Umlando kanye nencazelo Umdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" Nesterov

Painter Nesterov Mikhail Vasilyevich njalo ziphathwe uthando okhethekile St uSergiyu ka Radonezh. Umdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" yilona lokuqala lonke uchungechunge imisebenzi yakhe abazinikele uMfundisi wesigodlo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi Nesterov - umculi, omsebenzi wakhe kwakhiwa ngesisekelo isiko ngokomoya futhi zobuKristu eziphakeme. Yena engaconsi lakubo, isimo sawo futhi abantu ababehlala eduze kwakhe.

Mayelana nomculi

Wazalelwa Mikhail Nesterov Meyi 31, kanye nesitayela ubudala Meyi 19, 1862 ku Ufa. Ngokusho yetinsita umndeni, kwavela uhlobo lomculi esizayo kusukela kubantukazana Novgorod, abake iyiswe Urals. Uyisemkhulu, Ivan Andreyevich kwaba serf, futhi kamuva waba, njengoba yayibizwa kanjalo ngaleso sikhathi, freedmen. Wakwazi "kakhulu" ukuze uqede esikoleni sobufundisi, ekubekeni okuningi umzamo, ephakanyiswe yokuzihlanganisa ekilasini umthengisi.

Umndeni Nesterovs walithanda izincwadi ngisho ukubeka ukusebenza encane. Futhi uma ngisho abadlale ahlekisayo of Gogol sika "UHulumeni Umhloli" kuka isiyaluyalu akwenziwanga Ufa lesifunda elincane okwakuhlala. Mangisho ukuthi ngalezo zinsuku, izincwadi zazisekhona siyindlala, kodwa kule ndlu bona Kwakuseshwa. On the izincomo kayise Michael eseyingane ujabule ukufunda "Impi Nokuthula" by Lva Tolstogo. Futhi wangihlaba umxhwele umoya wabo lo msebenzi.

Ubaba Mikhail Vasilievich khona ungumuntu ohamba phambili kunabo. INdodana futhi embule those amathalenta ngomdwebo, akazange aphikisane ne ukuthuthukiswa bakhe, kodwa kunalokho, isekela kakhulu kuye. Lena naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ibhizinisi yomthengisi umndeni eyadluliselwa isuka ubaba endodaneni.

Umdwebo isonto

izifundo sezenkolo wangena Umdwebo by Nesterov ngokuqinile futhi unomphela. Kepha inkosi yakhe wabhala hhayi kuphela web. Ngesinye isikhathi lapho u wahlanganyela yokudweba esontweni. Ngokwesibonelo, eminyakeni 1893-1894 ku uVladimir Cathedral Kiev, wabhala altarpiece enesihloko esithi "Christmas", futhi emva kweminyaka 2 elinye lamasonto Petersburg umsebenzi KaMose sekuphelile. Ngo-1899 Nesterov waqala yokudweba esontweni Caucasian Aleksandra Nevskogo. Ngemva kweminyaka engu-5, yaphela. Futhi zingezikaJehova umninindlu ibhulashi yasezindongeni ezisebusweni eMoscow Marfo-Mariinsky Sezindela. Umsebenzi lwenziwe ngo-1907 phezu kwabo-1911. Ngalesi sikhathi, nje zihlanganisa best isithombe Nesterov Mikhail Vasilyevich elotshwe izindikimba zenkolo.

legend umndeni

Singabonisa kanjani ukuchaza Luhambo enjalo umculi omkhulu ukuba nezithombe zosanta? Kube uhlobo legend umndeni, owawuthi Michael kancane wacishe wafa, kodwa ukungenela saint okwathi waphulukiswa ngokuyisimangaliso kuye, umfana usaphila.

