza umbuthano omkhulu kwegazi, ukufinyelela kunemisipha yomlenze. Oxygen ongawi nezicubu imisipha, ngakho umzimba osebenza ku amasheya ubudala. Umthombo wamandla ukhonza creatine-ATP.

Sprint ukugijima kuvusa inhliziyo, eba isivinini nokukhuthazela isivinini, kusiza ashise amanoni ngokweqile.

imishini

Ukuzivocavoca kuhlanganisa izigaba ezine: isiqalo, ukusheshisa, ukunyakaza ibanga Finishing. ibangana isiqalo ongaphakeme unqobe, okuyinto ihlukaniswe yaba esiku, welula, Kuhlangana futhi ayibanzi. isiqalo Okuvamile - lena isikhawu phakathi the starting line kanye amabhlogo we amabili izinyawo. Wabasaqalayo ibanga luyanda ubude umlenze aphansi.

Uma ibanga kusuka the starting line block lokuqala ilingana izinyawo ezimbili noma ezintathu, kodwa kusukela pad ngowokuqala yesibili - nesigamu kuya ezimbili izinyawo, kuyafaneleka ukukhuluma mayelana isiqalo enwetshiwe. Izindlela uqale elilingana izinyawo eyodwa nengxenye kusukela starting line futhi omunye wesibili stop block. isiqalo Esincane: ibanga kusuka ngowokuqala pads wesibili isikhawu polstopy ezincane phakathi kukholamu yokuqala futhi the starting line. Ukukhethwa kunqunywa kokuqala amandla umlenze imisipha umqondo womsubathi kanye nelikhono msubathi ukuphendula isiginali.

anikeze umyalo 'Okulungele! "ngaphambi mncintiswano. Athlete senzeka ku-treadmill, oba izinyawo zakhe ezingongolweni, isandla (isithupha kanye index ngomunwe) - emhlabathini emgqeni isiqalo, ngemuva emlenzeni ukuma kuphakamisa emadolweni akhe. Emuva iqonde, amehlo iqondiswe phambili. Arms ngqo ngesikhathi izindololwane, izinzwane uthinte spikes we-treadmill.

Lapho ezwa umyalo "Qaphela!", Umsubathi evusa ukhalo futhi ushukumisela maphakathi gravity on ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Kulesi sikhundla, umgijimi kufana isiphethu onomfutho. Yena elindela umyalo olandelayo ukuziqalela.

On umyalo "GO!" (Noma umsindo shot) umgijimi kanyekanye odlulela izingalo kusuka emhlabathini futhi omkhulu ovela ngemuva emotweni unyawo pad. It elungisa phambili ngezinyawo ngemuva unyawo ukubhakuzisa ezinyakazayo, okuyinto waphumula ngokumelene pad emuva. Izandla ukuhambisa oppositely, nakuba abanye abaqeqeshi belulekwa ukuba izoqala egijima ne ukunyakaza efanayo. Lokhu kusiza ukuba ngenkuthalo ukuhambisa ekuqaleni emncintiswaneni.

Ukuqala ukusheshisa Uthatha 15 kuya ku-30 metres. It kuyalinqoba umsubathi ibanga, kancane ngokutshekisa esifubeni. Ingalo ukunyakaza kukhona lisebenza futhi siye phambili. Ngokwe-athlete siphela ibanga esiqwini kuyalungiswa. Ukwahlukana kusuka emhlabathini wenziwa nge umlenze bent, ngesikhathi sesigaba indiza ziyancipha okhalweni. Izandla ukusebenza ngenkuthalo siqinise umzimba. Umzimba ekhululekile, esishubile imisipha, umphumela okufanele kube njengamanje.

Ikhono umsubathi itholakala lokuthi, ukugcina egijima kulo mjaho, kodwa abagijimi ngisho abanolwazi amamitha zokugcina unqobe kancane. Ukuze silondoloze ijubane inyuka titepisi, ukushuba nokuhamba kwezindikimba izingalo. Ibanga kubhekwa igcwaliswe uma esincintisana ithinta entanjeni nanoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba. Ngokuvamile kuba esifubeni noma ehlombe.

Ngenxa imincintiswano ebanjwa "Running amamitha 100" sigaba. Master of Ezemidlalo 10.4 imizuzwana abesilisa 11.6 kwabesifazane.

"Amamitha ayikhulu" zesikole

Running ilungele ukuthuthukiswa avumelanayo ingane. Uma wenza iminyakazo eyindilinga izitimela esimiso senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, umfutho wegazi is uhlaliseke. Izifundo ososayensi American waqinisekisa ukuthi abafundi kangcono ugijima.

Ngokuvamile, umsebenzi wenziwa nge isiqalo okusezingeni eliphezulu. Umfundi iba yokuqala. On umyalo "Qaphela!" Le nhlangano yenkolo yokulwela umfundi eyeka futhi ubonisa ukuthi uzimisele ukubalalela ukusebenzisa. Qala ezihambayo ku-treadmill kungaba nje umyalo "Hamba!" Eyokuqala ukuqedela lowo phambi kwabantu uyakuphikwa uthinte indiza ngamehlo engqondo entanjeni.

abafundi abasebasha futhi intsha unqobe amabanga 30, 60 m, futhi esikoleni esiphakeme, ukuhlolwa saziso esezingeni isivinini nokukhuthazela isivinini run amamitha 100. Amazinga abafundi: abafana - 13.8, 14.2, 15.0; amantombazane - 16.2, 17.0, 18.0.

