Umlando Pakistan ngo-1962

Ngo-July 1962, uyekwa umthetho karate futhi ubeke endaweni nguhulumeni lempi athuthukile lesisekelo sombuso esitsha. Inikeza umongameli owaba Mohammad Ayub Khan, amandla omkhulu kokubili esiphezulu kanye nangokushaywa kwemithetho. UMthethosisekelo enikeziwe isimiso ukhetho ongaqondile kwesiShayamthetho umongameli. It wavunyelwa ukuba usebenze izinhlangano zezombusazwe, yayikhona ngokomthetho ngaphambi Okthoba 1958 (CAT aqhubeka uvinjelwe). Iqembu elibusayo seliphinde laba Muslim League, eholwa nguMengameli Ayub Khan. Nakuba uMthetho-sisekelo usungula federal izinhlobo zohulumeni, ke usanda kwethula lento izakhi abalulekile Unitarianism ukuthi kuphulwe umthetho kuwo izithakazelo ngokuyinhloko East Pakistan. Umonakalo kuye, ngubani yayinabantu kunenani West Pakistan lasetshenziswa njengoba ukumelwa okulinganayo izifundazwe ezimbili in the ephakathi ephalamende unicameral. Kepha ama-apharathasi isimo, ikakhulukazi abaphathi bayo abaphezulu, le Bengalis waqhubeka ke encane kuphela ingxenye. Ukuze uhulumeni - uhulumeni kanye nomongameli ngokukhethekile - wahlala prerogatives ububanzi, kanye nokwenzeka uhulumeni wesifundazwe kutsymi kakhulu. Ekugcineni, ibhizinisi nebengalsky enkulu Pakistan balondoloza isikhundla oqinile emnothweni ezisempumalanga kanye kungenzeka ukuthonya uhulumeni yezomnotho lentuthuko e-East Pakistan. Konke lokhu kubangelwa Ukunganeliseki okukhulayo ne izingqimba ehlukahlukene sabantu Bengali. Ngemva ukusikhohlisa engxenyeni yokuqala ka-60s kabusha lingakunika amandla ukunyakaza kazwelonke e West Pakistan, lapho konke isibe izimfuno kuthandwa esikhundleni isifundazwe eyodwa West Pakistan izifundazwe wadala ku ngokolimi (isb. E. kaZwelonke) isisekelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ne okubi kakhulu of umbuzo kazwelonke ePakistan babe ezikhulayo ukuphikisana komphakathi kubangelwa ukuthuthukiswa olunzulu capitalism ngenkathi sigcina izinsalela ahlukahlukene pre-Capitalist. Ikakhulukazi resonance okukhulu kwaba ukuqashelwa olusemthethweni ukuvela okusheshayo ukukhula monopolies futhi monopolistic Pakistani elite onxiwankulu Pakistani. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, lokho kwakusho ukuwa ukukhohlisa okwandile mayelana ekhethekile "indlela Islamic yentuthuko" Pakistan, kakhulu futhi zokubusa ngesimiso sokusebenzela uhulumeni kanye ne-capitalism, eyayibonakala kusekelwa ze olusemthethweni.

Ukwanda eziphikisanayo yezenhlalakahle nomthelela Ukuwohloka isimo sezomnotho Pakistan engxenyeni 60s wesibili ngenxa yezinguquko izimo emakethe zomhlaba kosozimali emakethe kanye nemiphumela enqala ukuze umnotho we empini nge India ekwindla ka-1965 Ngemva kwalokho uhulumeni Ayub Khan zinciphise izindleko ukuthuthuka komnotho kanye nezidingo zomphakathi. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemva 1965 waqinisa embuthweni wezabasebenzi kuleli zwe. Sifake umfutho ukusebenza umfundi.

Umlando Pakistan ngo-1962