Conquista (Conquest nangaphambili - kusukela Spanish La Conquista - "ukunqoba ') ubizwa ngokuthi ukunqoba Yezwe Elisha noma amazwe aseMelika eba amakoloni yi-Spain, okwaqala ngo-1492 kuya ku 1898, lapho i-United States wahlulwa Spain, wamthatha Cuba, Puerto Rico. Ngakho umnqobi - umnqobi ka-Spanish noma isi-Portuguese Melika, ilungu Conquest.
I izimfanelo inhloso
Melika, lapho Vula Spanish e 1492. Columbus sasibhekwa njengophawu lokuthi ngxenye ye-Asia, isibe "ezweni lesithembiso" ngoba izikhulu abaningi bempofu iSpanishi, amadodana omncane, kusukela efeni likayise ngumthetho Spanish akusho perepadalo penny, baphuthuma INguqulo Yezwe. Naye eyayigujwa amathemba uhlanya of kokucetshiswa. Izinganekwane mayelana fabulous Eldorado (izwe ngegolide namatshe ayigugu) kanye paititi (wasenganekwaneni idolobha elahlekile egolide Inca) azungeza inhloko angaphezu kwelilodwa. izimfanelo eziningi Kwathi ngaleso sikhathi e- yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia, ukusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinkulungwane (izinkulungwane 600. Spanish kuphela), izakhamuzi zakhona kuhanjiswe ku Melika. Ezisanda kufika abantu baseYurophu ashaqe expanses engapheli California Rio de la Plata, esizalweni somfula (ngilulekela 290 km ukucindezeleka uphondo emise esukela ekubumbaneni wemifula emikhulu Uruguay futhi Parana, akayena umuntu, eyingqayizivele uhlelo amanzi eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNingizimu Melika).
Ulayini abanqobi enkulu
Ngenxa yalokho yokunqotshwa elathunjwa cishe yonke eNingizimu neMelika futhi ingxenye North, kuhlanganise neMexico. Umnqobi - iphayona, ngaphandle kosizo kusukela State ukuvuma okwakufunwa eSpain nasePortugal omkhulu, nsimu enkulukazi. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke umnqobi Spanish Marquis (isihloko esivela enkosini ukubonga) uHernán Cortés (1485-1547), abanqoba eMexico, wadala bridgehead wokubamba okwengeziwe lonke izwekazi kusuka e-Alaska aye Tierra del Fuego, ngakwesokudla ingenye abanqobi enkulu lilinganise, kanye Tamerlane, Aleksandrom Makedonskim, uNapoleon, Suvorov futhi Attila. Umnqobi - kuyinto ngokuyinhloko iqhawe. ESpain ekhulwini xv yaphela Reconquista (reconquest) - inqubo eside kakhulu, eyathatha cishe emakhulwini eminyaka ayisishiyagalombili, ukukhululwa yeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia abahlaseli Arab. Out yebhizinisi ke washiya amasosha amaningi, ababengeke bakwazi ukuphila ukuphila okunokuthula.
Adventurous ingxenye Conquest
Phakathi kwawo kwakunodade owayesuka bamazwe ngokwanele are jwayele kuze siphile ngezindinganiso ebulala abantu Arab. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sekuyisikhathi kakhulu. okutholakele womhlaba.
Emazweni akude waya ekunqotshweni abantu babo bakhululwa esontweni (iNkantolo Yamacala Ezihlubuki lwalusaqinile ngisho nangemva) futhi emandleni obukhosi (kwakukhona izinkokhelo eqolo Crown). Izethameli baphuthuma INguqulo Yezwe, kwaba kabi kakhulu. Abaningi bakholwa ukuthi umnqobi - kuyinto ezimweni eziningi i owenza. kahle kakhulu konke mayelana Conquest, njengoba imbangela iyini, uyalwa, simo nebalingisi bendzaba abantu ababenesibindi sokuba neBhayibheli ukuhamba noma baphoqeleka ukuba ayifeze zichazwe inoveli zomlando yomlobi Argentina Enrico Laretty "Inkazimulo Don URamiro."
Ngokuvamile, leli khasi enkulu yomlando isihloko imisebenzi eminingi tetemibhalo, ezinye zazo adunyiswa izithombe conquistadors, ucabangela ukuba babe yizithunywa zevangeli, abanye abaveza ukuze alethe ngamademoni. Lezi zingozi zihlanganisa ama ethandwa kakhulu adventure-zomlando inoveli "Ndodakazi ka Montezuma" UHenry Ryder Hoggarda.
Amaqhawe ukunqoba
Umholi noma umnqobi main isiPutukezi noma iSpanishi okuthiwa sezempi yini. Lezi zihlanganisa abaholi ezifana sekushiwo uHernán Cortés. Yonke Peninsula Yucatán yanqotshwa Francisco de Montejo. LwasePacific eNingizimu neMelika yanqotshwa Vasco Nunez de Balboa. Inca umbuso, umbuso emakilasini ngaphambi kwesikhathi Tahuantinsuyo, elikhulu kunawo wonke endaweni kanye labantu baseNdiya, wabhubhisa Fransisko Pissaro. Spanish umnqobi Diego De Almagro enamathiselwe umqhele Peru, eChile, futhi Isthmus of Panama. Diego Velaskes de Cuellar, Pedro De Valdeviya, uPedro Alvarado G. H. Kesada futhi ushiye inkumbulo emlandweni ekunqotshweni kwe-Nguqulo Yezwe.
imiphumela engemihle
Conquistadors ngokuvamile iyimbangela ukubhujiswa lalolo hlanga of America. Nakuba ukuqothulwa kohlanga oqondile wayengekho, ngokuyinhloko ngenxa inombolo encane yokuhlangana nabeLungu, ukugula, waziletha ezwekazini, futhi ubhadane okwalandela benza ngesenzo sabo singcolile. A bamazwe izifo alethwe ezahlukene kakhulu. Isifo sofuba kanye nesimungumungwane, typhus, bhubhane ingxibongo, Umkhuhlane futhi yenkosi okubi - akusiyo uhlu oluphelele izipho impucuko. Uma yesizwe Aztec phambi Conquest enezisebenzi ezingu-20, baye balandela omunye ngemva komunye, bhubhane ingxibongo ubhubhisa iningi sabantu bendabuko. A isifo esinzima kakhulu ikunikinele eMexico. Ngakho enqoba conquistadors ukufinyelela bakha ingxenye enkulu yabamemezeli Melika, waletha abantu benqoba, imfundo hhayi kuphela, ubuKristu isakhiwo izinduna emphakathini. Baletha aboMdabu ukuzikhohlisa ibhokisi Pandora sika lapho zonke izono nezifo somphakathi wesintu setiphetsiwe.
Igolide namatshe ayigugu, ngisho emadolobheni, zakhiwa zokwakha ezinjalo, abanqobi Spanish isi-Portuguese ngiyithole. Amagugu conquistadors - ezweni elisha futhi enkulu ndawo evundile, izinceku eziningi angenamkhawulo for ekwelapheni kula mazwe yamandulo, izimfihlo zazo hhayi wachazela kuze kube manje.