US hlola indiza: incazelo kanye nezithombe

Amandla ahlomile-United States of America, ziphakathi kwezinye zezinto ezinamandla kakhulu futhi eziqine amabutho empi emhlabeni. Lokhu kufakazela inani elikhulu amasosha nezikhulu, kodwa futhi nani elihlaba umxhwele amasu ahlukene, phakathi okuyinto usesikhundleni esikhethekile endaweni hlola indiza US Air Force RC-135 nje kuphela. Lokhu aviamashina Nokho, njengoba ihlanganyela enkonzweni isikhathi eside impela, ngenxa njalo olwenziwe sesimanje agcwele, futhi kuze kube namuhla, izindlela ngempela zeselula kuyaphumelela beqhuba ezobunhloli. Yona futhi le ndiza uzobe okuxoxwe ngazo kulesi sihloko.

A amaqiniso ambalwa

Esachazwa US indiza kwesimo endaweni kuyinto iyunithi emoyeni maqondana nokuqoqwa, ukuphathwa kanye ngokucophelela idatha eyalandela iphuzu eliyinhloko. At inhliziyo amayunithi ukulwa izimfanelo lobuchwepheshe indiza Boeing C-135 Stratolifter. I-RC-135 imishini oluqanjwe izinkampani ezahlukene, phakathi abonakala: L-3 nokuxhumana, E-Systems, Jikelele Dynamics.

Ukudalwa sesimanje

Kusho iU.S. kwesimo endaweni izindiza ekuqaleni lakhiwa ukufaka esikhundleni esibhakabhakeni akusebenzi Boeing RB-50 Superfortress. Eyokuqala kuhlelwe ukwenza imishini eziyisishiyagalolunye, kodwa ekugcineni Basuka elihambayo izingcezu ezine kuphela. Bonke babengathembekile inguqulo ethuthukisiwe ye Boeing 739-700, njengoba wasebenzisa izinjini efanayo. Kulesi simiso ukugcwaliswa ukuthi adiliza ngokuphelele, futhi esikhundleni efakwe yayo amakhamera esetshenziselwa bethwebula kanye nezobunhloli.

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, inketho RC-135B senziwe inani imishini eziyishumi. Ngezinye base yabo wayebuye aerotanker. Njengoba i "abone konke iso" wasebenzisa ikhamera kanye radar SLAR ekhethekile.

Unyaka 2005 kwakuwunyaka obalulekile izindiza RC-135, njengoba nje kuvamile namanje wonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, eziye zabhekana ngcono okubalulekile (kwathathelwa indawo izinjini, imishini olwandle kanye nezinye izingxenye kanye nezinhlelo).

ukuxhashazwa

Udaba phambi kwethu US kwesimo endaweni izindiza ekuqaleni kwakungekaNkulunkulu US Air Force Strategic Command. Kodwa, kusukela ngo-1992, kube zabelwa Combat Command Air Force. Zonke lezi imishini nendawo unomphela emzini wabo - lena base emoyeni, "Offutt".

Aircraft Kwangithatha isikhathi impela ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo izingxabano zempi ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene kule planethi yethu. Aviasudna babehileleke impi isikhathi eside e-Vietnam, lapho imisebenzi ekhethekile "Eldorado Canyon", "Ugwadule Isihlangu" "Ugwadule Storm", "inkululeko elinganqobeki."

River Joint

Yileso igama Ikhodi hlola indiza US Air Force RC-135V. Lokhu isitsha ababenayo ekuqaleni ukubukeka ngokwanele abanesibindi, "izihlathi eqolo" RTR uhlelo nge ekhaleni side, igcwele imishini okuxhumana intelligence AN / AMQ-15. Ngaphansi fuselage itholakala eziningi antenna osezingeni ezahlukene. Ungazitholela ezintathu isiswebhu antenna phezu radome adaptha radar. Flap antenna abangu ukukhwezwa ngaphansi isikhungo amapuleti okwegobolondo isamba zezinhlamvu ezine. Ngemuva iphiko kwakukhona indawo antenna L emise pin ambalwa.

