Umsuka kanye biography Rurik

Figure Rurik ingenye okusemqoka kunakho konke okudingeka futhi Ayindida emlandweni Russian. It Nguye owaqala isimo Eastern lwamaSlav. amaqiniso Iqiniso mayelana le nkosana, kangako. Abacwaningi basazama bebaphikisana ngani wazalwa lapho.

Ishayela amaViking eNovgorod

Ekhulwini IX, izinyunyana eziningi lesizwana lwamaSlav futhi Finns bathembele amaViking - amaqaba zamaJalimane owayehlala eScandinavia. Isikhathi esifushane wakwazi ukuba axoshe bahlaseli, futhi ayeke ekhokha intela. Nokho, ezizweni ezazakhelene nawo ezazihlala ngokushesha waqala ukulwa bodwa. Izwe ungase uqale kuphela uma igunya elimiswe ngokufanele.

Umthombo ebaluleke kakhulu ngenkathi Rurik kuyinto "Tale of esidlule Iminyaka". Sokuthi iqukethe ulwazi ukuthi inyunyana Ilmen amazwi, uMariya Krivichy wammemela ukubusa Novgorod. Kwathi ngonyaka 862.

Biography Rurik suit bonke. Wayeyisibonelo sibalo ebucayini. Prince kolwandle kwakungelona protege noma umsekeli yimaphi amaqembu. Eminye imithombo ibonisa ukuthi Novgorod nomakhelwane babo kubhekwe ezihlukahlukene ukhetho kusukela Khazars ensimini. Noma kunjalo, i-choice yawa phezu kwezinsizwa Varyag (ie Viking).

Rurik nabafowabo

I Ukudluliselwa lwamaSlav waya phesheya. Ruric futhi wathatha abafowabo ababili: Sineus (inqubomgomo Byelozero) kanye Truvor (wangena Izborsk). Lapho befa, iziza zabo waphinda iyiswe iSikhulu Novgorod. Biography Rurik ukuba ukubukeka kwalo eRussia cishe engaziwa futhi ikakhulukazi esekelwe ukuqagela kuphela. Noma kunjalo, kukhona ulwazi olunembile ukuthi kwadingeka retinue sakhe. Yaba kuwumgogodla uhulumeni omusha nokugcina ukuhleleka ezweni Novgorod. Ukuze athole ukuvikelwa sabantu Prince wathola amalungelo okuqoqa intela.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abanye imithombo iyaphikisana kuphi imithetho empeleni Rurik. Ngokwesibonelo, Laurentian Chronicle ithi yokuhlala sokuqala asenza saba Ladoga. I Novgorod isikhulu uvele kuphela ngemva kokufa abafowabo ababili abancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngaphansi kwegunya lakhe ibingamashumi Krivichy umhlaba, owawungumnyaka umuzi omkhulu Polotsk. Ngasempumalanga ngalesi simo babe izizwe Finnish. Babehlala Rostov, Moore futhi emazweni angomakhelwane.

ibhodi

Biography Rurik njengoba iSikhulu Novgorod akazange ihluke izenzakalo eliqhakazile. Okuwukuphela le isiyaluyalu enhlokodolobha, lapho izakhamuzi awanelisekile nokubusa Varyag, bamhlubuka ngonyaka 864. Umholi wabo kwaba Vadim Hrabry. Yena abakhulu kanye naye selibekwe babulawa Rurik. Ngenxa ulwazi kusele izingxenyana nje ze futhi akuphelele ngalezi thuthuva, ezinye izazi-mlando zikholelwa bona noma ziyindaba eqanjiwe, noma lihlotshaniswa izenzakalo kamuva. Nikon Chronicle, usitshela nokuvukela esimelene nohulumeni Novgorod amaViking, liye iyawakha ekhulwini XVI, yebo, kungaba edukisayo. Lesi siqephu iyisibonelo esivelele sendlela biography Rjurika obscure futhi kancane wafunda.

