Umbono wabahlaziyili ngemiphumela yokubambisana kweRussia ku-WTO

I-World Trade Organization (i-WTO) yasungulwa umphakathi womhlaba onomgomo bonke ababambiqhaza bayoba khona okulinganayo emakethe yokuhweba emhlabeni.

Ngaphambi kokujoyina i-WTO, iRussia, njengamanye amazwe omphakathi, yaphishekela imigomo ethile, okuyinhloko yayo:

• Ukuthuthukisa ukutholakala kwemikhiqizo yaseRussia ezimakethe zomhlaba;
• Ukuqedwa kwemingcele ebandlulula ekuhwebeni neRussia ngamanye amazwe;
• Ukuthola iziqinisekiso zomthetho ezisuka emphakathini womhlaba uma kwenzeka izingxabano zohwebo;
• Ukwanda kwezinga lokutshalwa kwezimali lwangaphandle okumele kwenzeke mayelana nokuletha imithetho yaseRussia ngokuhambisana nomhlahlandlela womthetho we-WTO;
• Ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuncintisana kwempahla yaseRashiya;
• Ukubamba iqhaza ekwakhiweni kwemithetho yezohwebo zomhlaba wonke, kucatshangelwa izithakazelo zomhlaba;
• Ukwandisa isithombe saseRussia njengelungu le-WTO.

Echaza imiphumela yokubuyiselwa kweRussia e-WTO, iSt. Petersburg Policy Foundation embikweni wayo othi "iRussia kanye ne-WTO" ithi abaseRussia babhekene nezinkinga ezithile. Lesi siphetho senziwa yiSikhwama ngenxa yokuthi izwe lethu liphoqelelwe ukwethula izinyathelo zokuvikelwa, futhi lokhu kubangelwa izingxabano zezohwebo.

Ngokusho kwabahlaziyi, ukugeleza kwenyama nobisi kuye kwanda kakhulu ngaphesheya komngcele ovulelekile kwizimpahla zangaphandle. I-Institute for Economical Agrarian ihlole imiphumela yokuqala yokubambisana kweRussia ku-WTO futhi yathi ukungenisa ubisi olomile ngoDisemba 2012 kwadlula amathani ayizinkulungwane ezingu-7,5, kuphela ezinyangeni ezimbili kuphela, okwenyuka kwamaphesenti angu-210.

Ukulungiswa kwe-WTO yaseRussia ezinyangeni ezimbili nje kuphela kwandisa ukwanda kwebhotela ngo-136, kanti ushizi ngamaphesenti angu-116, uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngo-2011, okuningi kwaqala ukuvela emikhiqizweni yemfuyo, futhi intengo yayo ensimini yeRussia iyawa.

Ezindaweni ezisemaphandleni zaseRussia, intengo yezingulube eziphilayo iyanqatshwa ngamaphesenti angaba ngu-30, futhi imisebenzi yamasiko kulolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo yehla kusuka kumaphesenti angama-40 kuya ku-5.

Echaza imiphumela ye-accession yaseRussia e-WTO, iSt. Petersburg Policy Foundation embikweni wayo uthi akusekho izinzuzo ezibonakalayo zokujoyina i-WTO. Lesi simo singase sibe ngenxa yokuthi iRussia ayikathuthukisi "ingqalasizinda" yokuhlala kule nhlangano yomhlaba. Azikho izenzo ezijwayelekile ezilawula ubulungu e-WTO, akukho ukumelelwa kweRussia ku-WTO okwakhiwe, kuphawulwe ukuthi kukhona imali enganele yokwesekwa kwezomthetho okuhlose ukuxazulula izingxabano.

Ukubambisana kweRussia ku-WTO kuye kwembulani enye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu: e-WTO, iRussia kumele isebenze ngokubusa okulodwa, futhi yakha ubudlelwane e-Customs Union neBelarus naseKazakhstan - ngakolunye uhlangothi. Naphezu kokuthi uhlaka lwezomthetho lwe-Customs Union lwakhiwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho ye-WTO, inkinga iwukuphela kokuchazwa kwemithetho ekhona.

Ukufunda imiphumela ye-accession yaseRussia ku-WTO, abahlaziyi bathi ukulungiselela le nqubo kunakekelwa kakhulu ekuchazeni kahle izinto, futhi kunezinto eziningi ezingokoqobo ezilahlekile.

Njengoba uMaxim Medvedev, umqondisi woMnyango wezokuThengiswa kwezohwebo eMnyango WezokuThuthukiswa Komnotho, uchaza ukuthi iRussia ihlale ivikela izithakazelo zayo ngokuqhubekayo: ezinye zezimingcele ezithathwe kwizimpahla zaseRussia sezivele seziphakanyisiwe, futhi imiphumela yokugcina yaseRashiya e-WTO ingashiwo ngemuva kweminyaka eminingana.