Ukubukeka ukukhanya RC-135W

Ngakwelinye ihlangothi, US hlola indiza RC-135W Air Force ayehlukile kuzo umfowabo RC-135V ayengenabo kwabebhange ukushisa emoyeni isibalo ku nacelles ekhethekile etholakala ngaphandle injini. Ngemva kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi "izihlathi ususuthi" zimoto ingasebenza modified ukuze sithuthukise ukusebenza sokunciphisa umoya lapho zindiza. Siphinde ziye zashintsha phambili ingxenye fairing - ziye zaba Esithé, okuholela kwesokunxele fairing ngisho kancane ivinjiwe ikhava dweba kanye yokugcina ekugcineni ngaphansi zokubuyekeza.

Ngo-1990, lapho imishini baqala umsebenzi wabo e yempi manje ezweni elaliyiYugoslavia, onjiniyela efakwe ngaphezu Imibhobho esemzimbeni kuzo zonke izinjini etholakalayo izitshalo ekhethekile ukukhiqiza ukuphazamiseka kwe-infrared. Lokhu kwakwenziwa ukuze kwandiswe sokulondeka kusukela imicibisholo anti-aircraft ifakwe ezishisayo homing ikhanda.

ithimba

Spy indiza US RC-135 ilawulwa amatilosi kahle esikhulu, okubandakanya:

- Isiphathamandla ulwe umyalo emoyeni.

- Three opharetha EW (radar ukuphepha): intelligence othomathikhi, ukuhlola okwenziwa ngesandla, ushintsho abaphezulu. Izinjongo zalolu qembu ukulandelela izindawo isitha izindiza anti-missile izinhlelo ku-radar yabo radiation, yena, abamba AEELS uhlelo.

- 12-16 opharetha, amalungu Air Intelligence. ukulwa wabo umsebenzi - ngokusebenzisa isimiso multi-channel nokuhlakanipha okwakubonakala VHF ububanzi ulondoloza umsakazo iwashi Interceptions zilandelwa ngu bomlilo, kanye zokuxhumana isitha air izivikelo imikhakha. Lokho, eqinisweni, la masosha asebenza kuvulwa izinhloso wesitha.

- 7 opharetha lobuchwepheshe ukulawula kokuqondisa eningilizayo yazo zonke lezi kwekhabhoni radar kusuka izikhungo etholakala emoyeni, emhlabathini, olwandle. Parallel kule, lezi ochwepheshe ukucacisa imiphumela sokucinga oku-othomathikhi bese kusigaba ukuhlola mathupha. Ngemva kwalokho, amasosha imiyalezo ifomu service, okuwuphawu Ngemininingwane imvelo electronic. Konke lokhu kwaziswa idluliselwa ku abahlaziyi, ngaphakathi iqembu ukusebenza kwendiza.

Ngqo kumiswa ibalazwe radar isimo ubelokhu ehola umhlaziyi-isilawuli, olawula nabanye abahlaziyi ezimbili: amadili kuqala nge phansi amatshe, kwesibili - ngendiza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho beqondisa ukuthi zonke ngobulili kusukela izindiza enkabeni ulwazi olusha njalo ngemva kwemizuzu emibili (okungenani), futhi uma kunesidingo esiphuthumayo - njalo ngemizuzwana eziyishumi.

Kufanele futhi unake opharetha ezimbili enze bangabonwa futhi ukubhalisa bonke okungezona ezijwayelekile, noma amasignali engaziwa, hhayi ngaphambili esetshenziswa isitha. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuqinisekisa okufika ngesikhathi futhi nekhono yokuthuthukisa EW uhlelo. Opharetha futhi nizibhale phansi yonke imizamo isitha ekunqobeni ukuvikela American zokuxhumana izindiza uhlelo.

