Maxim Gorky, "Umama": isifinyezo. Ukuhlaziywa kule noveli "Umama" Gorky sika

Wethule ukunakwa yakho inoveli ukuthi wenza Gorky - "Umama", sifinyeto ukuhlaziya yakhe futhi. Lo msebenzi yanyatheliswa okokuqala e-United States (1906-1907 GG.). Nge Ukuhlanekezelwa abalulekile ukucwaninga ezweni lethu, yanyatheliswa 1907-1908 GG. Kwaba ngemva Revolution-1917 - njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni.

Andrei Nakhodka

Andrew Onisimovich Nakhodka (Andrew - "Little Russian") - komhlaba abavukeli, Nilovna yokutholwa indodana nomngani Pavel vlasov. Uyena Ukrainian-intandane uyingane yokutholwa (njengoba kuboniswa igama uhlamvu), "engumlanjwana". Igama lakhe lisho ukuthi ukuthi 'indodana bonke abantu,' ufanekisela lwesintu, "ekuqaleni jikelele uyingxenye yokuhlasela okwabakhona, wayefuna ugcizelele Gorky (" Umama ").

Isifinyezo noveli liqukethe imicimbi elandelayo.

ukubopha

The hero eveza umqondo wezwe elingaphansi ubuzalwane bomhlaba wonke abasebenzi, equkethe izinkomba iVangeli. Nilovna uyimema ukuphila emakhaya abo. Ngenxa yalokho search kuba sobala ukuthi u-Andrew uthembele kakade kabili kulo kuqulwa icala lakhe ngoba ubugebengu zezombusazwe. Waphinde waboshwa, kodwa wadedelwa ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Ngo ingxoxo naye Nilovna umuzwa olusha umama human jikelele, ukhonkolo, ngisho umqondo ezingaqondakali. Lokhu uhlamvu kuthatha ekubulaweni Isaya Gorbova, impimpi zendawo hlola iqhaza engesobala. Ubizwa uletha ukuhlupheka kakhulu engqondweni, nakuba Andrey futhi uyasiqonda isidingo ukubhubhisa lezi "Judases". Ngesikhathi ukuboniswa ngo-May 1, nguye okuningi kangaka ngoPawulu, othwala banner, futhi bayaboshwa. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka leli cala, Andrew uthola emva ngamazwi uPawulu, kodwa wabe esefuna engalali ithuba lokukhuluma. Abangane ndawonye wagwetshwa bedingiselwe eSiberia.

Nilovna

Vlasov Pelagia Nilovna - Heroine, ogama lesithombe lalifanekisela enovelini Russian. Lihlobene nokubhekana ubuso "abantu", bezibona jikelele imicimbi. Dynamics imvelo Nilovna okuhloswe ukubonakalisa izinguquko kule Psychology zabantu. Indlela ayeyithanda ngayo indodana yakhe ishintsha ibe nothando kubantu abavamile nje. Wokuphika wezepolitiki asebenzayo eqondana kule uhlamvu futhi incazelo yobuKristu. Revolutionary Movement kwamkhanyela ukuthi njengoba ukunyakaza "abantwana". Yena, njengomama, akuyena ongenakuzwelana + kuye, uphawula ukuthi Gorky ( "Umama").

Isifingqo iqhaza kule noveli umlingiswa oyinhloko elandelayo. Nilovna ekuqaleni kwendaba engaba ngu-40, kodwa kubonisa isalukazi, kusukela zonke ekuphileni wahlala ilindele eshayayo.

Indodana yakhe uPawulu ngemva kokushona komyeni wakhe ayefuna siphile, "ufana nobaba." Owesifazane uncenga kuye hhayi ukwenza kanjalo. Kodwa lezi zinguquko okwenzeka endodaneni ukumesabisa. Ukubona abangane bakaPawulu, Nilovna angikholwa ukuthi it is "kungavunyelwe abantu". Zibonakala uhlamvu scary. Nilovna uPawulu unikeza ukuthatha abaqashile Andrew, empeleni babe umama ngaye. Ngemva abangane baboshwa, wazibonela a umuzwa wokuba nesizungu, njengoba ejwayele nokuxhumana nabantu abasha.

