UVladimir Evgenevich Fortov, umongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences: Biography, umsebenzi yesayensi

Russian Academician uVladimir Evgenevich Fortov - ngusosayensi uye baphumelele oluvelele kusizinda ngokomzimba. Isikunikezele umsebenzi wakhe zezemfundo lokucwaninga plasma-non-enhle, okusezingeni eliphezulu amandla ukuminyana futhi izihambisimshini detonation futhi ukushaqeka amagagasi. Manje isesikhundleni kaMengameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences.

kumiswa

Wazalwa uVladimir Evgenevich Fortov Januwari 23, 1946 ku Noginsk. Ngo-1962, wangena MIPT - eMoscow Isikhungo Physics Nobuchwepheshe. ukushaya izimo umfakisicelo Physical-Technical Institute curious. I Forts esikoleni eziningi ezemidlalo, kuhlanganise ukudlala eqenjini lesizwe le-RSFSR e-basketball. Ngakho-ke, uVladimir akazange acabange ngekusasa we nyuvesi, ngenxa quota ungase uthole cishe yisiphi isikhungo ngaphandle mncintiswano.

Ehlobo, lapho ontanga ngenjongo ukulungiselela yokungena izivivinyo, Fort imali ngokunganaki ngesikhathi kuleli zwe nge izihlobo eduze Dolgoprudny (lapho futhi MIPT). Esikhathini Physical-Technical Institute wambiza ngomngane. Ofaka isicelo isinqumo sokunikela "equliswa" izivivinyo nje ukuzijayeza. Once in the MIPT ngengozi, nqaba ekugcineni wanquma uyifake lapho.

Le nsizwa kwakufanele kwi ubuhlakani Aerophysics nocwaningo isikhala. Kakade ngonyaka wesibili waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngokwesayensi. Umholi umfundi waba physics ezishisayo kanye unjiniyela, Okufana iLungu eU.SSR Academy of Sciences Vitaly Ievlev.

iziqu esikoleni

mqondo lakhe bavikela Forts ekuseni (linikezelwa kuya thermodynamic Fermi-Zel'dovich inkinga). Umfundi kuphothula esikoleni esiphakeme futhi wazithola ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo. Njengoba ongowokuzalwa Noginsk, akazange abe ukubhaliswa eMoscow, ngokuvumelana nemithetho, kwakufanele ku ukusatshalaliswa ukuya Vladivostok. Ngaphambi Forts kokushiya wagcina ukukhuluma ngesikhathi yochungechunge ngokwesayensi. Kukhona le ndoda yaqala ukubuza imibuzo, usosayensi a. Ngokwe-Umlando Vladimir Nina, waphendula, "cheeky". Mina, babe nengxabano, futhi ngemva usosayensi inkulumo wamema physics abasha ukuba bathuthukise isihloko ucwaningo olusha. Forts ukhale ngokuthi kudingeka aye Vladivostok. Khona-ke umngane wakhe (kwaba omunye oyise ibhomu le-athomu Yakov Zeldovich) ebuzwa owathola uMklomelo KaNobel Nikolay Semenov asinika le nsizwa i sokuhlala eMoscow, okuyinto evumela a yokubhalisa nokusatshalaliswa inkinga. Futhi ngakho-ke kwenziwa. Forts wahlala enhloko-dolobha, futhi waba umfundi umfundi wase MIPT.

Ngalesi sikhathi ikhaya lazo onguchwepheshe esincane sasikanye esihlalweni Mechanics ngokomzimba. Ngo-1971, uVladimir Evgenevich Fortov bavikela mqondo yakhe futhi wathola degree of wabaholi wesayensi. Emsebenzini walo physics njalo wacabangela imiphumela yocwaningo lwalo kakhulu kuhambisana plasma bese ukushaqeka amagagasi.

ucwaningo lwesayensi

Ngemva sivikele mqondo wakhe uVladimir Evgenevich Fortov waqala ukusebenza Isikhungo Chemical Physics - Ihlangano yokuNgeza Chemical Physics. Kuchwepheshe abasha ukuncoma Yakov Zeldovich.

I-ICP Forts waqhubeka etadisha uthi okwedlulele ndaba ne-plasma ukushaqeka-onomfutho. Imiphumela yalo msebenzi waba isisekelo sezinguqulo ocwaningeni yakhe zobudokotela. UVladimir Evgenevich Fortov basophula ngo-1976. Esikhathini esifanayo, usosayensi lowacala babambisane nombusi Lvom Altshulerom.

Umsebenzi umkhakha isikhala

UVladimir Forts wahlanganyela hhayi kuphela ucwaningo plasma. Shock yakhe ukulayisha nesithakazelo ngezinto ezahlukene kanye kinetics zabo, amandla kanye nezici Thermo-mechanical ezimweni ezinjalo. Ososayensi ngokutadisha nangokuphila ngifuna izindlela ezintsha lokubhubhisa ukusonteka ukuthi kwenzeke ekucindezelekeni ephakeme ashukumisayo. Imininingwane abahlukile futhi zathola okuhlangenwe nakho kulezi nophenyo wazibonakalisa kudingekile kakhulu in the 1980 nge obhekwe "Vega" - Uhlelo International Space, lapho afundela khona Comet Halley sika.