Ngaphezu kwalezi ochwepheshe, ohlala ezindaweni zabo ngenxa yempi, kukhona no-opharetha, wahlanganyela nokudluliswa kwemininingwane ukuze aviasudno E-3 AWACS futhi umbhangqwana Ochwepheshe abasenkonzweni yesikhathi indiza.

"Bottleneck" indiza

US hlola indiza inenkinga enkulu ngesimo zokuxhumana elinganiselwe phakathi kwakhe ne-E-3 AWACS. Idatha idluliselwa nge isiteshi digital TADIL-A format.

Kuyinto lesi siteshi sidlula radar ngokuphelele zonke wathola kusho uhlamvu isitombe izithombe emkhathizwe emoyeni eyenziwe abaqhubi bomkhumbi E-3. Ngemva ukucutshungulwa, ulwazi wabuya, kodwa ngendlela yedijithali. Nokho, it is kwahambisana by ezihlukahlukene ekhethekile ukuqashelwa futhi kwamangqamuzana nakomaka wabo bonke abantu ngothi lwabo nomoya okuhloswe.

Aircraft ukusebenza

Safunda ngokuningiliziwe indiza hlola US Air Force njengoba izinkomba ewumgogodla abe izinkomba ezifana:

• Namaphiko -39,88 imitha.
• Ubude Aircraft obuphelele - 39.2 m.
• Aircraft Ukuphakama - 12.7 amamitha;
• Endaweni kwephiko ngalinye - 226,03 square metres.
• isisindo engenalutho indiza - 46403 kg.
• Ubuningi Take-off mass - 124967 kg.
• Ukuguqulwa injini - turbofan Pratt Whitney TF33-P-9.
• Thrust - 4 x 80,07 kN.
• I isivinini kuvunyelwe indiza - 991 km / h.
• Sihamba ngesivinini esiphelele - 901 km / h.
• Practical indiza range - 9100 km.
• I engaba isinyathelo umshini - 4308
• Maximum yokusebenza engamamitha - 12.375 amamitha.

Lesi sigameko phezu koLwandle Black

25 Januwari 2016 US hlola indiza eduze komngcele we Russian Federation. Ngenxa yalokho, indiza esibhakabhakeni Su-27 uvusiwe, okuyinto abamba indiza American. Ngokwe omele esemthethweni umyalo European US Navy induna Daniel Hernandez, ukucabhela emoyeni intelligence imishini kwenziwa ezingaphephile kakhulu futhi ngokomsebenzi engiwenzayo, ngeke kodwa ungakhathazeki ubuholi American, ngoba lesi senzakalo kuphela bokhela i isimo esishubile kakade. Futhi, lesi sikhulu American athi RC-135U Combat uyenzele okuhleliwe ukubalekela isikhala ngamazwe phezu woLwandle Olumnyama, ngaphandle yokwephula imingcele lothile. Abamele Russia, esikhundleni salokho, waphawula ukuthi indiza US yayichichima kuvaliwe le transponder.

Ngokolwazi etholakele ethi The Washington Mahhala Beacon, a Russian fighter jet wandizela izindiza US at ibanga elingamamitha ayisithupha, kwathi ngemva kwalokho kwenkathi ethile yesikhathi flying bezungeza, side by side. Khona-ke umshayeli Russian wenza iqhinga abukhali washiya eceleni. Ngenxa yalokho, jet lokusakaza elisuka Su-27 is ngokoqobo kwaphoqa i kwesimo endaweni emoyeni US, yingakho wahluleka ukuzibamba.