100 Amamitha emayunivesithi

amazinga Khomba emfundweni ephakeme akunakwenzeka, ngoba amanyuvesi kuhluke specialisation yabo. Uma thina lapha asikhulumi ngama-ngokomzimba eyunivesithi noma esikoleni sobusosha, lizinga "amamitha 100" (egijima esikoleni esiphakeme) kuyoba cishe kuyafana for abafundi kwebanga le-11. Ngezinye Faculty of Sekutivocavoca ukwamukela imiphumela 12.8 imizuzwana futhi 14.5 abafana - for girls. Izikole lempi hamba guys ukusebenzisa ibanga 13.6 noma 14.2 imizuzwana. Emantombazaneni sikhatsi lesengetiwe 16 futhi 16,6 imizuzwana.

Njengoba izidingo zezemfundo abafundi ukuba babe eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, egijima amamitha 100 (ngemihlahlandlela abafundi) ezikoleni ezingekho okusezingeni eliphezulu Kunconywa ukuba 12,8-13,4 imizuzwana for abafana ngoba 15,3-16,0 - wobulili fair. Lezi zibalo kancane izikhungo ezahlukene ezikhethekile.

Amazinga servicemen

Kunzima ukucabanga impi ngaphandle isesimeni esihle ngokomzimba. Okubuthakathaka, umyalo abampofu karate nokusingatha izikhali, kancane ukugijima wasehhovisi noma isosha alikwazi ukwenza empini. Ngakho-ke, imfanelo ngokomzimba kwabasebenzi - isihloko ngokukhethekile ahlomile amabutho ubuholi. Uhlelo lokuhlolwa kokufaneleka ngokomzimba lamaphoyisa uhlanganisa egijima amamitha 100. Regulations zamasosha, kuye ngokuthi yobudala, amasekhondi 13,0-13,8 ngokuthi "omuhle kakhulu", 13,4-14,6 - "okuhle" futhi 14,2-15,2 - "eyanelisayo".

Isikhathi eyinhloko umsebenzi

Ngemva kwesikole, ezikhethekile yesibili imfundo noma ngaphezulu, esekhonze wezempi, le nsizwa ethola umsebenzi. Ngalesi sikhathi, abanye abantu abaqhubeka beziphatha umsebenzi ngokomzimba kwezempilo ekuthuthukiseni noma ezemidlalo, futhi ukuba othile womsebenzi womzimba esikhathini esidlule futhi usalokhu egijima amamitha 100, futhi umthwalo okungu ihlale kuphela kumemori.

Ongoti isiko ngokomzimba futhi odokotela bakholelwa ukuthi kungcono ukuba uqhubeke ukubhekana, njengoba umzimba okunenzuzo ukuba inhliziyo, umgudu wokuphefumula, kwenyuswe ukuthuthukiswa ukukhuthazela, amandla nobunzima futhi uxazulule izinkinga.

A indima ebalulekile ekulondolozeni ukuma idlala egijima eyikhulu namashumi amamitha. ukugijima Daily ngisho ukusiza ukunciphisa umzimba, kodwa ngaphambi ukuqeqeshwa udinga kudokotela.

Kufanele Ngaba matasa yokuzithokozisa ngokomzimba ukugxila amazinga? Lutho impendulo kunzima, ngoba umuntu ngamunye - ubuntu. amazinga Othile kubonakale kulula kakhulu, futhi omunye uhola izakhiwo ngenxa yokuthi imiphumela yayo musa kuhambisane ejwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, egijima amamitha 100, okuyinto amazinga ngempela high, kufanele kwenziwe umthetho owodwa: uma imiphumela kusasa ngeke kube ngcono ukuwenza kunokuba namuhla. Kufanele siqondiswe ku wena impilo yakho, kunokuba izinkomba okulinganiselwa ku.

Noma kunjalo, kufanele wazi izindinganiso, okungenani self-imfundo. Kungcono ukuthola lokho impumelelo abelwa imikhakha yezemidlalo iziqu. Ngakho, amazinga 100 Amamitha (Abesilisa):

• 3 kancane: 12,94;
• 2 osenyameni: 12,04;
• 1 kancane: 11,44.

Isilinganiso kwaba 100 Amamitha kwabesifazane futhi incike amakhono:

• 3 kancane: 15,04;
• 2 osenyameni: 14,04;
• 1 kancane: 13,24.

amarekhodi emhlabeni

Irekhodi lokuqala emhlabeni ngoba "amamitha ayikhulu" ukufakwa 1912 Don Lippinkot, wanqoba ibanga e 10.6 imizuzwana. Kamuva baba ompetha Kelvin Smiz (9.93), uCarl Lewis (9.92), Leroy Barrell (9,9) Usain umshudo (9,69).

Umhlaba irekhodi umnikazi phakathi kwabesifazane 1988 baba Florence uDelores Griffith, egijima amamitha 100 10,49 imizuzwana. Ngaphambi kwalokhu Bekumnandzi Evelyn Ashford, kodwa imiphumela yako ziphansi ngu 0,27 imizuzwana.

Izimo for ukugijima

Ukugijima kuthuthukisa impilo, kodwa la makilasi alulona olwawo wonke umuntu. Ngakho, ukusebenzisa kungakhathaliseki ibanga obuphelele kuthiwa esiphikisayo bonke labo abaphethwe izifo zenhliziyo (ukuhluleka okungamahlalakhona, ukukhubazeka), umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Futhi ku le-treadmill ungashiyi abantu ukulimala umgogodla kanye nezifo ezingamahlala khona esigabeni oyingozi.

izakhamuzi Healthy ngesikhathi ebaleka kudingeka ukuqapha isimo sempilo futhi ulungise umthwalo. Kungcono uma amakilasi izobanjelwa beqondiswa ngomfundisi abanolwazi.