Mangisho ukuthi uma izingane babephathwa izindlela ezivamile sasivumela nokhahlo. Ngokwesibonelo, wakugcina eqhweni noma abandayo noma, Ngakolunye uhlangothi, zafakwa kuhovini oshisayo. Ngokusho umculi, unina wacabanga ukuthi wayefile. Khona-ke umntwana, njengoba kufanele, imikhuba baba ngaphansi izithonjana, baba esifubeni scapular St. Tihona Zadonskogo, kuyilapho bona baya emathuneni - oda emngcwabeni. Ngemva ezinye sikhathi unina waqaphela ukuthi ukuphela kwengane yakhe okungukuthi uphapheme. Wayeqiniseka ukuthi lesi simangaliso kwenzeka sibonga lokulabhela saint. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ikakhulukazi wayelihlonipha futhi abathandekayo emkhayeni yayo isiye, ngaphezu Sergiya Radonezhskogo, futhi Tihon Zadonsky.

Sebenza mdwebo

Nesterov "Vision umfana noBartolomewu" wabhala ngokuba Komyakine. Budebuduze kule ndawo kukhona ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Lavra. Futhi eseduze itholakala khona, futhi ifa Abramtsevo, okuyinto is owned by owaziwa ngesikhathi abavikela Savva Mamontov. Njengoba wazi, wayekuthanda umeme izivakashi zakhe ziye ludlulile, abaculi abadumile: Serov, Vasnetsov, Bilibin, Vrubel. Bengilokhu ngikhona futhi Nesterov. "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" - isithombe lapho isetshenziswa Abramtsevo namathafa. Umdwebi wabhala ukuthi indaba emfushane ngalomsebenzi, yena sketched, ekubeni khona lapho. Khona-ke umxhwele ubuqiniso ayinzima bemvelo Russian. Wasinda imidwebo wokulungiselela eziningana futhi imidwebo kule edume kunazo ngendwangu yakhe.

Izihloko ngendwangu

Mikhail Nesterov "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" anikezelwe St. uSergiyu ka Radonezh, owaphila ekhulwini XIV. WayeyiZwi Umsunguli wesigodlo ngoZiqu-zintathu-uSergiyu Monastery. Izwe okuthiwa uBartolomewu. Usenguye omunye abangcwele bahlonipha kakhulu eRussia.

Kuyinto isibusiso St uSergiyu, Dmitry Donskoy ayeyile empini enzeke ku emkhakheni Kulikovo e 1380. Ekulweni izindimbane amaMongol AmaTatar beqondiswa Khan Mamai yaphela nge ukunqoba impi Russian. Kusukela kwaqala yokukhululwa emazweni ejokeni amaMongol.

Ukuze umculi, umfanekiso uSergiyu abasha baba uhlobo uphawu, okwakunginika ithemba lokuthi ingokomoya Russian namanje ukuvuseleleka.

Isithombe Nesterov "Vision umfana noBartolomewu" okubonisa isiqephu nokuphila St uSergiyu ka Radonezh. Ngokungafani nabafowabo, ikhulu umfana esemncane kwakunzima kakhulu ukuba bafunde ukuzifundela nokubhala. Ngolunye usuku, ngifuna ihhashi ulahlekile, yena bazulazula ehlathini, futhi uhlangana lapho indela osuke ekhuleka oki. NoBartolomewu indela bakhale ngokuthi idiploma kunikezwa kuye ngobukhulu ubunzima. Umdala nge lesimiso isakramente ukusiza le nsizwa ukuba bathole ulwazi.

Imibala ku-canvas

Ukwenza incazelo mdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu", omunye awanakuziziba ukushisa okuvela kulo. Cishe yonke imibala esetshenziswa umculi yokubhala - libalele futhi bejabule: ophuzi, osawolintshi, oluhlaza, onsundu, ocher.

Phambili kulesi sithombe kunesonto sibona izibalo ezimbili central - monk nomfana sizungezwe ekwindla, luyingxenye Russian landscape. Esesibili - gquma okusezingeni eliphezulu igcwele utshani. Kuyinto cishe yonke ophuzi wabele woma kwezinye izindawo, kodwa namanje kungemuva yayo kuyabonakala ezincane izimbali ugodo blue. Nikeza ukujula isithombe amagquma Flanking kwesokunxele - ophuzi yene sonwele saseYurophu okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi kwesokudla - obomvu noma ephuzi.

