Yerevan: Population futhi umlando omfushane edolobheni

Idolobha elikhulu Armenia futhi elinye lamadolobha amadala kakhulu emhlabeni namuhla has abangaphezu kwesigidi izakhamuzi. Igama lakhe lihlotshaniswa isizwe owayehlala ngesikhathi esisodwa kula mazwe ke namagama ababusi, uma hhayi legend of kukazamcolo. Inganekwane ethile ukuthi uNowa eziyihlazo wamemeza: "Hheyi Kwathi" "Erevats", okusho ukuthi, Usanda bebona izwe kanye neqiniso lokuthi imfucuza amanzi kazamcolo. Lo mcimbi kwenzeka nje endaweni lapho manje inhlokodolobha yase-Armenia. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, labantu Yerevan kudala ngomlando walo muzi izinkulungwane zeminyaka.

Kumila inqaba Erebuni

Idethi isisekelo edolobheni-inqaba Erebuni ngebhange kwesokunxele esigodini Ararati (ku emfuleni Araks) ubhekwa 782 BC. Inkosi yakwa-URARTU - isimo lasendulo, elalisendaweni ngaphakathi kwemingcele Armenia lanamuhla, empumalanga yeTurkey, enyakatho ntshonalanga Iran republic ezimele Azerbaijan, Argishti mina ngomnyaka wesihlanu wokubusa kwakhe, yasungula zokuhlala ezintsha, okuyinto kamuva kwakusetshenziswa njengendlela base nokuhamba endaweni iChibi Sevan futhi Ukuvikelwa nesigodi Ararati. Amanxiwa, ngokusho legend, baba isiphephelo we uNowa eziseBhayibhelini futhi umndeni wakhe kokubili zangaphambi kukazamcolo nangemva, zitholwe engxenyeni ntshonalanga yedolobha lanamuhla ngaphansi kwegama Yerevan.

Inani labantu base-inqaba ekupheleni lesishiyagalombili leminyaka BC zenzeka kakhulu iziboshwa (ngaphansi enye inguqulo - amaqhawe) kusukela ezifundeni entshonalanga yasethafeni Armenia, okuyilokho, eqinisweni, emsebenzini okuhlobene isisekelo edolobheni. irekhodi esiyisikhumbuzo wawo osele etsheni egqumeni futhi encwadini yezindaba zemihla ngemihla. labantu Yerevan sika ke kwaba 6.600. Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, le nqaba labhujiswa, ngemva kwalokho ubufakazi ebhaliwe edolobheni etholakalayo. Kuyaziwa ukuthi ngekhulu lesithathu leminyaka BC, Yerevan, labantu okuyinto ke ingeyamakhosi Christian noma umphakathi Manichean wayeqhubeka ephila ngaphansi kokubusa othile "umbusi."

Yisho ku "Encwadi Izincwadi"

Yerevan Medieval lalisendaweni yezimpi engapheli Iranian-zaseByzantium baba esihlalweni yokuvukela gqwa bendawo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kutholakala kukhulunywa okokuqala lomuzi imithombo Armenia - "Incwadi Izincwadi". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthi ekhulwini nane, lo muzi kwakunezakhamuzi esinabantu abangaba ngu nanhlanu ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili, Yerevan kwaba elaliyisikhungo esibalulekile kwamasiko yaziwa. Nokho, abantu balapha ukuthi kakhulu ziyancipha ngemva kokunqotshwa by Tamerlane, futhi ezinye izakhiwo ukuthi seziyizinto izikhumbuzo zomlando kwabhujiswa.

Arena WaseTurkey-Safavid izimpi

A umthelela sina ngesimo lokubala ubuningi babantu esifundeni kanye Ukwakheka kazwelonke sabantu abake baba impi okwadala umonakalo phakathi koMbuso WaseTurkey kanye Safavids, kanye abayimizulane, ababusi bendawo esetshenziswa ukuhlwanyela ukuxabana futhi kwehlise izakhamuzi zendawo ezinazo. Okuphawulekayo kwanciphisa labantu Armenia, futhi 1580 amabutho WaseTurkey cishe abhubhisa umuzi futhi athumba 60,000 amaSulumane namaKristu.

Iziphathimandla ezalandela ngaphambilini ukuhoxiswa zonke bendawo ukuze yasePheresiya Ottoman elizweni depopulated, nje kwashiswa yonke into endleleni yayo, izizwe ayimizulane ikoloni indawo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngekhulu leshumi nesithupha Yerevan (labantu nje zazinjalo izizwe ayimizulane), Karabakh futhi Ganja wathatha imikhaya abayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amahlanu, futhi ngokushesha inani izakhamizi wandise izikhathi eziningana.

