AboMdabu base-Australia. Avstraliyskie Aborigeny - isithombe

Australian aboMdabu - izwekazi Native. Sonke isizwe esihlukaniselwe kusuka kwenye nokucwasa ngokwebala futhi kube yinto. Abantu bomdabu owaziwa ngokuthi kwabaThwa Australia. "Bush" kusho isikhala enkulu inala nezihlahla izihlahla ongaphakeme. Lezi zindawo zivamile izifunda eziningana Australia nase-Afrika.

Uhlolojikelele

Lalolo hlanga ukhuluma ulimi Australia. Kuphela abanye ke - ngesiNgisi. Avstraliyskie Aborigeny abahlala ikakhulu ezindaweni ukuthi zitholakala kude ngaphandle komuzi. Bona ingatholakala Central, North-West, North kanye North-Eastern izingxenye zaleli zwekazi. Ingxenye ethile lalolo hlanga uhlala emizini.

idatha entsha

Kwaphela isikhathi eside kwathiwa bazitshela ukuthi kwaboMdabu Tasmanian ziye zashintsha eceleni ezinye izizwe zabantwana Australia. Kwakuthinta kucatshangwa ukuthi sithethe okungenani eziyinkulungwane eziningana iminyaka. ucwaningo olusha lubonisa okuhlukile. Kwatholakala ukuthi ulimi Tasmanian Aboriginal linamagama amaningi ezivamile nge Australian nezinye nezandiso nezizwe zaseningizimu. Ebuhlangeni izizwe idatha abelwe eqenjini ehlukile. Basuke kubhekwe egatsheni lase-Australia Australoid uhlanga.

anthropology

Kulesi sisekelo AboMdabu base-Australia-Australia, izithombe okuyinto okusesihlokweni esithi teluhlobo efanayo isici. Yena onezici ezithile. AboMdabu Australia liye laveza zezimfanelo ezenza umuntu abe eziyinkimbinkimbi Negroid. I engavamile lomuThwa kubhekwe skull ngokwanele okukhulu. Kuphinde futhi kube ubonakala izinwele ephakeme athuthukile. Manje Sekutholakele ukuthi Avstraliyskie Aborigeny baka emncintiswaneni efanayo. Nokho, lokhu akusho ukubeka eceleni ithonya labanye. Ngoba inkathi okuxubile imishado kusakazwa mkhuba ejwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi amagagasi kufuduka kulelivekati bekulokhu ambalwa. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona abalulekile isikhawu sesikhathi. Kwatholakala ukuthi ngaphambi European ikoloni isikhathi endaweni yase-Australia, ikhaya lenqwaba zabantu abo. Ukuze eqondile - ezihlukahlukene ezingaphezu kwamakhulu ayisithupha. Ngamunye wabo ukuxhumana ngolimi lwabo futhi lwesigodi.

Life of AboMdabu base-Australia

KwabaThwa abanalo izindlu noma izindawo zokuhlala, abanakho izilwane ezifuywayo. Abomdabu ungasebenzisi izingubo. Bahlala ngamaqembu ahlukene, ogama Ukwakheka ingase ihlanganise abantu ayisithupha. Avstraliyskie Aborigeny babe ngisho inhlangano tribal aphansi. Futhi ulahlekile amakhono abaningi elula ukuthi ukuhlukanisa abantu ezilwaneni. Ngokwesibonelo, abakwazi ukubamba inhlanzi, ukwenza izitsha, thunga izingubo ngokwabo kanye nabanye. Nokho, manje-ke ongayenza labo yebo izizwe abahlala ezindaweni ezingamahlathi wilds-Afrika. Ekhulwini XIX, Kwakuseshwa ucwaningo olufanele. Khona-ke ososayensi wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi aboMdabu ye-Australia ngesikhathi umngcele ezithile phakathi kwezilwane nabantu. Lokhu kungenxa savagery okwakusobala ukuthi zikhona. Okwamanje, i-Australian aboMdabu - kummeleli isizwe emuva kakhulu.

Inani labantu zomdabu

Kuyinto kancane kuka abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingamakhulu amane. Yiqiniso, lokhu idatha ubudala, ngoba ukubalwa kwabantu kwenziwa iminyaka engaba yishumi edlule. Leli nani lihlanganisa nalabo abomdabu enihlala endaweni zaseTorres Strait ezicezile. Zabomdabu labantu - abantu mayelana abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nesikhombisa. Abomdabu Local zihlukaniswa bezinye Australia. Okokuqala, lokhu kungenxa Emasiko. Sinenkosi nezici eziningi esifana ngakho Papuans futhi baseMelanesia bayithanda kabi. Okwamanje, iningi AboMdabu base-Australia siphile ngezithukuthuku izimali charitable wombuso aid. izindlela bezinga balahlekelwa cishe ngokuphelele. Ngakho, isigaba ukuhlangana, ukudoba nokuzingela bengekho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, engxenyeni ethile abomdabu, abahlala eziqhingini zaseTorres Strait, has a isandla kwezolimo. IZINKOLELO zezinkolo zendabuko zase iqhubeka. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo Aboriginal:

1. Barrineansky.
2. Karpentariysky.
3. Myurreysky.

Ukuthuthukiswa nabazibandakanye European

Usuku olunembile zokuhlala Australia ingakamiswa aqine. Kusolwa ukuthi lokhu kwenzeka eziningana eminyakeni eyinkulungwane edlule. Australia okhokho avela South-East Asia. Bakwazi ukuze nginqobe obunye amakhilomitha ayisishiyagalolunye yamanzi izingozi. Sawubona wakhonza khona njengenceku Pleistocene eshalofini ezwekazini. Ezwekazini khona Dingo inja. Cishe, lokhu kwakubangelwa inflow ezengeziwe kwababaleki owafika ngemikhumbi acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezinhlanu edlule. Lokhu kungenxa ukubonakala umkhakha itshe. Ngaphambi kokungenela ohlobo European zobuhlanga kanye nesiko AboMdabu base-Australia kungenzeka ngiziqhayise ngempumelelo kwemvelo.

Phakathi ikoloni

BaseYurophu efika lapha ekhulwini XVIII. Ngaleso sikhathi, inani AboMdabu base-Australia kwaba abantu abangaba yizigidi ezimbili. Ayavumelana amaqembu. Ukwakheka sabantu Australian esahlukile ngempela. Ngenxa yalokho, leli zwekazi bekulokhu izizwe abangaphezu kwamakhulu amahlanu. Bonke zihlukaniswa inhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi zezenhlalo. Isizwe ngasinye zazinemicikilisho ayo nezinganekwane. Avstraliyskie Aborigeny bekhuluma izilimi ezingaphezu engaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Isikhathi yokuba ikoloni ubephelezelwa ekubhujisweni ngamabomu lalolo hlanga. Avstraliyskie Aborigeny zaphucwa izindawo zabo. Baxoshwa e nezindawo zemvelo ezabe zincishwe amathuba aleli zwekazi. I kwagqashuka lo mqedazwe nomthelela nokwehla elibukhali izinombolo zabo. Ngo-1921, ukwanda kwabantu e-Australia, ikakhulukazi bomdabu, kwakungeyona abantu abangaphezu kuka-amashumi amathandathu amawaka. Esikhathini esizayo, umgomo kahulumeni ishintshile. Saqala ukwakha inqolobane evikelwe. Iziphathimandla ayehlelwe usizo lwezokwelapha nezezinto ezibonakalayo. Inhlanganisela yalawo izenzo kakhulu nomthelela yokuthi kwabantu sabantu -Australia anda.

ukuthuthukiswa okwalandela

Ayikho into okuthiwa 'abayizakhamuzi Australian ", zazingekho kwaze kwaba sekuqaleni kuka-1949. eBrithani kwakubhekwa njengengxenye enkulu izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo. umthetho yanyatheliswa, owawuthi zonke abantu bomdabu Baba izakhamuzi zalapho. Wonke umuntu ozalwa ensimini ngemva kwalolo suku, kwaba kakade isakhamuzi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Eminyakeni 90, inani AboMdabu base-Australia kwaba nabantu mayelana amabili namashumi amahlanu amawaka. Lokhu nje ingenye futhi amaphesenti kwesigamu sabantu bezwe jikelele Imininingwane zaleli zwekazi.

izinganekwane Aboriginal

Indigenous Australia babekholelwa ukuthi nenhlalakahle is hhayi kuphela kungagcini ngokoqobo ngokomzimba. AboMdabu base-Australia wayekholelwa ukuthi kukhona izwe lapho okhokho babo engokomoya ehlala. Babekholelwa ukuthi ngokoqobo ngokomzimba siyohlala njalo ezingqondweni naye. Futhi ngenxa yalokho abanakho kwamanye ithonya ngamunye mutual. Kwakukhona yokuthi ezulwini iyindawo lapho kokubili lezi imihlaba. On the ukunyakaza of the Moon kanye Sun kuthinte isenzo okhokho bethu abangokomoya. Kwathiwa babekholelwa ukuthi bakwazi ukuthonya futhi umuntu ophilayo. indima enkulu izinganekwane Aboriginal ukudlala mayelana nezinto zasemkhathini, izinkanyezi nokunye. D. Sekuyisikhathi eside Abavubukuli nezazi-mlando wahlanganyela esifundweni imvuthuluka eliqukethe kwabaThwa imidwebo. Kuze kube manje akucaci ukuthi uchazwa idwala imidwebo. Ikakhulukazi, kungaba izinto ezingcwele noma ezinye izithombe kusuka ekuphileni kwansuku zonke? AboMdabu base-Australia possessed olunye ulwazi mayelana esibhakabhakeni. It yasungulwa ukuthi obuzama ukuyisebenzisa zasemkhathini ikhalenda kokusebenza. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ulwazi lokuthi wayeseholela ngandlela-thile exhunywe ne izigaba egcwele. It is eyaziwa ezama ukusebenzisa izinto ezingcwele ukuze navigation wayengekho.