Kontwentwesi: Izimbangela Nemiphumela

Ukudabuka of the eardrum - umonakalo mechanical kuya izicubu elincanyana esasihlukanisa canal sokuzwa kanye maphakathi nendlebe. Ngenxa yalokho yokulimala ezifana umuntu kungaba ngokugcwele noma ingxenye ulahlekelwe ezindlebeni zazo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akukho ukuvikeleka kwemvelo maphakathi nendlebe uhlala esengozini yokuthola izifo nezinye umonakalo ngokomzimba. Njengomthetho, umgodi noma intuthuko kule eardrum siqu yene phakathi namasonto ambalwa, kanye nokwelashwa ayidingekile. Eendabeni ezirareneko, odokotela linqume inqubo ekhethekile noma ukusebenza kuhlinzwa ukuvumela evamile isilonda ukuphulukisa.

izimpawu

Izimpawu ukudabuka we ulwelwesi tympanic zimi kanje:

• Ubuhlungu endlebeni, ezingasetshenziswa kakhulu futhi ngokushesha baqala zinyamalale.
• Okusobala, ubovu noma olunegazi osenyameni evela indlebe.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa.
• I enkeneneza endlebeni (tinnitus).
• Isiyezi (inzululwane).
• Ukucanuzela kwenhliziyo noma ukuhlanza, isiyezi ngenxa yalokho.

Lapho ukubona udokotela

Hlela ikholi emtholampilo noma maphakathi ukunakekelwa kwezempilo umhlinzeki uma uzithola breaking izimpawu isici noma imihuzukwana we eardrum, futhi uma uzwa ubuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki ezindlebeni. Maphakathi nendlebe, kanye yangaphakathi, eyakhiwa izingxenye zencwadi ziyaqothuka kakhulu futhi has a sengozini nezifo ukulimala. ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi ezanele kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kugcinwe ukuzwa evamile.

izizathu

Ziyini izimbangela eziyinhloko zalokhu of ukudabuka we ulwelwesi tympanic angaqoqwa uhlu elandelayo:

• phakathi indlebe ukutheleleka (otitis abezindaba). Ngenxa yalokho, uketshezi aqoqana izifo ezithathelwanayo maphakathi nendlebe, okuyinto ucindezela ngokweqile phezu eardrum, futhi ngaleyo ndlela kungadala umonakalo.
• Barotrauma - umonakalo ngenxa yalesi ukungezwani izicubu eziqinile esihle cuphuluza umehluko ingcindezi maphakathi nendlebe futhi imvelo. ingcindezi kakhulu onamandla okwaziyo aphule eardrum. Nge barotrauma esihlobene okuthiwa syndrome wabeka izindlebe, esithinta cishe zonke abagibeli emoyeni ezokuthutha. Ingcindezi amathonsi Kuphinde sici ngoba scuba diving. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yingozi iyiphi igalelo ngqo indlebe, noma ngabe buhlungu enjengalena yayenziwa Airbag lokhukhipha emotweni.
• imisindo okuphansi ukuqhuma (ukuhlukumezeka acoustic). Kontwentwesi, izimpawu zazo ezibonakala kweso, ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphansi kwethonya imisindo ngokweqile elikhulu (ukuqhuma, ukudubula). Ngokweqile amagagasi anamandla umsindo kungaba sina kulimaze obucayi isakhiwo indlebe.
• izinto Foreign endlebeni. izinto ezincane ezifana swab ukotini noma izinwele Ukugunda kungaba lubhoboze noma ngisho eardrum ezambiwa.
• Sinzima ikhanda ukuhlukumezeka. Ukulimala ekhanda kubangele dislocation kanye ukulimala isakhiwo maphakathi nendlebe futhi kwangaphakathi, kuhlanganise eardrum. Kusukela unhlokweni bangase crack Yekhanda, yilo iqiniso ngokuvamile kungokudingekayo ukuze intuthuko kwezicubu mncane.

yezinkinga

Ulwelwesi tympanic has imisebenzi emibili esemqoka:

• Ukuzwa. Lapho amaza omsindo hit ulwelwesi, uqala dlidliza. Takhiwo maphakathi nendlebe futhi kwangaphakathi lemi kunyakaza futhi uguqule amaza omsindo nezinzwa amaza.
• Ukuvikelwa. Ulwelwesi tympanic ubuye enze njengesithiyo yemvelo zokuzivikela, ekuvimbeleni maphakathi nendlebe ekutholeni emanzini, ama-bacterium, nezinye izinto angaphandle.

