Umthetho Federal kusukela 13.03.2006 N 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa": amalungiselelo jikelele Article

Cishe noma yimuphi mkhuba abalulekile emphakathini kufanele kulawulwa umthetho. Isikhangiso - esinye salezi zenzakalo. Esikhathini Russian Federation edingekayo ukuze ihambisane 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa", owenza izindlela izimiso eziyisisekelo umsebenzi abakhangisi. Lo mthethosivivinywa kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe esihlokweni.

Izinhloso zoMthetho Federal

ISiphakamiso 1 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa" ichaza imigomo danogo isiqondiso. Umthetho kuhloswe ukuthuthukiswa ezimakethe amasevisi, izimpahla kanye nemisebenzi ngesisekelo isimiso yokuncintisana okufanelekile. Kuyinto eliphezulu nokusetshenziswa kwamalungelo zabathengi bungatholakala ngokusebenzisa mncintiswano. Ukukhangisa ingenye izinjini eyinhloko mncintiswano. Nokho, kumele sikhumbule imisebenzi asetshenzisiwe elibukhali kulokho okuye kwabizwa eyethulwe Bill.

Art. 3 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa" inikeza incazelo umqondo wegama elithi "ukukhangisa". Ngokomthetho, kuba okusabalalisa yiluphi ulwazi ngendlela, aqondiswa ku-nenani elinganqunyiwe eliku-abantu ngenjongo eziqhakambisa umkhiqizo othize noma isevisi.

izinhlobo ukukhangisa

Isahluko 1 yoMthetho "Ngo Ukukhangisa" utshela mayelana izinhlobo ezinkulu zokukhangisa. Ngokusho isenzo normative, kungaba:

• Isikhangiso zenzeke. ukukhangisa into ongakhonza ezihlukahlukene imincintiswano, imidlalo, imisebenzi, njll
• inkampani yokukhangisa Komphakathi. Into lapha kungaba cishe konke ngandlela-thile ezihlobene ukukhuthazwa zokuphila efanele. Lokhu, isibonelo, ekulweni utshwala futhi ukubhema, ukukhuthazwa ukuphila ngendlela enempilo, indaba mayelana namanani umndeni, njll
• Ukukhangisa kwezimpahla namasevisi. Kungashiwo, ifomu zakudala yokukhangisa, kuklanywe ngendlela ekhanga ukunakekela uhlobo oluthile umkhiqizo. Kungenxa nalesi hlobo lwesikhangiso kungenxa abaningi kakhulu imikhawulo nezimfuneko ngu neziphathimandla zokulawula. Art. 19 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa", isibonelo, uthi ku-isiqondiso lobuchwepheshe, okumele luhambisane ukukhangisa ongaphandle. Art. 20 ubeka imithetho izimoto anjalo.

Indlela ukukhangisa kungenziwa basakaza? 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa", okungukuthi isahluko yakhe yesibili inikeza impendulo yalo mbuzo.

ukusabalalisa izikhangiso

Isigaba 14 I 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa" usungula izidingo ukukhangisa kumabonakude. Ngokwesibonelo, ukukhangisa akuvunyelwe ukuphazamisa ukusakazwa zenkolo, izindaba kanye nezinhlelo ehlala njalo ngemizuzu engaphansi kuka-15. Isigaba 15 usungula ezifanayo ngezinceku commercial breaks e ukusakazwa kanye nezinhlelo zomsakazo.

Isigaba 16 sithi isidingo sokwenza "ukukhangisa" uphawu okudweba nombhalo othi, esimweni wabezindaba. Isigaba 17 sivimbela futhi enza uqala ukukhangisa ku ebhayisikobho. Inketho kuphela lapha - ukuqala Ukugunda encane noma trailer ngaphambi kweseshini.

Inani elikhulu izimangalo umthetho umisa yiSigaba 19, okuyinto Uvikela izidingo eziyisisekelo uhlobo yokukhangisa zangaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela izinkondlo, ukwaba kuvinjelwe ukufakwa yokukhangisa izakhiwo, esehlanganise izimpawu zomgwaqo noma saziso ukuhambisana nemithetho kulo lonke ukukhangisa ongaphandle.

Izici ukukhangisa

Kukhona imikhiqizo kabani ukukhangisa akuvunyelwe, nome ungakhiphi nhlobo, noma kungaphansi ukulawula okuqinile. Lokhu, isibonelo, utshwala, ugwayi, imithi, izibambiso, imigexo, njll Isigaba 21 I 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa", isibonelo, uthi lo mthetho ukukhangisa utshwala, uma into ine izici ezilandelayo:

• akhuza ekuzileni utshwala;
• isikhalazo kwabancane;
• khona izinsolo "indima ebalulekile emphakathini ka 'uphuzo oludakayo, njll

Uma sikhuluma imithi enqabelo efanayo. Ungakwazi ukwengeza, ngaphandle ukuthi umthwalo ngokudala umbono "okungaholela ekwelashweni okungadingekile kudokotela," kuvinjelwe idatha ihaba of umphumela izidakamizwa, njll

