Umkhathi womhlaba: umlando ukubukeka nokwakheka

emkhathini woMhlaba - imvilophi gaseous kule planethi yethu. By the way, like shell babe cishe zonke izindikimba zasezulwini, kusukela amaplanethi yesimiso sonozungezilanga ukuze asteroyidi ezinkulu. I umkhathi kuxhomeke ezicini eziningi - usayizi umzimba yasezulwini, ijubane layo uma igijima, isisindo kanye nemingcele isethi. Kodwa kuphela igobolondo iplanethi yethu iqukethe izingxenye ukuthi siphile.

Umkhathi womhlaba: umlando emfushane umsuka

Kukholakala ukuthi ekuqaleni ukhona, iplanethi yethu ayikaze ibe imvilophi gaseous. Kodwa abasha, elalisanda kumiswa nendikimba ethile esemkhathini njalo elokhu ivela. Isibhakabhaka Primary eMhlabeni kwamiswa ngenxa okuqhubekayo nokuqhuma kwezintabamlilo. Lokhu kunjalo ngoba izinkulungwane eziningi zeminyaka emhlabeni emhlabeni emgodleni kumiswa umusi, i-nitrogen, carbon nezinye izakhi (ngaphandle oksijini).

Njengoba inani umswakama emkhathini lilinganiselwe ke inala yaphenduka imvula - ngakho kolwandle kwakhiwa, ezilwandle kanye naleminye imitimba amanzi. In imvelo yasemanzini yazibonakalisa bahlakulele eziphilayo kuqala ezihlala emhlabeni. Iningi lazo zisetshenziswa yemifino eziphilayo, odala-mpilo ngu-photosynthesis. Ngakho, emkhathini woMhlaba yaqala ukugcwalisa lokhu igesi esibalulekile. Ngenxa yalokho, accumulations kwakhiwa zihlangana nomoya-mpilo ungqimba lwe-ozone esivikela iplanethi kusuka umphumela olimazayo emisebeni ultraviolet. Lezi zici, futhi wadala izimo yokuba khona kwethu.

Isakhiwo emkhathini woMhlaba

Njengoba yaziwa, imvilophu gaseous planethi siqukethe izingqimba eziningana - lena iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva, Stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere. Akunakwenzeka ukudweba imingcele ecacile phakathi kwalezi izingqimba - konke kuncike isikhathi sonyaka kanye latitude endaweni kule planethi.

IThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - engxenyeni engezansi gasbag, obude yisilinganiso sesifundo amakhilomitha 10 kuya ku-15. Lapha kulapho bagxila kakhulu emoyeni ozungeze umhlaba wethu. By the way, nakhu wonke umswakama kanye namafomu amafu. Ngenxa okuqukethwe oxygen we iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva isekela impilo bonke eziphilayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ekwakhiweni sezulu kanye nezici zezulu kwendawo - zikhona kwakhiwa hhayi amafu kuphela, kodwa umoya. Amazinga incipha nge kokuwa.

Stratosphere - iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva iqala futhi iphela ezingeni ukuphakama amakhilomitha 50 kuya 55. Lapha, izinga lokushisa kwandisa nge ukuphakama. Le ngxenye umkhathi kakhulu mahhala umhwamuko, kodwa likwazi ungqimba lwe-ozone. Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uqaphele ukwakhiwa 'unina parele "amafu, wona kungabonwa kuphela ebusuku - kunenkolelo zivezwa kakhulu wafingqa amanzi.

I mesosphere - welula kufike ku-80 amakhilomitha. Lesi sendlalelo kungabonwa iconsi elibukhali lokushisa njengoba ihamba phezulu. Iphinde kakhulu athuthukile omawala. By the way, ku mesosphere akhiwa okuthiwa "amafu noctilucent", okuyinto aqukethe zinhlayiya elincane ice - bona kuyabonakala kuphela ebusuku. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi emngceleni engenhla mesosphere cishe akukho emoyeni - imfushane izikhathi 200 kunalokho eduze komhlaba.

Thermosphere - ungqimba phezulu umhlaba gasbag, lapho ukuhlukanisa phakathi ionosphere futhi exosphere. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukuphakama lokushisa lapha liphuma ngokucijile kakhulu - endaweni engamamitha amakhilomitha 800 kusukela komhlaba kuba degrees ezingaphezu kuka-1000 Celsius. Ionosphere libhekene kakhulu kuncibilike emoyeni futhi okuqukethwe okusezingeni eliphezulu ion asebenzayo. Ngokuqondene exosphere, le ngxenye emkhathini ngokushelela emkhathini interplanetary. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi thermosphere ayiqukethe emoyeni uqobo.

It kuyabonakala ukuthi emkhathini woMhlaba - lena ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yobufakazi iplanethi yethu, kusalokhu okunqumayo ekuveliseni zokuphila. Linikeza zokuziphilisa, usekela ubufakazi bokuba khona le hydrosphere (amanzi igobolondo le planethi) futhi ivikela emisebe ye-UV ngokumelene.