Uma kwenzeka yezinkinga ukulimala ezingavela inqubo sokuphulukiswa, kepha uma eardrum akakwazi yene ngokuphelele. amathuba okungatheni:

• Ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa. Ngokuvamile, ukuzwa ubalekela kuphela isikhashana, kuze imbobo eardrum ngeke zinyamalale ngokwalo. Nokho, iziguli eziningi otolaryngologists waphawula ukwehla olukhulu endleleni izinga ukuzwa, ngisho nangemva kokuba ephelele ukufohla overgrowing. Okuningi kuxhomeke ekutheni ukufunde indawo kanye nosayizi isilonda.
• phakathi indlebe ukutheleleka (otitis abezindaba). Kontwentwesi e ingane noma umuntu omdala kusiza ukufinyelela-bacterium ngaphakathi endlebeni umsele. Uma indwangu akusho lokuzelapha, kanti isiguli akusho befuna usizo lwezokwelapha, kunobungozi eliphezulu engelapheki (ezingamahlalakhona) izifo ezithathelwanayo ezingase ziholele ukulahlekelwa ephelele ukuzwa.
• Simila maphakathi nendlebe (cholesteatoma). Cholesteatoma noma pearl isimila - lokhu simila ehlanganisa ngokusebenzisa amangqamuzana esikhumba somuntu nezicubu necrotic. Uma ulwelwesi tympanic lilimele, efile isikhumba amaseli nenye imfucuza organic angase awele maphakathi nendlebe bese bakha simila. Cholesteatoma inikeza indawo evumayo ezifanelekayo ukufuya ama-bacterium ayingozi, futhi ibe namaprotheni atholakala efanela buthaka phakathi indlebe amathambo.

Ngaphambi Ukuvakashela udokotela

Lapho ucabanga unayo izimpawu eardrum ezambiwa uvumele kuqhathaniswa ukwahlulela ngokunembile khona ukulimala. Uma izinga is kakhulu kwehle ukuzwa, ubhalisele i-kokuxoxisana onguchwepheshe. Ungaqala ukubona owelapha, kodwa ukuze wonge isikhathi, kutuswa ngokushesha ukuya reception ukuze otorhinolaryngology.

Ngaphambi kokuvakashela onguchwepheshe, kuyatuseka ukuba ucabangisise kahle ngezinselele lokho uya sikhulume ngokugula kwaso. Ngakho ukuthi akukho ukhohliwe, ephephile ulwazi olusemqoka ngokubhala. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuchaza ngokuningiliziwe:

• ukuhlukumeza izimpawu, kuhlanganise nalezo ocabanga kungukuthi ezihlobene ilimaze eardrum futhi awahlobene ne ubuthulu, khulula lwamanzi kanye nezinye izimpawu ejwayelekile yokulimala;
• amacala yakamuva evela ukuphila kwakho angabangela umonakalo indlebe, kuhlanganise nezifo ezithathelwanayo, ukulimala ezemidlalo, travel ngendiza;
• imithi, kuhlanganise amavithamini namaminerali futhi Izithako zokudla ukuthi uthatha okwamanje;
• imibuzo ukucela udokotela wakho.

Uma usola eardrum ne otitis noma unhlangothi, ucabanga kanzima ukubuza imibuzo elandelayo Otolaryngologist:

• Torn ukuthi mina kontwentwesi?
• Uma kungenjalo, kungani mina aye sawohloka kokuzwa kanye nanoma yimiphi eminye ukwephulwa izimpawu?
• Uma ilimaze eardrum, yini engingayenza ukuze kuvikelwe indlebe kusukela kungenzeka igciwane phakathi kwenqubo sokuphulukiswa zayo zemvelo?
• Ingabe ngidinga kabusha wenze aphoyintimenti ngawe ukuhlola kahle indlela izicubu kukusindisile?
• Lapho kudingeka bacabangele ukuqokwa zokwelapha ezithile?

Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza imibuzo nokuningi professional.

Yini udokotela uthi

Otolaryngologist, esikhundleni salokho, cela okulandelayo:

• Nini uqala ubona izimpawu ukulimala?
• eardrum ukudabuka uvame ukuhambisana ubuhlungu alandisa isiyezi. Uke waqaphela yini ukuthi lezi izimpawu umonakalo izicubu? baye ngokushesha kangakanani?
• Uke idluliselwe izifo ezithathelwanayo ezindlebeni?
• Uke uvezwe ukuthi umsindo ophakeme uzilimaza ngokweqile?
• Ingabe ukubhukuda imizimba natural yamanzi noma emanzini echibi muva nje? Kungakhathaliseki diving nge-scuba diving?
• Uke wahamba muva indiza?
• Nini wagcina nini ukuthola wathola ukulimala ekhanda?
• Kungayiphi indlela ukuhlanza izindlebe zakho? Kungakhathaliseki usebenzisa ukuze bahlanze izinto kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo?

Ngaphambi kokubonisana

Uma isikhathi sabo esihleliwe reception ngesikhathi ENT asikafiki, futhi ucabanga ukuthi unayo eardrum kusukela umthelela, impatho akufanele okuqalwe ngokusuka ayo. Kungcono Thatha zonke izinyathelo kungenzeka ukuvimbela izifo ezithathelwanayo indlebe. Zama ukugcina ezindlebeni ihlanzekile futhi yomile, uyeke ukubhukuda, qaphela ukuthi amanzi engakutholi ngaphakathi endlebeni ngenkathi ngokuluhlaza ageza okugeza noma eshaweni. Ukuvikela indlebe ezilimele ngesikhathi kuhlanzwa khona amanzi, isikhathi ngasinye, uyifaka ku nokunwebeka waterproof abicah earplugs noma ukotini ball ofakwe Vaseline.

Ungasebenzisi noma iyiphi uhlobo indlebe amathonsi uthenge ekhemisi kwalo yedwa; izidakamizwa ungakwazi uqoke udokotela kuphela, futhi kuphela ukwelapha izifo ezithathelwanayo elihlobene ne ukulimala ulwelwesi tympanic.

ukuhlola

Ukuze sithole khona kanye nobungako umonakalo ENT ngokuvamile zibukeke uhlola indlebe usebenzisa ithuluzi ekhanyayo ekhethekile - le otoscope. Uma ukuxilongwa ngokudlulisa amehlo akunakwenzeka ukuthola imbangela ngqo noma izinga igebe, lo Udokotela angase anikeze isiguli ezengeziwe ukuhlola ukuthi kungakanani abakwaziyo, kuhlanganise:

• Ukuhlolwa. Uma uqaphela a osenyameni evela indlebe ezilimele, Otolaryngologist, kungenzeka ukuba amise luhlolo laboratory noma isiko ukukhethwa isampula ukucacisa uhlobo ukutheleleka okuhlasela maphakathi nendlebe.
• Ukuhlolwa ukuzwa usebenzisa ekuphambukeni Tuning. Tuning izimfoloko - a amathuluzi ensimbi bidentate, likhipha umsindo uma wamshaya. Ukuhlolisisa elula ukuzisebenzisa kuzovumela udokotela ukuxilonga ukulahlekelwa kukuzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa ekuphambukeni evumela ukuba anqume ukuthi yikuphi uyimbangela ekulahlekeni ukuzwa: ukulimala izingxenye isixwayisi of maphakathi nendlebe (kuhlanganise eardrum), nerve ukulimala receptor noma endlebeni engaphakathi, noma konke ndawonye.
• Tympanometry. Tympanometer - idivayisi ibekwe endlebeni umsele ukuhlola Asabela kanjani ulwelwesi tympanic yezinguquko ezincane umfutho womoya. amaphethini athile impendulo kungase kubonise uqhekeko we ulwelwesi tympanic, izimpawu zazo kwezinye izimo musa ngisho ukuletha ukukhathazeka okhethekile esigulini.
• luhlolo Surdologichesky. Uma abanye izivivinyo kanye cwaningo ungazange zaletha imiphumela ebalulekile, udokotela imithi luhlolo surdologichesky, okusho kokuxilongwa sithuthukise eliqinisekisiwe iqhutshwe idokodo umakhalekhukhwini ukuhlola bezibona lesiguli umsindo ivolumu obuhlukahlukene futhi ngezinye amaza ezahlukene.

