Ukubona Pugachev endabeni "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" by A. S. Pushkina

Izenzakalo ezichazwa Aleksandrom Sergeevichem Pushkinym kwelinye imisebenzi yakhe edume kunazo zonke - umlando emikhulu ongumlimi kuvukela (1773-1774). Ukubona Pugachev endabeni "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" iye yavusa impikiswano eshubile futhi ukucasula ngaleso sikhathi. Ngokokuqala ngqá umholi kwavukelwa wavela phambi kwamehlo yomfundi akuzona njengoba ababulali womele igazi, ezinye izazi-mlando, kuchazwa kuye wangaleyo nkathi, futhi onesibindi, onekhono abantu.

umholi

Savvy, ukukhalipha, amandla awapheli kanye nekhono ezivelele kuzuza ubuntu wamvumela ukuhola omunye evelele kunazo zonke ongumlimi nokuvukela. Ukubona Pugachev endabeni "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - lesi sithombe ngendoda wakwazi bazungezé kuye abantu abavela ezweni lonke. Phakathi kwabo kwakukhona khona futhi Bashkirs, futhi Belogorsky Cossacks, futhi Isi-Chuvash futhi AmaTatar, futhi abasebenzi kanye namafektri Ural.

Pugachev futhi wenza umsebenzi okufutshane nabo bonke labo, ngokombono wakhe, nokuhlenga abacindezelweyo abantu abavamile, abalimi. Lapho ebhekene kwamadoda asebukhosini, wabona kuphela isitha, kodwa iziphathimandla ezinhle futhi kulendawo zazingekho ngaye. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi enonya kangaka ukunikeza uCaptain Mironov, kanye abangaphansi kwakhe.

Umuntu ukhumbula ezinhle

Noma kunjalo, lo mfanekiso Pugachev endabeni "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" - umuntu akabakhohlwa mayelana ezinhle, wake benze ngaye. Ngakho, ke kusindisa ukuphila Grinyov phezu ingilazi vodka futhi ngesikhumba semvu unogwaja, okuyinto wayeke kwabiwe "umholi" ngesikhathi kunesiphepho esikhulu. Peter Grinyov kathathu ukulinga ukudalelwa, futhi zonke izikhathi ezintathu Pugachev wamxolela. Mayelana umholi esivulekile kwavukelwa Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi nguye owakukhipha Masha kusukela Shvabrin uhlangothi, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi impela ungudadewethu, indodakazi yenduna, nokuthi ake Grinyova naye. Ngesikhathi esifanayo ke ujezisa Shvabrin.

Buka kusukela ngaphandle

Ukubona Pugachev endabeni "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika" kwembulwe iphrizimu bezibona Petra Grineva. Ngokuphindaphindiwe kwadingeka ithuba ukuqinisekisa ukuthi lo muntu akayena umbono wesabeka kangaka, ukuthi baye ukuboniswa kuye amandla yenkosi.

Phakathi nomhlangano wabo wokuqala Pugachev uba "uMholi". Grinyova ngaleso sikhathi umxhwele kakhulu ne ukuzibamba, Rom amaziyo entsha. "UMeluleki" eshiya umbono kumuntu ovamile, ukubonakala lapho, kumnyama noma kubomvu, kubonakala emangalisayo. emncane ngomzimba, ehlale emahlombe ezibanzi, ukuphakama medium, Chornaya Boroda ezinemishwe ngamehlo grey and big elikhanyayo - lawa izici eziye yabakhanga Grinyova. Njengoba echaza ukubukeka hero, "... ubuso bakhe kwakuwukubonakaliswa kokukhishwa esikhundleni ezimnandi, kodwa picaresque."

Cossack elula

Incazelo Pugachev ku "Ndodakazi sikaKaputeni" - akuyona nje isithombe ngumholi we kuvukela, kodwa futhi kungabonakali a Cossack elula. Lapho sekuyisikhathi sokuba akhulume Yemelyan ukwethula izaga, amazwi, amazwi, allegories ezihlukahlukene ukuthi abantu abavela endaweni ezahlukene kubonakale engaqondakali. Ngakho, kwenza ezibiza 'abapristi ", echaza ukuthi iRussia wahlala njalo futhi bayophila' banokholo ezindabeni inkosi ekahle." Ubuhlobo bakhe noJehova abangaphansi kwakhe zakhelwe intando yeningi, abanalo yimuphi ekuhlonipheni isikhundla, futhi umuntu ngamunye unelungelo eligcwele ungavumelani nombono wakhe 'bazimele. "

Eduzane umkhiqizo wokugcina Pugachev iqala babazi kahle ukuthi kuphela nomkhohlisi, kuba ubuso nobuso ngomuzwa inhlekelele, futhi uyaqhubeka ukuphila ngethemba nje lekusasa eliqhakazile. "Lapho ukwehluleka kuqala [abangaphansi kanye nozakwabo] wakhulula entanyeni yami nekhanda lami," - la mazwi niwe izindebe zakhe isikhashana ubuqotho.

Yiba ukhozi, futhi ukufa okulesithunzi

Nokho, izici eziyinhloko umfanekiso Pugachev kwesokunxele ubuqhawe yakhe nobukhulu. Lokhu uthola nkulumo inganekwane ufanekisela negwababa nokhozi. Hero ecabanga kungcono ukuba uphile ukuphila isikhathi esifushane kodwa bahlonipheke kunokuba ungajahi iminyaka futhi "udle ingcuba." Pugachev yena okungaqhathaniswa ukhozi, nayo wahlala iminyaka engu-33 kuphela, kodwa "ngiphuze igazi labaphilayo."

Inoveli "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika", umfanekiso Pugachev okuyinto ingenye main, iyobheka emlandweni nge ngempela engela engavamile. Eqokomisa e yakhe engqondweni iqhawe, ukuhlakanipha, ubuqhawe nesibindi, Pushkin enze nesithombe lilonke abantu Russian kanye nezimfanelo zayo engcono.

Noma kunjalo, umlobi linombono ukuthi izinguquko njalo ungcono revolution kwegazi, futhi njalo kusikhumbuza lokhu emsebenzini wakhe. Ikakhulukazi, kuba "Ndodakazi uKaputeni sika 'kungamazwi elalizoba laziwe kabanzi -"! Ungasingenisi uNkulunkulu ukubona ukuvukela isiRashiya, olungenangqondo abangenasihe "Kodwa Pushkin akazange abuzwe ukuyichazela Pugachev nabangane bakhe njengoba amashinga izigebengu. Wafuna ukukhombisa emlandweni wakhe lelandzisako yalokho kuhlubuka Ubunikazi umholi ongumlimi. Futhi waphumelela kuyinto ngobuciko ngempela.