Ferdinand Magellan futhi uhambo lokuqala emhlabeni wonke

Esikhathini ikota yokuqala yekhulu XVI. BaseYurophu ngezwa ngalokhu ingxenye kuze kube manje nhlobo ogwini yeNingizimu Melika ukuba khona strait ewumngcingo kuqala elalibizwa ngokuthi iKhanana Magellan. wabahloli Abanesibindi lokuqala sawela elwandle eliKhulu iPacific, baye bafakazela ukuthi umhlaba nxazonke, futhi ulwandle - yisikhungo esisodwa. Wabhekisa amabombo bomkhankaso uFerdinand Magellan, ogama biography ibilokhu wafunda abacwaningi abaningi, kodwa ulwazi litholakale mlando, impikiswano futhi Sinesithakazelo esikhulu emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka.

Kwendawo babelwazi usuku oluqondile lokuzalwa ka itilosi abadumile isiPutukezi neSpanishi ayisihloko mpikiswano. Izazi-mlando ushayele nemizana ezimbili, aze azalwe ngalo: Porto futhi Sabroza. Ferdinand Magellan wazalwa ngo-1840 emkhayeni ompofu kodwa yizicukuthwane zasebukhosini. Njengoba ikhasi, wayeyilungu we retinue seNdlovukazi Eleanor ka Viseu. Mhlawumbe kungenxa indlovukazi Portugal ukusiza ukugeleza izinsizwa esikoleni lokufundela ukushayela imikhumbi. Naval Izikhungo lamaphayona esizayo waqala ne iqhaza Eastern Expedition (1505) njengendlela isosha supernumerary.

Kukhona ulwazi mayelana mikhankaso, ofakelwe yonke injongo ukutadisha-Indian Ocean, okuthumela Magellan abasha. NoFerdinand sakhonza ezindaweni ezahlukene. Hhayi ubude kakhulu, kodwa eqinile emzimbeni futhi beqiniseka, waziveza neqhawe onesibindi ku izimpi zasolwandle futhi waklonyeliswa elisezingeni likakaputeni. Ngo-1513 kafushane wabuyela Portugal, futhi ngonyaka owalandela waya eMorocco, lapho wathola inxeba emlenzeni, bese eyayilimele konke ukuphila. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela kwempi, wabekwa icala lokudayisa ophikisayo ngasese wezempi ukukhiqizwa. Bethukutheliswe Ferdinand Magellan ngokuzithandela waya Portugal azivikele, kodwa lesi senzo ebangele intukuthelo yeNkosi uManuel I, futhi ngemva kokuthatha umhlalaphansi, sinqatshiwe ukwanda impesheni. Ucele ukuhlonza umkhumbi ukuthola izindlela ezintsha ulwandle yinkosi isiPutukezi akwenqaba.

Ferdinand Magellan wathutha eSpain, lapho yayikhona emva bargaining eside wathonyelwa isidingo nenzuzo kanye uhambo pliant ngaphezulu inkosi yaseSpain. The main injongo yokuhamba wayengekho okutholakele womhlaba, futhi le Moluccas - umthombo izinongo - "igolide" XVI leminyaka. Iziqhingi wamazwe kuhlelwe ukuze uthole indlela emfushane lisuka eMelika. ukubalisisa kwabo, obeka amakhadi ngasogwini yeNingizimu Melika libhubhisa amatilosi abaye bavakashela lezo zindawo, kwakungadingeki eyakhelwe kusuka ekuqaleni. A weqembu lemikhumbi lwemikhumbi ezinhlanu, zithwesiwe izibhamu, nezinye izikhali, kanye izimpahla ezahlukene ukudayisa, samuka Septhemba 20, 1519 izilingo Incredible okwakhuthazelelwa abantu 256 iqhaza kule nizungeze Regatta emhlabeni eholwa Magellan. Septhemba 6, 1522, eyodwa kuphela umkhumbi bakhathale okuthiwa "Victoria" neqembu elisebenza gaunt zabantu 18 wafikela ogwini Spanish. Emkhunjini wayengaselona indoda, sibonga ukuphikelela, amandla nesibindi lapho kwenziwa circumnavigation lokuqala emhlabeni. Explorer bese iphayona uFerdinand Magellan ngokwakhe akazange ukuqedela uhambo lokuzungeza umhlaba ukuze ngimkhazimulise emhlabeni, kusukela wangenela kule internecine feuds Aboriginal futhi wafa ngo-Ephreli 27, 1521 ku skirmish e Mactan Island.