Ngemuva ungabona segolide kakolweni etshaliwe ensimini, futhi yayo onqenqemeni - amabili shabby, kancane egwegwile, amnyama eqhugwaneni. Babafundela a ngokhuni, hhayi ibandla elisha nge domes tebhu okwesibhakabhaka, ube uzungezwe abantu birches mancane futhi firs. Abobulili wakhe, ngaphesheya komgwaqo wind isendleleni, akhanyayo, komfula omncane. Amanzi ihlanzekile futhi icacile.

I omaphakathi

Kufanele ukuthi incazelo mdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" kuyobe akuphelele uma ingakhulumi ngokuqondile ngama utholakale kanjani umfanekiso omunye abalingiswa abasemqoka abazizwa ngayo. Kuthiwa imvelo Nesterov eside wafuna ukubhala nge umfana wakhe. Kodwa ngelinye ilanga uzobuya ngephutha ihlangabezana intombazane wayehlushwa isifo sofuba. Washayiswa wakhe ukubukeka: e buhlungu kobuntwana ubuso, kwabonakala bukhoma kuphela egqamile amehlo, wambuka ezinye ekuseni umbono. Yingaleso sikhathi lapho umculi waqaphela ukuthi ekugcineni wathola isithombe ingane.

Umdwebo sikhombisa noBartolomewu kancane ngendlela elula ezimhlophe ongumlimi ihembe, ibhande ayewubonile isiswebhu nokuqondisa ngezandla zakhe uhlanganyela amatomu. Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, ngokusho kuya Life, womfana uyise zithunyelwe ukuba ukubukeka elahlekile ihhashi. Ufuna ibe emehlweni le nsizwa, ungabona ubumsulwa umphefumulo wakhe. Babuka ixhegu kuyingozi kakhulu, abantu asebekhulile, njengoba bebona ikusasa labo esizayo.

Umfanekiso indela

Ezinye Umdwebo imfihlakalo ukunika lowo muntu abe usanta Push ezifihliwe le cowl. Umuntu angabona ukuthi ubudala ngobumnene lisiphathele ushushiso yakhe izandla ibhokisi. Kulesi ubonakala uthando nesisa, okuyinto baqondiswa ekufezeni ingane. NoBartolomewu, ubumi phambi indela, izandla ezigoqiwe lapho ethandaza, futhi imilenze yakhe kancane ibheke emadolweni, eyaphuma kuyi-zifakazela enhloniphweni ezithile ubungcwele lo mdala.

Ukwenza incazelo mdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu", kufanele eceleni ingasaphathwa Nimbus segolide ezizungezile monk ikhanda. Kwake kwathi ngo-1890, lo mdwebo kuqala kuboniswe embukisweni Wanderers, ke okungukuthi lokhu encane ngokuningiliziwe kubangelwa sina izingxabano phakathi abaculi. Zagijima ngokushesha baqaphela omunye iphutha isici: ubuso bomuntu omdala okulotshwe iphrofayli, kanye halo okucabanga phambi. Ukulandela ukuthembeka kwezobuciko, ubungcwele kwaba liboniswe umugqa elincanyana igolide kuphela, hhayi indilinga, like esithombeni. Kodwa, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ngokudweba ucezu ngendlela, umculi Mikhail Nesterov wafuna kudonse izethameli akuyona saint, t. E. Ukuze izici zangaphandle, okungukuthi ekulungeni kwakhe.

bheka umahluko phakathi

Umniningwane othakazelisayo okufanele kufakwe incazelo mdwebo "Umbono Young noBartolomewu": izinyawo womfana buthakathaka kakhulu futhi ezacile herringbone-like kuso, futhi ngemva Omdala - labanjengaye indela oki, ubudala futhi ukushwabana,. Lo muthi uye njalo komculo ukuhlakanipha nobukhulu.