Washona ngo 879, kokushiya indodana yakhe kuphela Igor. Amandla eNovgorod waya Oleg - noma isihlobo noma umlekeleli Rurik. Isikhulu esisha ibamba isikhathi indlalifa abasebasha. Phakathi neminyaka emithathu, u-Oleg yanqoba Kiev, okuyinto wasusa inhloko-dolobha yakhe. Kamuva lapho obusa Igor nenzalo yakhe. kwavela Ngakho isimo lasendulo isiRashiya, ogama izikhulu babe abameleli le Rurik lwamakhosi. Kugcine nommeleli wayo - Fedor - washona ngo 1598, ngokuba Tsar Muscovite.

umsuka

Prince Rurik, Biography iDemo okudale impikiswano enkulu, awuzange ezilotshwe amarekhodi kanye neminye imibhalo ukuze ubizo lakhe lwamaSlav. Abacwaningi ngokuvamile iyihlanganise ne amaViking. Ngokuvamile e nezincwadi zesayensi okukhulunywe Danes noma abaseSweden, lapho iNkosi Novgorod Rurik kungaba ngezakwa (862-879). Biography of uyinkosi esigaxeni ukuthi spawns imicabango eminingi ngemvelaphi yayo.

Norman theory

Ngo ezincwadini zasendulo encazelweni Rurik wasebenzisa igama elithi "amaViking", okukhomba zaseScandinavia noNorman yayo imvelaphi. Ekhulwini IX, abakhileyo kulezi zindawo yavusa lonke Christian eYurophu kuphangwa yakhe isigelekeqe esinonya. Ezinye zazo ashaqe ezweni kuleli zwekazi, futhi silingana ohlelweni amakhosi asendulo, kanyekanye ukwamukela ubuKristu.

Izazi-mlando eziningi zikholelwa ukuthi Rurik - kuyinto Rorik ka Dorestad. Kwakuyisikhathi owaziwa Danish-yinkosi. Walwa ne Carolingians ngoba Frisia. Mhlawumbe liphinde isikhathi esithile waba ngaphansi kwesizwe we Frankish umbusi, ngoba kubalwa zemali ne umfanekiso Lothair. Ekupheleni 50s wayezama ukuba ulithathe Jutland, kodwa kwanhlanga zimuka nomoya. Ngemva kwesikhashana, esalwa Western lwamaSlav, Wendy, owayehlala endaweni esogwini oluseningizimu ye-oLwandle iBaltic. Abasekeli umqondo wokuthi Rurik - kuyinto Rorik, njengephuzu lokuphikisa ngokunemba umphumela lelo qiniso lokuthi ezincwadini zomlando ezalotshwa Western ukusho ngakho ulahlekile konung cishe usuku lapho amaViking waqala ukubusa ngo Novgorod. Lo mbono uhlala unproven futhi ngokuvamile wavusa impikiswano. Rurik, Biography iDemo okuyinto engekho, ngisho ithuna bodokotela.

Slavic futhi imfundiso Baltic

Kunemibono ngalokho amaViking ngokuthi neRussia abizwa abameleli isizwe West Slavic Wagram. Uma kunjalo, khona-ke isikhulu Rurik, ogama biography ayiwuphikisi futhi akufakazeli kungenzeka le nguqulo kude tribesman izakhamizi Novgorod.

Enye ukucabangela iseduze lo mbono wenza usosayensi omkhulu Russian Mikhail Lomonosov. Wacabanga weza Rurik kusukela Prussian - abantu Baltic owayehlala endaweni manje ebizwa ngokuthi Poland naseLithuania. Ezinganekwaneni Germanized lwamaSlav bezwe esifanayo babe zamaqhawe abazalwane abathathu ngasebenza kwabosizo lokuqala Novgorod ezikude. Kwakumelwe Obodrits kabani omele kungaba Prince Rurik. Umlando Omfushane lokhu indoda ayikuvumeli ukuba azichaze ngokunembile uhlanga yayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima ukubala ngonyaka lokuzalwa kwakhe.