Distribution lamapheshana

Abangane indodana izinsuku ezimbili ngemuva kokuboshwa kwakhe, ngiyosiza ukusabalalisa amapheshana efektri. Eqaphela ukuthi ingafunda azingenwa uPawulu ukubazindlekela, it ihambisa abahwebi okucashile ukusebenza izincwadi ezenqatshelwe. Lapho Nakhodka ibuyisela ejele, yena amtshele ngalo, ukuvuma ukuthi kuphela ecabanga ngendodana yakhe, isebenza kuphela kusuka uthando lukamama.

Isifinyezo noveli Gorky sika "Umama" siqukethe imicimbi elandelayo okwalandela. Kancane kancane, ubuka labo abeza ukuvakashela u-Andreya, Nilovna ingqondo iqala ukuxhuma bonke laba bantu kule ngobuso bukaKristu efana ongashadile. Yena kancane uyaqaphela ukuthi kunesidingo sokuba "impilo entsha." Ngemva kokuzwa ukuthi la scammer Gorbov bashonile kwathi lapho u-Andrei ngokungaqondile abathintekayo kulesi, Nilovna wathi akekho sangenza ngazizwa ngimlandu, nakuba bamangale amazwi akhe, ngokuphambene umoya wobuKristu.

Rybin

Ngesikhathi ukuboniswa ngo-May 1, ibhekisela kubantu ukhuluma 'imbangela ongcwele ", enxusa abantu hhayi ukuze bashiyele abantwana babo ngale ndlela kuphela. Ngemuva kokuboshwa kwala abangane Nilovna ifektri settlement sathuthela edolobheni. Ngemva kwalokho eya emzaneni ukusungula zamalinki yokwanda kwezincwadi. Lapha, i-Heroine ihlangabezana Rybin, umakhelwane wangaphambili ngubani owayeyaluzisa abalimi, simenze izincwadi. Ukubuyela edolobheni, Nilovna iqala ukuletha emizaneni ezivinjelwe, amaphephandaba kanye amapheshana. It uhlanganyela umngcwabo Yegor Ivanovich, izinguquko kanye Countryman wakhe. Lezi emngcwabeni seligcinwa kokuhilizisana amaphoyisa emathuneni. Nilovna elisusa nensizwa amanxeba awathola futhi nasemini ngimnakekela, lokho usitshela umsebenzi Gorky sika "Umama".

Isifingqo okwengeziwe izenzakalo kakhulu. Nalapha kenye indawo emva kwesikhashana, ayekubuka ukuboshwa Rybin futhi wayefanele anikele incwadi bamlethela ngephutha hit umlinyana, iphakathi kwazo inkulumo-ze. Ngemuva kokuvakashela uPawulu esejele, Heroine sihamba ukuthi nothi nesu lokubaleka, kodwa indodana wenqaba ukusebenzisa abuye abhale ngakho e inothi ukubuya. Nokho, amalungu komhlaba wakwazi ukuhlela ukuphuma kwezinga Rybin futhi esinye isiboshwa. Nilovna, ngesicelo sakhe, wavunyelwa eceleni abukele salokhu yokuphunyuka.

isiphetho

Owesifazane khona ngesikhathi sokuthethwa kwecala likaPawulu nabangani bakhe, bese eletha umbhalo enkulumweni kaPawulu emaphephandabeni komhlaba, ibizwa ngokuthi ukuba bangahambi naye kuzo emzaneni lamakhophi asenyathelisiwe. Esiteshini, yena uyalibona ukubhekwa. Eqaphela ukuthi ukuboshwa kungagwenywa cha, kodwa angafuni amapheshana ngeze, yena uphosa wabayisa isixuku. Ngashaywa le awukudla amaphoyisa owesifazane impassioned inkulumo kwabanye. imisebenzi Finale Akucaci ngokuphelele. Mhlawumbe Nilovna uyafa. Ngakho uphela noveli Gorky "Umama". Isifinyezo sezenzakalo eziyinhloko kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Pavel vlasov