Ukuqhubeka ukuqhathanisa isithombe ikhehla kanye nomntwana, akunakwenzeka ukuba wazi ukuthi ihembe elula emhlophe phezu umfana - kuba ingxenye bhá, etholakala maphakathi esithombeni. Limele nobumsulwa intsha, kanti ebumnyameni, izingubo cishe black Monk - ngokungagodli ukuhlakanipha okuthole ngokukhula ngeminyaka, nokuguga.

Isithombe Nesterov "Vision umfana noBartolomewu" okubhaliwe kakhulu obunobunye. Utshani umfana izinwele okusikhumbuza ekwindla ensimini futhi yellowing amahlamvu birches, futhi wakhe amabhuzu ibhulukwe zenziwa nge okufanayo imibala njengoba cockle umdala.

uchungechunge zabalingiswa St uSergiyu ka Radonezh

Nesterov - abaculi abangazange kwesokunxele umfanekiso saint ngoba cishe konke ukuphila komuntu. Ngemuva zokuqala ukucinga indikimba yendaba, ozinikele eSt uSergiyu ka Radonezh ( "Umbono Young noBartolomewu"), ke ukuqhutshwa elandelayo omkhulu ngendwangu - "Youth St. uSergiyu." Nakuba ukusebenza kuso, kubonakala ukudala legend of oNgcwele Russia. Kulelizwe wasenganekwaneni, imvelo kanye indoda ahlanganisi, kuhlangene ingokomoya sublime futhi sizindla ngomthandazo.

umculi Nesterov imidwebo zihlukaniswa namathafa zabo engavamile. Ngokuvamile, bethule bemvelo oqondayo eRussia emaphakathi noma izindawo enyakatho. Okunjalo uhlobo landscape libizwa - Nesterovsky. Ngaye esingokwemvelo mncane birch, Fluffy zikaphayini, mountain ash amajikijolo kanye namahlamvu ezibaziweyo futhi lisakazeka willow. Yilowo nalowo muthi ongatheli kuletitfombe njengoba sinikezwe enomphefumulo wayo siqu.

Thumela imisebenzi-wamavukelambuso

Ngemva 1917, Nesterov benza ikakhulukazi ekumeni sokuloba, njengokuba ibandla wayengeyena amaBolshevik behlonipha. Encwadini yakhe imidwebo umculi njalo nethonya bubheke le lyrical ulayini yakhe yobuciko. Lokho sika kungani wangena kwakhe ekumeni abesifazane. Lena kwaphawuleka ngokukhethekile lapho ebhala indodakazi yakhe Ukholo 1928. Yena kusenzo ibhola white gown nge obucayi pink izimbali phezu kwesifuba, ehlezi i kusofa ubudala.

Enye indodakazi yakhe, uNatasha, Nesterov ababethi isithombe sentombazane owaphila sikhathi French Revolution. Lesi sithombe ubizwa ngokuthi "The Girl ku ichibi," futhi wawulotshwe ngo-1923.

Kuvele Eqinisweni ezithakazelisayo ukuthi eminyakeni engaphezu kwaba Nesterov, lisebenza futhi kubonakala sengathi masterovitee art yakhe. Okudidayo ukuthi, kokuhle kunakho konke komhlambi ekumeni yabhalwa ngemva kweminyaka engu-70 ubudala. Umdwebi ngesineke abanye nje kuphela kodwa futhi nabo ngokwabo. Kukhona abanye bakhe self-portraits. On omunye wabo enza isizinda eweni eliphakeme ngaphezu White River. umsebenzi wakhe wokugcina kwaba landscape ngokuthi "Autumn e Village." Umdwebi wayejabula kakhulu ezweni lakubo futhi kancane elibuhlungu, kodwa eyigugu kangaka ngokwemvelo Russian.

Hlobo luni isithombe kubhekwe engcono kakhulu lempumelelo Mikhail Nesterov? "Umbono Young noBartolomewu" Yiqiniso. Ngokusho umculi, efuna ngempela yini abantu besikhathi kuphela, kodwa futhi inzalo balijabulela leli wobuciko. Iphupho lakhe sagcwaliseka. Manje salo mdwebo embukisweni State Tretyakov Gallery, ehholo inombolo 39.