Okokuphenya okudingekayo ukuze uvikeleke ngempumelelo kusukela meteorite imithelela. Le nkinga yayingatholakali lapho kuphela endaweni temakhono Vladimir Fortova kanye nabalingani bakhe. Ososayensi baye basungula hhayi kuphela Ukuvikelwa ukushaqeka ngokuba iphenya, kodwa pyleudarnye amathuluzi esayensi. Bonke ngothi lwabo, kanye emkhathini, abhekana ngayo umsebenzi walo. Ezifundweni umthelela imihlola ukhathazekile eSoviet umkhakha ukuzivikela. Maphakathi nawo-1980 Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich, kanye nozakwabo saseTomsk naseNovosibirsk, wayeqhuba izifundo eziningi ezihlobene izakhiwo zokuzivikela materials asetshenziswe ekukhiqizeni kanye nemishini ekhethekile.

Okuhlangenwe Nakho Nezingxoxo okutholakele

Nge izikhungo eziningi zesayensi phakathi ucwaningo lwabo wabambisana Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich. Usosayensi Ingemuva ngokwamazinga elihlobene ne-Institute of okushisa aphakeme futhi Institute of Jikelele Physics, Academy of Sciences of USSR obuhlukahlukene. Kule minyaka engu-Vladimir Forts olwenziwa ucwaningo nge pulsed laser imishayo, okwenza bakwazi ukwenza onobuhle yezamakhompyutha ezihlobene isikhala emkhathini. Emazingeni aphezulu, i-Institute awagcina emile electrodynamic railgun namafutha.

Ngo-1980, uVladimir Forts waqala ucwaningo ukuthola indlela zidlulisela amandla alufakwa zibe isayensi ezibalulekile emisebeni kagesi. Kubo, ngesikhathi ICP Sakhe uphiko oluyisipesheli, okuyinto ngo-1987 wathola multimegavattnye amaza kuqala isici emisebeni microwave. Ngungqondongqondo lokhu impumelelo kwaba Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich. Ubuzwe, yobudala kanye nezinye izici ashwabene phambi ithrekhi yashiya kwezesayensi Soviet.

ucwaningo oluqhubekayo

Ngesikhathi isinyathelo uVladimir Fortova ngo-1986 e-Institute of Amazinga okushisa aphezulu waqala ucwaningo ku ephezulu lokushisa physics ezishisayo. Ngenxa yalo msebenzi kwenziwa zezitsha okwakudingeka ucwaningo nge ophezulu pulsed futhi lokushisa. Ngokushesha babebiza futhi yayiqhutshwa ucwaningo eziyisisekelo, into okwakukhona izakhiwo ndaba, ababesezweni isesimweni esibi kakhulu.

Ukuze isifundo Fortov izinto ziyaqothuka udale esiyingqayizivele eyindilinga ukuqhuma ekamelweni (wenkundla uhlobo kwafakazela esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni). Lokhu imishini esasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Ikhamera nezinye ukufaka afanayo e-Institute of Physics Thermal of Extreme States, lapho ngaleso Russian Academy of Sciences manje isikhungo ezikhethekile, okuyinto ngokukhethekile zonke izinhlobo ukuqhuma.

experimenter

Okufanela esiyingqayizivele Vladimir Fortova njengoba nososayensi ukuthi azidalile ensimini entsha lonke physics - physics othakazelisayo akhishwe ububomvu obukhulu. Ukuze lokhu yena wathola umklomelo iqanjwe uPercy Bridgman. Usosayensi yayiphawuleka futhi ekhaya. Ngo-1987 wakhethwa ilungu ohambelana we-Academy of Sciences zase-USSR, futhi ngo-1991 - ilungu okudalwe Russian Academy of Sciences.

Ngo-1990, uVladimir Forts isungule ucwaningo yayo siqu kwi crystal liquid ne-plasma. Manje elaliyifa lakhe kwaba hhayi kuphela endaweni yokucwaninga evamile, kodwa futhi eyinkimbinkimbi esemkhathini "Mir", kanye-International Space Station. Lezizifundo waqala ukuphayona. Bakhandwa kwenziwe ngendlela ebanzi ingcindezi kanye lokushisa ububanzi. naphakathi ezisetshenzisiwe ezifana plasma osenyameni kukhanya zamanje ngqo, plasma yenuzi olubangelwa, i-plasma, plasma ugongolo kanye emisebeni yelanga t eyenga. D.

