Adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid: izimbangela, izimpawu, zokwelapha kanye prognoses

Adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid - kuyinto isimila esibulalayo esikhula esakha emangqamuzaneni yezindlala ka umdlavuza colon. I sigmoid ezimise kuso. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukusebenzisa zonke ukudla usuku anomthelela zishukumisa peristalsis. Uma umuntu ukuqunjelwa, kwesihlalo is acindezele odongeni colon sigmoid, okuholela izinkinga kwegazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, overgrowth lamaseli EPITHELIAL mhlawumbe ngenxa izinto ezibanga umdlavuza eziqukethwe indle. Kuyinto lezi izinto ukudlala indima ebalulekile umsuka zamangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Uyini ikholoni sigmoid?

Ithumbu Isintu sihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezimbili: ezincane nezinkulu. umnyango Colon lethiwa ngenxa inesikhala esikhulu. Guts we umnyango lisibekele emathunjini amancane.

emathunjini ezinkulu kuhlukaniswe eziningana:

• abayizimpumputhe;
• ikholoni;
• ziqonde.

ingxenye cecum has a inqubo, okuthiwa isithasiselo saleli Bhayibheli. ikholoni Sigmoid libhekisela engxenyeni umnyango omkhulu. Adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid kwande ngaphezu umdlavuza nezinye namathumbu. Ithumba okwahlonzwa cell imvuselelo, okuyinto aqukethe ngokuphelele epithelium yezindlala. Yingakho lesi sifo zivame ukubizwa ngokuthi adenocarcinoma.

ikholoni Sigmoid yisinyathelo emathunjini, lapho ugcina abancela amanzi emzimbeni, lokhu lapho kukhona kumiswa indle.

Ithumbu ngokwawo ingxenye c-ukuma lapho kahle ukudla, ngenxa yokuntula umsoco amaminerali kule ingxenye kwenzeka yokujama tsi indle. Lokhu kunengxenye ekwenzeni kahle kwegazi.

motility encishisiwe kungadalwa yizinto eziningi zonke izifo okungenzeka omsakazo ahlukahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa yokujama tsi of indle kungenzeka nge atony noma kungekho motility. Ngokuvamile, atony kungadalwa yobudala lesiguli. Hypoperistalsis kungenzeka futhi emva othola izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisebenzi, ngemuva kokubeletha, lapho sokungasebenzi. Kwakuyisikhathi lapho umzimba womuntu kubhekene esishaqisayo eqinile, njengoba umthetho, ziphawuleka ukwehluleka hormone.

Ezicashile isifo

Adenocarcinoma - ingenye izifo ezinzima kakhulu ngokuya izimpawu zokwelashwa kanye therapy okwalandela. Njengoba umphumela kaningi esiholela ekufeni. Waba yini umphumela lapho iphuzwa ngokweqile kungenzeka ngenxa metastases eziye zasakazekela umzimba, waqala ngenkuthalo akhule. Isibikezelo alichaza yokuthi kusaqalwa lesi sifo kwenzeka nge nezimpawu ezifanayo njengoba ne ukuqunjelwa. Indoda ezama aphathwe esebenzisa Nokho, imithi ehlukile, isimila bukhula futhi asathuthuka. Kwakuphakathi nesikhathi kuphela kamuva, lapho lesi sifo usuqalile kakade, isiguli ukhangwa ezingxoxo oncologist.