Vlasov Pavel Mihaylovich (Paul) - indodana umlingisi losemcoka, owaba uchwepheshe wamavukelambuso lezinceku isisebenzi. prototype wayo bakhonza njengendikimba VP ihholo Sormovo isisebenzi. Isiphetho hero lihlotshaniswa uphawu yomhlatshelo kwenhlawulo. Ngo igama layo, ungabona inhlansana yokuthambekela zifana ngendlela umphostoli, ngoba ekuqaleni umkhiqizo yabonisa ushintsho olukhulu empilweni ka hero efektri Man elula selande laze laba walilwela kwezombangazwe, yini kusitshela Gorky ( "Umama").

Isifinyezo ngezenzo zayo phambili kulo okukhiphayo wamavukelambuso.

imisebenzi Revolutionary Paul

isenzo sakhe sokuqala juqu - Ukumelana ukushaywa zoyise. Uyise, ubesebenza njengodokotela wezifo umakhenikha, Mihaila Vlasova, enganakile umbhikisho yezenhlalakahle lukhumuzeka ku ukuziphatha kobudlova nokudakwa.

Ngemva kokufa kwakhe, hero abazama ukulingisa kuye, kodwa umhlangano emjikelezweni komhlaba ngokuphelele eshintsha ukubukeka kwayo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle esisho M. Gorky ( "Umama").

Amazwibela zezinhloko imicimbi yesikhathi esizayo ukuphila kwalesi uhlamvu olandelayo. Endlini kaPawulu uqale ukuhlela imihlangano ezihilela Andrei Nakhodka Nikolay Vesovschikov, indodana ka isela, uthisha uNatasha, Fyodor Sizov, osebenza efektri, nabanye. Akapholisanga maseko uxwayisa Nilovna ukuthi bonke ejele. Umonakalo obangelwa futhi austerity uPawulu kubonakale umama "Izigodlo". Ngokwesibonelo, ubiza ukulahla umndeni futhi injabulo ngenxa Andrew "ibhizinisi" futhi uyavuma ukuthi uma wenza leso sinqumo. Ngo ingxoxo unina Nakhodka libiza lesi uhlamvu "Iron Man". Paul Abangane usabalalisa amapheshana efektri. indlu yakhe yenziwe usesho, lokho usitshela Maxim Gorky ( "Umama").

Amazwibela zezambulo ezengeziwe ezilandelayo. Ngakusasa, ngemva kokukhuluma ne Stoker wamavukelambuso Rybin, ababefika bezombona. Uthi thina kumelwe "beveza ukholo olusha." Paul ukholelwa ukuthi kuphela ingqondo kungaba khulula indoda. Phakathi nempi, abasebenzi kanye nokuphatha kwemboni (indaba okuthiwa we "marsh penny") iqhawe ubiza phezu kwabo ukulwela amalungelo, uhlongoza ukuhlela isiteleka. Kodwa abantu Asisekeli kuye, uPawulu kokudabula ngenxa yakhe "ababuthakathaka."

Uboshwe ngesikhathi ebusuku, kodwa ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa yokukhululwa. Abangane abuthele ukugubha-May 1, uPawulu kwenzekani ngesikhathi ukuboniswa banner. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, waboshwa e eziningi nabanye abaholi (abantu abangaba ngu-20). Lokhu uqeda Ingxenye yokuqala. UPawulu wabe livela kuphela esahlukweni sokugcina, esigabeni zokwahlulela. Lapha enikela inkulumo oveza uhlelo lwakhe Social-Democratic. Izigwebo enkantolo hero ukudingiselwa eSiberia. Iphela kanjalo iminyaka ingxenye ezenzakalweni lo muntu okukhulunywa ngaye, bese inoveli Gorky ngokwalo, "Mama." Isifinyezo umsebenzi nokuhlaziya kwalo ethulwa ukunakwa kwakho.