ukwelashwa

Uma unesifo evamile, ayinzima ukutheleleka eardrum, umthelela kungenzeka inani elihle kunawo: esimweni okubi, ulindele nje okuncane ubuthulu ephathini abalimala. Uma kukhona izimpawu udokotela ukutheleleka imithi elwa namagciwane ngesimo indlebe lehla ( "Otipaks" "Sofradeks" "otinum"). Uma ikhefu ingaluqedi kwayona, kungase kudingeke iphendukele izinqubo ezikhethekile ukuqinisekisa ukuphulukiswa ephelele ulwelwesi tympanic. ENT angaqoka:

• Ukunqunywa isichibi okhethekileko eardrum. Lena inqubo kahle elula lapho udokotela ephatha emaphethelweni impahla igebe, inkanuko cell ukukhula, ukulimala bese livalwa nge material ekhethekile benzela uhlobo band-aid izicubu abalimala. Kungenzeka kudingeke ukuba ukuphinda lokhu izikhathi eziningana ngaphambi eardrum ngeke ululame.
• Surgery. Uma ukunqunywa isichibi akusebenzi noma udokotela singabaze sina ukuthi inqubo elula kuzosiza ukuba aphulukise ukudabuka we eardrum, uyobe batusa yokwelapha by ukuhlinzwa. Ngokuvamile, ukusebenza wenziwa ngaphansi kwegama tympanoplasty. Udokotela ohlinzayo uzokwenza imbobo ngaphezu indlebe, ngeke luthathe isiqeshana encane ngendwangu futhi ngeke sivale igebe elikhona kule eardrum. Lena operation elula, futhi iziguli eziningi ubuyela ekhaya ngosuku olufanayo.

Ekhaya,

Hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukudlulisela isidingo iseluleko ngochwepheshe futhi uphethwe. Abantu abaningi kwathiwa unesifo ukwelashwa "eardrum" siqukethe ekuvikeleni indlebe olimele ka izilonda esisha kanye nokuvimbela izifo kunokwenzeka. Inqubo self-ukuphulukiswa kuthatha amasonto ambalwa. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uke esibhekiswe Otolaryngologist noma cha, uthathe zonke izinyathelo kungenzeka ukuvikela ezilimele indlebe ukuxakeka. Odokotela batusa alandele le mithetho:

• Ungalutheli indlebe. Njalo lapho ukugeza kubhavu noma eshaweni ufake endlebeni yangaphandle waterproof abicah earplugs noma ukotini ball ofakwe Vaseline.
• Sigweme ukuxubha. Ungasebenzisi noma iyiphi izinto noma izinto ukuhlanza ezindlebeni, ngisho noma ahloselwe ngokukhethekile le njongo. Nikeza eardrum isikhathi sakho ukuqedela ukuphulukiswa.
• Ungashayi impumulo yakho. Ingcindezi eyenziwe beshaya ekhaleni kungakuzwisa ubuhlungu nezicubu abalimala kakade.

zokuvimbela

Ukuvimbela ukudabuka we ulwelwesi tympanic, banamathele iziqondiso ezilandelayo:

• ngokushesha aphathe maphakathi nendlebe isilulu samafayela;
• ukuhlinzekela air zokuthutha izindlebe ukuvikeleka okwenele phakathi travel;
• Gwema ukuhlanza izindlebe lezinto angaphandle, kuhlanganise swabs ukotini kanye kuma-paper clip;
• ukugqoka ezinye izipikha kumbe earplugs uma umsebenzi wakho ehlangene kumdumo ngokweqile.

Ukulandela lezi amathiphu alula uyobavikela eardrums wakho emonakalweni.