A ukuvinjelwa ezithile yokukhangisa

Isigaba 7 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa" (njengoba uchitshiyelwe) uhlinzekela izinhlobo ezithile izimpahla, izikhangiso avinjelwa ngokuqinile. Yiziphi mikhiqizo? Njengoba akunzima ukuqagela, kungcono imikhiqizo, ukuqaliswa lapho kungavunyelwe ensimini ka WaseRussia. Lezi zihlanganisa izidakamizwa, izinto psychotropic, iziqhumane, kwezitho zomzimba noma imikhiqizo izicubu ngaphandle ukubhaliswa isimo, ugwayi, izesekeli ukubhema, kanye wezokwelapha zokukhipha isisu.

Kulesi uhlu ngokuvamile kwenziwa izinguquko. Kubalulekile nokukhumbula, isibonelo, Dmitriya Medvedeva isimemezelo ku ehhovisi likaMongameli u-Russia. Dmitry Anatolyevich uye eziphoqelelwe kuvinjelwe ukukhangiswa zonke izinhlobo zotshwala. Nokho, muva nje umsebenzi usuvuliwe.

Imuphi umthwalo wemfanelo okusongelayo abakhangisi budedengu? Lokhu kuzoxoxwa ngakho kancane okunye.

Mayelana ukuzithiba

Isahluko 4 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa" kuyinto ezinikele ukuzithiba ekukhangiseni. Kuyini imayelana nani? Ngokusho Article 31, kuba mayelana nokudala izinhlangano abakhangisi, kontentmeykerov futhi disseminators kolwazi. Ukudalwa komuntu umshado onjalo kuzosiza ukuvikela amalungelo kanye nezithakazelo wamalungu ayo, kanye ukudala imikhiqizo kangcono ulwazi. Kodwa into ebaluleke kakhulu lapha, mhlawumbe, isofthiwe ukulawula Abadali yokukhangisa.

Inhlangano enemitheshwana kungase kudingeke lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo amalungelo:

• ukuthuthukiswa, ukufakwa kanye ukushicilelwa imithetho yenhlangano;
• iqhaza ekuqhubeni iziphathimandla antitrust;
• ukumelwa izintshisekelo esisemthethweni kwamalungu ayo;
• ukulawula imisebenzi amalungu ayo;
• inselele ezinkantolo lwezikhalazo bafaka kwinhlangano, njll

Ukukhangisa Law, ngakho abanye imininingwane ulawula umsebenzi izinhlangano self-elawula.

ngokugadwa isimo

Izihloko 33-35 Ibeke amalungelo ngezikhathi antitrust iziphathimandla amasheke. Kodwa yimaphi amalungelo isitho ngokwayo Antimonopoly Izikhungo? Yilokhu livikeleke umthetho:

• kokukhipha iziqondiso abakhangisi mayelana umthetho;
• ngokukhipha imiyalelo efana neziphathimandla zikahulumeni, ulwazi mayelana thuthuva ovumelekile noma eminye imigwamanda;
• ngokuletha isenzo phambi kwesihlalo sokwahlulela arbitral;
• isicelo wezinyathelo wemfanelo ngokuhambisana nomthetho Russian;
• ukuhlela bese beqhuba kuhlolwe ukuhambisana nezidingo yomthetho nokunye.

Ngokwabo izinkampani isikhangiso kufanele ngesikhathi esifanele ukuhambisa ulwazi mncintiswano igunya mayelana nomsebenzi wabo.

Yini amakhono, ngokomthetho "Ngo Ukukhangisa" abakhangisi kufanele ngesikhathi iziphathimandla ezifanele? Kuwufanele ukugqamisa amaphuzu amabili ayinhloko:

• ilungelo lokufinyelela protocol noma intuthuko kwamabhuku;
• ilungelo inselelo izinqumo enkantolo.

Imuphi umthwalo wemfanelo okusongelayo mthetho ka uMthetho Federal of 13.03.2006 inombolo 38-FZ "Ngo Ukukhangisa"? On lokhu kamuva.

umthwalo abakhangisi

Ziyisijeziso abasebenzi abonakele emkhakheni wokukhangisa kuyinto ngokuhambisana amalungiselelo Code Civil. Uma lokhu noma ukuthi ukukhangisa esephula amalungelo nezifiso umuntu, kufanele uthintane ne isikhalazo ezifanele phambi kwesihlalo sokwahlulela arbitral noma yinkantolo yomthetho jikelele kohlelo (kuye ngokuthi isicelo). Icala futhi ufaka igunya mncintiswano, ogama msebenzi uyoba ukufakazela lokungalandeli umthetho umthetho "Ngo Ukukhangisa" izinto ezithile enhlanganweni lucwaningo ukukhangisa.

Umthetho usungula umthetho owawuthi u-40% esihle esakhokhwa umkhangisi abonakele, iya isabelomali sikahulumeni, kanti bonke abanye - ku lesifunda.