Uyini sici kwendawo? izinto Geographical: amagama

Uyini sici kwendawo? Ingabe sicabanga khulula emi intaba enjalo, ulwandle port noma idolobha elikhulu? A lonke izwekazi? Ake sizame ukubhekana nale nkinga kulesi sihloko.

Uyini sici kwendawo: definition nezibonelo

Geography - isayensi study surface eMhlabeni futhi konke kwalo. Kuningi elise khona: imifula kanye namachibi, izintaba nolwandle, yokulima kanye zigodi enamadwala, imizi kanye nemizana amancane ... Kuyinto letintfo futsi aniketa umuntfu losebentelana esiyingqayizivele, ubuso awubufakazi iplanethi yethu.

Ngakho, liyini ezindawo inhlangano? Lokhu empeleni likhona futhi ebusweni azinzile isici emhlabeni. Zonke izinto kwendawo kuhluke ubuqotho, indawo ethize kanye kwabazali ukubeka imingcele yabo. Ngakho genesis yabo (imvelaphi) kungaba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene.

Isayensi geography, ukutadisha zonke lezi izinto, okokuqala kunakho konke, ubophekile ukuba baphendule imibuzo emibili esemqoka:

• Likuphi into?
• Wakwenza kanjani ibukeke?

Ukubona i-sici kwendawo kubaluleke kakhulu. Ezinye zazo walibumba eliqhakaze ngempela. Ngokwesibonelo, lapho ebhekisela ezinhlekeleleni LamaRoma Colosseum, noma edume imibhoshongo baseGibhithe ngo ekhanda lami ngesikhathi esisodwa kukhona "isithombe" okuhambisanayo.

Okunhlobonhlobo izinto ezindawo

Ngesisekelo imvelaphi, zonke izinto kwendawo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu:

1. Natural (kwezilwandle, izilwandle, izintaba, amachibi, nasemihumeni, amahlathi, amatshe, iziphethu, njll).
2. Okwenziwe umuntu noma ezenziwe umuntu (amazwe, emizini, emizaneni, izimboni, zezindela, amapaki, amachweba, ujantshi iziteshi, njll).

Noma isiphi isici ezindawo wenza ngokucophelela futhi wachaza ngokuningiliziwe, ekutholeni impahla yayo isici, kanye ukukala imingcele yayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukunquma iziqongo kwawo, ngoba imifula - Ubude zezindiza - umgibeli, njll

Uyini sici kwendawo? Unganikeza enye incazelo - elula, kodwa olunembile ngokwanele. izici Geographic - yinto ingachazwa ku emabalave lalula kwendawo. kanjani lokhu?

izici Geographic kumephu

tintfo letehlukahlukene emabalave lalula ziboniswa usebenzisa nezimpawu ezikhethekile. Lesi simiso eziklanyelwe izimpawu ingcaca kanye bobunjwa, okuvumela ukunikeza izici qualitative bobukhulu bezinto ezithile noma izenzakalo.

Zonke izimpawu cartographic zihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezine:

• isikali noma bhalobasar onek (wabuka amachibi asezintabeni, amahlathi, amasimu, njalonjalo.);
• scaleless noma iphuzu (izitshalo amandla, imithombo amaminerali, amathempeli Orthodox, njll);
• komugqa (emifuleni, emiseleni, emigwaqweni emikhulu, umngcele izindawo, njll);
• ochazayo (imibhalo eqoshiwe ehlukahlukene ngamazwi kwamanani).

Relief kumephu esibonisa nentaba nge - mncane imigqa brown yokuxhuma amaphuzu nge ukuphakama efanayo komhlaba. Arrows ekhethekile izinhlamvu ukunyakaza ukubonisa ezihlukahlukene zemvelo noma izenzakalo zenhlalo yomphakathi nezomnotho, ezifana isiqondiso yezokuthutha zasolwandle.

Amagama lezinto ezindawo

into ngayinye enjalo ine "igama." alo Futhi, njengoba umthetho, akusiyo okungahleliwe. Amagama ezindawo ngokujwayelekile ohambisana nesifanekiso izici zawo, indawo noma umlando.

Lolu cwaningo ngemvelaphi, incazelo nokuthuthukiswa (ushintsho) namagama ezindawo bekulokhu ehlukile isayensi - amagama endaweni. Lena isiyalo yesayensi empambana lwesifundo, umlando kanye yezilimi. Igama efanele into kwendawo kubaluleke kakhulu Abaklami bamabalazwe.

Kunezinhlobo eziningi namagama ezindawo: hydronyms (amagama emifuleni nasemachibini amaningi), amagama yokubeka (amagama nemizana), oronyms (igama landforms), godonimy (amagama emigwaqo), njll