Duel phezu oLwandle iBaltic

April 14, 2016 waphinda indiza kwesimo endaweni US landizela imingcele waseRussia. Kunengqondo ukuthi lesi simo akuzange kunakwe Air Amandla we Russian Federation. umyalo Russian babenqume ukumisa umzamo nokwephula emngceleni, okuyinto wakhulela fighter air jet. Ngenxa yalokho, le ndiza Su-27 abamba intelligence US. Lokhu iqhinga, ngokuvumelana US izikhulu zempi, kwaphinda sona leso, kwenziwe ngendlela kwakwakhiwa futhi kwenziwe ingozi ukuze iqembu indiza American.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umyalo US Army uzwakalise "ukukhathazeka ejulile" yalo, okwakubizwa ngokuthi i "izenzo engiwenzayo futhi ezingaphephile we-pilot-Russian."

ukungqubuzana Japanese

May 22, 2016 Russian uhlelo emoyeni ukuzivikela ithole phezu Sea of Japan, US kwesimo endaweni izindiza RC-135. Ngaleso sikhathi, wayifeza kwesimo endaweni eduze komngcele waseRussia. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi le ndiza US ungaphakathi esibhakabhakeni kanye transponder off futhi wayengakwazi Imininingwane eya abalawuli esifundeni kuka ibenesandla ukuvela ingozi bezindiza ukushayisana civil. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indiza American kwaba kulawo amazinga, nesebenzela izindiza izindiza evamile ye Civil Aviation. Yiqiniso, le ndiza Su-27 abamba intelligence US.

Ukuze sicacise lesi sigameko eMnyango Wezokuvikela Russia babiziwe sikhulume attache wezempi wase-US Embassy. abaholi Russian Nginakile umlingani wakhe American ekuvikelweni ngezimo ezifanayo esikhathini esizayo futhi sithathe izinyathelo ezifanele ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha izindiza ezisebusweni esibhakabhakeni.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile yabe seyaziwa ukuthi indiza kwesimo endaweni ukuthi zibukeke okuphawulwe crew hola umgibeli izindiza yezindiza Swiss. Ngokwe-pilot, babona esindayo ezine-injini indiza, okuyinto engazange waphonsa noma iyiphi mshini.

I ngeziqu zamehlo Chinese

Nakulokhu futhi, US hlola indiza ukucabhela senzeka ngoMeyi 2016 phezu kwamanzi amanzi ngamazwe e-South China Sea. Njengoba esibekiwe baseMelika, lokhu kwenzeka ngo-wezasemoyeni ngamazwe. Ngokusho nePentagon, Air Force fighter Jets abamba Chinese hlola indiza USA ezingaphephile. Amazwi afana nalawa baseMelika ukuba yabamangaza akekho, njengoba unjalo, izwi nezwi enjalo indinganiso kulezi zimo. Futhi, isikhulu US wathi kwesimo endaweni izindiza wenza "patrol evamile isimiso."

Izimbangela ezingqubuzana China

Lesi senzakalo kwabangelwa ngokushesha ekuphumeni ukungezwani esifundeni South China Sea. Zonke wachaza umsebenzi anda China ngokuya ukwakhiwa iziqhingi yokufakelwa. Kuleli zinga, umakhelwane China, kuhlanganise nase-United States, ukhathazeke kakhulu ngalesi simo, ngoba bakholelwa ukuthi China esikhathini esizayo izokwenziwa kulezi ziqhingi eyenziwe uhlelo ukuzivikela missile. Ngokuyinhloko, ngenxa yokuthi lokhu, i-United States ngaphansi kwebhaxa ukuqinisekisa izinga ofanele nokuvikeleka imikhumbi yamazwe ngamazwe ukuba ethunyelwe esifundeni elinezinkathazo iviyo lalo lemikhumbi yempi, ngendlela enengqondo kubange isiphithiphithi ukunganeliseki phezu ingxenye ubuholi Chinese.

ukunakwa okunjalo ezibonakala zingezona ezibonakalayo endaweni ulwandle ebusweni ngenxa yokuthi i-South China Sea - imbangela yombango owawuzothatha phakathi China, Taiwan, eVietnam, Brunei, Philippines neMalaysia. Futhi zonke ngoba lokho kule ngxenye yomhlaba, zikhona izimali ezifakwa abalulekile kwemithombo yemvelo ahlukahlukene: igesi, uwoyela, kanjalonjalo.