1147 - iyini isikhathi sokusungulwa kweMoscow?

"I-Pantheon yamaMbusi aseRussia" iqukethe ulwazi ukuthi izizwe zokuqala ezisemkhakheni weMoscow zanamuhla zazitholela lezi zinsimu cishe ngonyaka ka-880. Izazi eziningi zibuza lo mbuzo: 1147 - yikuphi ikhulu lokusungula umbuso waseRussia? UMfula waseMoscow kulezo zinsuku wawubizwa ngokuthi igama elihle nelingu-Samorodinka, futhi ogwini lwaso lwaseRussia u-Oleg wakha idolobha elincane i-Neglinny. Okwenzekile ngemuva kwalokhu kungabonakali, kodwa kusukela ngaleso sikhathi uRusich akazange ashiye la mazwe.

U-Yuri Dolgoruky - umsunguli wenhloko-dolobha

U-Prince Yuri Dolgoruky engxoxweni yakhe noSvyatoslav Olgovich, inkosi yamazwe aseChernigov, umema ukuba avakashele eMoscow ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli 1147. Emibhalweni yasendulo yaseRussia incazelo yale nkhulumomphendvulwano igcinwe, ngakho-ke u-Yuri uthathwa njengomsunguli waseMoscow. 1147 - kuyini le minyaka ngokuxhumana phakathi kobuningi bomakhelwane? Nakuba ngaleso sikhathi idolobha lalifana nendawo encane ehlanganisa imiphakathi eminingi eseduze: iSushovo, Kulishki, Vysotsky, Kudrino, Simonovo, Vorobyevo. Isikhulu yena ngokwakhe wayehlala endlini ka Stepan Kuchko, lapho manje kukhona uCistye Prudy, futhi lapho kuvela khona umbhoshongo weKremlin, ngaleso sikhathi kwakungenalutho elingenakunqotshwa ehlathini elincane. Ekuqaleni esakhiweni somuzi omkhulu ngasekugcineni kwasungula insimu enkulu yaseKuchkovo, lapho kutholakala khona indoda ecebile ye-boyar Kuchka, kodwa ayikho, futhi inhloko yomndeni yabulawa kanye nomndeni wonke.

Umlando wokwakhiwa kwedolobha elikhulu

UMoscow wayekwakhiwa ngesineke futhi kancane kancane, futhi kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-13, lapho umbusi womuzi eba uDaniil, indodana ka-Alexander Nevsky, itafula lesigqila kanye nesembatho esichaza uGeorge the Victorious. Izikhulu zazinikela ngenkuthalo kwesiko lomndeni omusha : abafana abavela emndenini bazama ukubizwa ngokuthi nguYuri, behlonishwa ngumholi wabo odumile.

EMoscow ngaphansi kwe-Ivan Kalita

1147 - yiliphi lelikhulu leminyaka yokwakha i-capital capital yaseRussia? Ukuqala kwakhe kwemifula namandla eMoscow kufinyelela ngo-1319 kuphela, lapho kubusa u-Ivan Kalita. Lapho kudingekile, ubunzima bakhe bomlingiswa buphenduke ubuhlukumezeka, futhi umnotho, ukugabisa nokuthambekela kokuzindla isikhathi eside kwavumela isikhulu ukuba senze umuzi sibe isikhungo sezepolitiki nezomnotho, lapho kunqunywe khona izindaba ezibalulekile zombuso. Manje iMoscow yayingekho ngaphansi kweVladimir noma eKiev.

Futhi konke bekungeke kube yilokho; kodwa uBatu Khan ngo-1338 waletha nomlilo nokubhubhisa, futhi idolobha lalingabonakali kakhulu. Abantu baseRussia bebelokhu bekwazi ukuma beqinile ngisho nasezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, futhi eMoscow kamuva uba yinhloko yombuso waseRussia, ukugxila kwengcebo yayo yamasiko kanye namandla empi. Umlando womuzi uhlale ugcwele izigqoko, izingqungquthela kanye nezimfihlo, kodwa ososayensi baye bafakazela ukuthi ukuqala kwedolobha elihloniphekile kwakungaphansi kuka-Yuri Dolgoruk. I-1147 yikhulu leminyaka yokwakhiwa kwenhloko-dolobha yethu, kanye nokuqala kokuhlanganiswa kwezizwe eziningi zabantu zibe umbuso owodwa futhi ongenakunqotshwa.