Ngenxa yalokho izimpi eside, nokuntengantenga jikelele esifundeni 1804, wayehlala emzini ingqikithi abantu kungathi izinkulungwane eziyisithupha. Nokho, engamashumi amabili kamuva, inani labantu laliphakathi abantu abangaphezu kuka-amabini anamahlanu amawaka.

isifundazwe Erivan

Ulwazi kokuqala okubhaliwe mayelana inombolo kanye nokusungulwa yobuhlanga labantu Yerevan uvele Engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu nesishiyagalolunye, lapho umuzi waba inhloko-dolobha yesifunda Armenia ngaphakathi Russian Empire (kwakhiwa Yerevan, noma Erivan, esifundazweni isikhungo emzini Yerevan). Population (ubuzwe zamanje izakhamizi Kuchazwa kabanzi lapha ngezansi) ke kakhulu kuhanjiswe ku yasePheresiya, ukuba isibalo izakhamuzi zendawo yehlile, esibalelwa abantu 11 300 e-1833.

Ukwakheka kazwelonke we labantu kulo muzi (ngokuvumelana idatha ye-1829) ihlukaniswe kanje:

• Armenia ngokomthetho 36% womphakathi wendawo;
• Azerbaijanis babe cishe 64% of the izakhamuzi;
• IsiRashiya, Yezidi futhi Kurds edolobheni neze.

Ngu ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, inani labantu Yerevan liye landa ngendlela kubantu cishe izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu. Kuyaphawuleka washintsha kanye nokusungulwa yobuhlanga. Ngo-1897, kwakunabamemezeli abangu-43% we-Armenia, Azerbaijanis - 42%, Russian - 9,5%, Yezidis futhi Kurds - 0,22%, bezinye izizwe - 4,5%.

Njengoba ingxenye yoMbuso Russian futhi isimo edolobheni yesifundazwe Yerevan kulondoloza uhlobo emzaneni yesifundazwe. Ukukhiqizwa amakhono abangu emelelwa izimboni wendawo eziningana, izimboni isitini nogologo, futhi emigwaqweni emincane welulela izindlu udaka esalisekela futhi ezimbili storey.

Yerevan eSoviet Union

Ngenxa yokuthi kwase kumiswe amandla Soviet Yerevan yaba inhloko-dolobha Republic of Armenia. Ngokushesha waqala umuzi ovuselelwe emikhulu yedolobha:

• ugesi, amanzi kanye indle Kwakuseshwa;
• Cishe kuzo zonke izakhiwo ezakhiwa ngaphambi, libhujisiwe;
• labhubhisa ezitaladini entsha futhi ihlelwe ihlathi emasimini ukuthi ivikele lo muzi kusuka izivunguvungu uthuli;
• eyakhelwe izinto eziqondene namasiko: yeshashalazi, le Depository kwemibhalo yesandla yasendulo, iminyuziyamu kanye izikhumbuzo.

Ngaleyo minyaka ayenziwa Yerevan. Population, okuyinto esikhula ngokushesha, kwaba kuzwelonke ngamakhasimende. Ngakho, uma ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili, Armenia ngokomthetho 43% of izakhamuzi, kwase kuba nge-1959 inani labo sekuvamile 93%. Ngawo lowo nyaka, inani labantu Yerevan kwaba abantu abayingxenye yesigidi.

labantu yamanje

isikhathi Inexorable ayikwazanga ukusula idolobha ebalazweni - Namuhla inhlokodolobha yase-Armenia ozimele Yerevan. Inani labantu base-wemizi emikhulu yezwe has abangaphezu kwesigidi abantu, lokulandisa ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yazo zonke izakhamuzi isimo. Bangaphezu kuka-64% of the izakhamuzi -Armenia (labantu Armenia of abantu ababalelwa ezigidini ezintathu) bahlala emadolobheni amakhulu (Yerevan, Gyumri futhi Vanadzor), ukuze kuleli zwe kukhona ezingeni lelisetulu yokuphila yasedolobheni. e Yerevan kwesigamu sabantu bezwe jikelele ezisemadolobheni uhlala ngokuqondile.

ukwakheka kaZwelonke

Ngokusho ukubalwa kwabantu, labantu Armenia 2001 (okuyinto wokugcina idatha langempela), ukwakheka yobuhlanga uvezwa ngu maqembu:

• Armenia (98.5%);
• Russian (0.5%);
• Yezids (0.31%);
• Ukrainian (0.06%).

Futhi wathola e Yerevan, ePheresiya, Georgians, Kurds futhi abase-Asiriya.