Futhi omunye ehilelekile ngaphezulu inkinga ebucayi. izimpawu zokwelashwa kuhilela Ukuhlola ingquza kanye ingemuva, isiguli umane onamahloni akafuni ukuba ahambe kudokotela wezifo. Yingakho komdlavuza siphela isikhathi. Kodwa isiguli kumele baqonde: ezincane isimila, uphethwe ngaphambili kwenzeka, ngakho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze uqale ukwelashwa. Ngenxa yalokho: umphumela kuyoba okunenzuzo kuze alulame ngokugcwele.

ngezigaba

Adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid ihlukaniswe izinhlobo eziningana. Ngamunye wabo has izici zayo siqu. Izinhlobo izimila:

1. Low-grade, yena ngokuvamile has a umbani-fast, ukugeleza leso sikhathi of course. Lolu hlobo esilaphekayo ngempela kunzima umhlahlo ezimweni eziningi ezingezinhle.
2. adenocarcinoma lolingene ikholoni sigmoid. Ukuze lolu hlobo izibikezelo kunalokho okuhle ngendlela engakholeki.
3. adenocarcinoma kakhulu umahluko kapopopo sigmoid, uhlobo izimila isamukele ukwelashwa nge izidakamizwa manipulations.

Kuye ngokushesha kangakanani akhule isimila esibulalayo, kukhona izigaba eziningana zokukhula:

1. Exophytic, kuyilapho siphawula ekukhuleni amangqamuzana omdlavuza kuphela mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi we-colon sigmoid. Lokhu kunomthelela luminal ukuvaleka, njengoba phetho: ukuqunjelwa njalo futhi ngathiyeka patency of indle.
2. Endophytic, kulesigaba ukukhula amaseli pathogenic zingene odongeni emathunjini.

nesigaba lesi sifo

Isici esibalulekile umehluko ekuhlonzweni izigaba unesimila izinhlobo nokubonakaliswa. Izinhlobo izimila emazingeni:

1. Isigaba sokuqala iqala abatelekile izilonda mucosal. I ethile enkulu sitholakele ukuthuthukiswa isifo asymptomatic.
2. In esigabeni sesibili amaseli abulalayo kancane kancane uqale ukuba bagcwalise muscularis Tunica. Kulokhu, indoda kugujwa ukuqunjelwa. Futhi kakade esigabeni sesibili ochwepheshe bathi ukukhula adenocarcinoma kuze 5 cm.
3. isigaba Okwesithathu ikhuthaza Ukungena lamaseli abulalayo zonke zamatshe emathunjini ezinkulu. In esigabeni sesithathu ingakamiswa asethuthukile Ukudlulela.
4. isigaba 4th noma adenocarcinoma egijima. Lena ukubonakaliswa sifo ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezinhlelo ezibanzi ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi esifanele, ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa ongoti. Ngesikhathi esifanayo sibangelwa Ukudlulela kwezinye izitho. Ukubikezela ngokuvamile okungekuhle.

izizathu

Izimbangela umdlavuza baningi futhi ezihlukahlukene. Okubaluleke kakhulu, zingabantu ezingalindelekile. imithi yesimanje akakwazi ngokuqondile ukuhlonza izimbangela adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid. Ungasabalalisa izizathu ezibangela emdlavuzeni amaqembu amaningana. Lezi zinto zibandakanya:

1. Yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla. odokotela abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ukungondleki kuyimbangela eyinhloko izinqubo anomthelela umdlavuza. Ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo eyingozi ukudla equkethe esiningi carcinogens, ezilwane, ama-fatty acid.
2. Ukuvuvukala emathunjini ezinkulu. Lesi sifo esiyingozi kakhulu umzimba izilonda emathunjini. Ngokuvamile lesi sifo singumbulali umbandela ungalokothi uphuze sokuthuthukiswa okwalandela umdlavuza. The eside lesi sifo, ukunganakwa ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi, kulapho kwandisa ingozi amaseli ebulalayo.
3. Polyp. I-Cancer Uhlelo polyp emathunjini ziyimbangela ungalokothi uphuze kakhulu ekuthuthukeni umdlavuza.
4. Isici bofuzo.
5. Injwayelo.
6. Kushisa bhé kule ndawo - ke ingenye yezimbangela ehamba phambili ikholoni adenocarcinoma.