On abaqaphi isayensi

UVladimir Fortov waqala ukuba luthathe uhulumeni ezibalulekile futhi izikhundla zezemfundo ngesikhathi kuwa eU.SSR kwavela Russia entsha. Leyo kwakuyiminyaka enzima, futhi ososayensi ukwenza konke kwakuxhomeke kuye ukuthi negate izitayela ongathandeki isayensi yasekhaya. Wayehola Russian Foundation for Basic Research.

Futhi physics wafika uhulumeni, lapho aba iPhini likaSihlalo weKomidi State Science. Phakathi nenkathi yenguquko ngokuba isayensi Russian Vladimir izinqaba ukuvela eziningi phambili ekukhulumeni kwabezindaba, ngokubhala izihloko wasivikela kakhulu izithakazelo zezemfundo yezwe. Ngenxa yemizamo yakhe uvele MVS 1000M - supercomputer uyakwazi izindodla imisebenzi ngomzuzwana kwenziwe.

Ukhetho kaMongameli Russian Academy of Sciences

Ngo-2013, it umhlangano jikelele Russian Academy of Sciences. ikhanda entsha ye-Russian Academy of Sciences, wakhethwa emcimbini. Ngaphezu kwalokho Fortova, isikhundla sokuba Alexander amangalelwe Nekipelov futhi Zhores Aleferov. Esikhathini ivoti yahanjelwa abantu abangaphezu kuka-1,300. Ngokusho imiphumela yayo beat Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich. UMongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences yazuza 58% wamavoti.

Izintandokazi ngesikhundla zezemfundo esibaluleke kangaka, uVladimir Forts waqhubeka isinyathelo rotary career abo zezemfundo. Isimo umsebenzi ungavumeli uMongameli RAS, njengasekuqaleni, ukuze bahlanganyele ucwaningo. Ososayensi abaningi baye bagxekwa ukukhetha kwayo "bureaucratic".

Forts ngokwakhe wachaza isinqumo sakhe ngokuthi, njengoba umengameli, wayengumuntu, ngokombono wakhe, uyoletha okuningi izuzisa isayensi Russian. uhlelo lwakhe ukuze ukhetho yayisekelwe umqondo kabusha of RAS. Abaningi Academy wafinyelela esiphethweni ukuthi sekuyisikhathi afeze kabusha ezibucayi isayensi Russian. Ukubuka efanayo olwabiwa Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich. UMongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences waqokwa ngokuveza umbono ethandwa kakhulu emphakathini zezemfundo yezwe.

Izinkanuko emhlabeni izinguquko RAS

Ngemva kwezinyangana emva kokhetho Fortova waqala kabusha Academy. Nokho, ezintweni zalo sikhathi babengebona ososayensi, kanye nezikhulu eMnyango Wezemfundo kanye nesayensi. Ngenxa yalokhu, Vladimiru Evgenevichu Kwakudingeka baqale nilwe nenchubokuphatsa. Ngo ingxoxo yakhe, waphawula ukuthi akuvumeli izikhulu RAS ngilunge ngubani Awunawo maqondana nalo. Lonke nakho emhlabeni, wagcizelela ukuthi uMengameli Jacob Zuma Academy, ebonisa ukuthi izinguquko ezinkulu bezemfundo ezifana kufanele kuqaliswe kuphela ososayensi ngokwabo, ngempela nekhono abakwenzayo.

impumelelo yakhe eyinhloko esigabeni sokuqala ukuhlala kulesi sikhundla ngokuthi ukuphela Forts "ubuqaba", esenziwa minobrom. Iqiniso liwukuthi, ngenxa yezizathu zezomnotho emnyangweni ahlinzekwa uhulumeni ukwakha ikhomishana ekucwileni ezikweletini Academy of Sciences. Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich - umongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences, ogama oxhumana babaziwa emahhovisi okusezingeni eliphezulu, wakwazi ukumisa isinyathelo.

Imiklomelo kanye Recognition

UVladimir Forts uhlala kwenhloko yomnyango physics ephezulu lokushisa izinqubo MIPT. Ososayensi ngaphambili siqhubeke silalela kakhulu ukuqeqeshwa lososayensi abasha. Ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe agodliwe eziningi iziphakamiso zobudokotela futhi ze-master.

UMongameli we-Russian Academy of Sciences Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich bebodwa noma co-umkhiqizo izincwadi kweshumi ezimbili nezihloko ezingaphezu kuka-300 ezincwadini zikazwelonke nezamazwe ngamazwe. Usosayensi waklonyeliswa imiklomelo international Karpinski (ngo-1997), Bridgeman (1999), Planck (ngo-2002), Alfven (2003), Duval (2005) kanye Glass (2009 ) .. Njengesazi se-physics, enqobe i-Order "Ukuze Services kuya Motherland» II degree kanye Order Aleksandra Nevskogo. Fortov uVladimir Evgenevich, ogama othintana nabo ku-Russian Academy of Sciences, futhi namuhla iyaqhubeka nomsebenzi wayo asebenzayo ukuze kuzuze isayensi yasekhaya.