ukuhlola

Ukuthola, ukuhlola isifo Uchwepheshe kusikisela isiqondiso izindlela eziningana ucwaningo, ngaphezu ukuhlolwa kwegazi, sezinyawo futhi umchamo:

1. Ultrasound uphethwe kuyasiza ngeso lengqondo izimila, kodwa akazivezi imbangela ukuthuthukiswa.
2. X-ray kanye Ngokuphambene, onguchwepheshe ubheka degree of ukugqagqana kapopopo sigmoid.
3. MRI, noma i-magnetic resonance imaging. Isiza ukuhlonza khona umdlavuza, wathi imisuka wakhe.
4. Fibrocolonoscopy. Ukutadisha emathunjini ezinkulu usebenzisa idivayisi ekhethekile - iphenywe. Kulokhu, uchwepheshe ungaphawula ngokunembile ubukhulu yesimila, ukulinganisa degree of ukuvaleka mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi emathunjini, ukuthola imbangela.

symptomatology

Esigabeni sokuqala isimila ukukhula ngesikhathi isifo asymptomatic. Yingakho uphethwe esifike ngesikhathi futhi ukuthola izimila kuyinkinga.

I ukubonakaliswa yokuqala kungase iziyaluyalu wokugaya ukudla: Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuqunjelwa, ukubuyisa. Lezi izimpawu isiguli kungenzeka kudidaniswe iziyaluyalu evamile wokugaya ukudla, yingakho kulesi sigaba yomkhankaso kudokotela ubeka nesineke. Yobunzima kulolu cwaningo ngenxa yokuthi, lapho ikholoni sigmoid ikhona. Izimpawu igciwane akusho sibonakalise kusaqalwa.

Ngenxa ebulalayo isimila ukukhula nokuthuthuka ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo ye isifo siba wehlukile. amanothi Sibekezele:

1. Ubuhlungu uhhafu kwesokunxele. Kancane kancane abe ebekezelela ubuhlungu, lokhu kuyinkomba egqame bha yokuphathwa kudokotela.
2. Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo nokuhlanza.
3. Ukuvuvukala.
4. Isifo sohudo noma ukuqunjelwa. Usuqhubekile ubuswa ukuqunjelwa, lokhu kungenxa kokuncishiswa we Isikhala sayo esingaphakathi sigmoid ikholoni.
5. Amanyela emkhandweni sezinyawo, igazi, ubomvu kanye isikhwehlela.

ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo Evamile

Common ukubonakaliswa emitholampilo nobuntu adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid kukhona ubuthakathaka, okusheshayo kwesisindo, ezinye iziguli ngenxa isimila ukopha igazi.

Inkinga enkulu yokuthi yisishiso ukuthi yenzeka ngaphakathi komgodi, liyafana nomdlavuza kapopopo sigmoid. Yingakho ngo-ukubonakaliswa ukuxilongwa emitholampilo mhlawumbe eyiphutha.

At the stage of Ukudlulela Ukudlulela zidlule umzimba ezitsheni, bendlale phezu kwamanzi. Indawo yokuqala abulalayo cell ukukhula, okuyinto iSifo udokotela, kukhona e-lymph, futhi kuphela ke iqala isifo parenchymal izitho. Umonakalo eziyinhloko isibindi kuyadingeka.

ukulimala kwesibindi livezwa jaundice, ukunambitheka ababayo emlonyeni. Ingcweti bangahlola metastases ngu palpation. Kanti metastases ngesikhathi MRI, ultrasound.

ukwelashwa

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi omuhle nomphumela oqabulayo bungatholakala ngesikhathi yokwelapha, izigaba yokuqala neyesibili lesi sifo. Effect wafuna ngezithukuthuku ukuhlinzwa. Odokotela Abahlinzayo wenze ukususwa adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid.

izindlela kuhlinzwa izigaba eziningana:

• Esigabeni sokuqala kukhona ukususwa ngokuphelele izimila kanye igebe encane ikholoni sigmoid. Odokotela basikisela ukuthi ngempumelelo imiphumela yokwelapha ukususwa kuka-15 cm amathumbu, okuyinto ngezansi isimila nohhafu imitha okusezingeni eliphezulu. Uma kwakungekho isimiso, imikhawulo kungenziwa staple ndawonye. Uma kukhona ukuvimbela amathumbu, ekupheleni engezansi wamathumbu ibonakala udonga besisu kuya sezinyawo ingaboniswa isikhwama esikhethekile ukuqoqa.

• Kulesi simo, iziguli ukuchitha izinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngemva kwalokho ukungenela okuphindaphindiwe, kwenzelwa ukubuyiselwa egcwele ukusebenza evamile emathunjini ipheshana esiswini permeability. Ukunikeza kokungenela akunakwenzeka kuzo zonke izimo.
• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali nokushiswa kungenzeka emva kokungenela lokuqala nodokotela. Kuyinto ukuvimbela lokubuya kwesifo izifo. Ngemva Yiqiniso ngamakhemikhali kungenzeka ukuqhuba uzohlinzwa okwesibili.
• Ngemisebe njengendlela yokwelapha for sigmoid kungenzeka esikhundleni ngamakhemikhali.
• Ukuze banciphise ubuhlungu umuntu ezinqunyiwe izidakamizwa kwezidakamizwa. Uma lesi sifo isihambile esiteji, onalesi sifo esibi, kungenzeka ukuqokwa komgwamanda analgesics kwezidakamizwa. Ukuthola amalungiselelo izidakamizwa eqinile kungase kungabi unomphela, kumele kube ngcaphuno ngaphambi kokuthatha emahoreni ambalwa. Ezivamile analgesics buhlungu ukunqampunwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-colon sigmoid kudinga Ukungenela ngesikhathi esifanele kuka odokotela. Afundisa ukuthi uma wenza ukuhlinzwa emabangeni yokuqala futhi zesifo, nokususwa ngokuphelele izimila kunomthelela jikelele yokutakula nesineke. Uma nesigaba lesi sifo iqalisiwe, isiguli bayinake ukuvakashela isikhungo sokwelapha i-sitholakele isifo uma gone esiteji of Ukudlulela futhi onalesi sifo okungekuhle lesi sifo. Ukudlulela ayikwazi ukususwa nge ukuhlinzwa.

Adenocarcinoma kapopopo sigmoid: izibikezelo

Kungaphawulwa ukuthi onalesi sifo ukwelashwa Ithumba evamile evumayo. Uma lesi sifo sitholakale umuntu ngendlela esifike ngesikhathi, ngesikhathi kwenziwa lo msebenzi, ningaqiniseka ukuthi babuyele ngokugcwele adenocarcinoma. Izinga sokusinda iziguli ezingaphezu kwesigamu amacala. Uma sicabanga ukuthi iningi izinqubo yokuhlinzwa eyenziwa ezigulini yokuguga, kuba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu.

okutholakele

Uma kukhona ukusikisela kancane kule adenocarcinoma ukuqunjelwa imakwe unomphela, kunesidingo esiphuthumayo ukubona onguchwepheshe ukuxilonga izifo noma ukuqedwa kwayo okugcwele. Ukwelashwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokuvinjelwa kuzosiza ukunweba ukuphila isiguli kanye kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni izinga layo.

Ngokucophelela indawo ukuhlolwa akukwazi iziguli ujabule, esikhundleni kugujwa yobunzima. Umuntu ngamunye kufanele baqonde ukuthi udokotela - onguchwepheshe esizama ukusiza, futhi yobunzima okungalungile lapha. Omunye wacabanga ukuthi uphethwe ngesikhathi esifanele izimila kungaba ukunweba ukuphila, kufanele kube nenqubomgomo eliyinhloko ngaphambi kokudlulela kuchwepheshe.