Potassium Ukwandisa igazi: Izimbangela Nezingozi Ukwelashwa

Igazi Ukwakheka wehlukile kakhulu. It has a lot of ejenti obhekene izifundo izinqubo ezihlukahlukene emzimbeni. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba silondoloze isimo Ukwakheka njalo ionic egazini. Kuphela kulesi sifundazwe lingabizwa flow iseli izimpendulo. A indima ekhethekile fanele phakathi ion potassium. Trace isici kuqinisekisa ukusebenza evamile inhliziyo. Uhlanganyela izinqubo kwamakhemikhali ebuchosheni futhi izitho ezithile ipheshana wokugaya ukudla. Zonke lezi zinhlelo ongahlabeki uma kukhona potassium zandiswe igazi. Izimbangela kulesi simo zidinga ucwaningo enemininingwane.

Indima potassium emzimbeni

Izakhi trace eziqukethwe amaseli, unesibopho eziningi izinqubo ezenzeka emzimbeni. It lucwaningo ukulawulwa kwamanzi esele, kujwayeleke inhliziyo isigqi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-potassium kuthinta ukusebenza amangqamuzana amaningi, ikakhulukazi imisipha futhi izinzwa.

Lokhu amaminerali trace kuvusa ukucaciseleka engqondo, kusiza umzimba ukuqeda ubuthi, ngcono oxygenation zobuchopho. Imiphumela efana potassium immunomodulators. Trace isici ngempumelelo isiza kanjani ukulwa komzimba futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi.

Ngakho, indima potassium ngoba umzimba simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Ukulungisa ibhalansi acid-base egazini, ibhalansi amanzi esitokisini futhi uketshezi intercellular, ukulinganisela amanzi-usawoti, ingcindezi osmotic.
2. ukudluliselwa nerve amaza.
3. Ukwenza kusebenze enzyme ethile e-carbohydrate amaprotheni umzimba.
4. Ukugcina evamile inhliziyo isigqi.
5. Amaphrotheni Synthesis, ukuguqulwa glucose glycogen.
6. Ukunikeza ukuzinza we izinso (umsebenzi excretory).
7. Thuthukisa umsebenzi wamathumbu.
8. evamile ukwesekwa ingcindezi.

Kuyona inikele konke lokhu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqonde lokho kufihlwe, uma ithola i potassium zandiswe igazi, izizathu lesi simanga. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba baqonde imithombo zokugula kumelwe kuphawulwe kuyi esisodwa esibalulekile.

Izinga anda ingozi?

Okuqukethwe trace element emzimbeni lithembela ngokuphelele izinqubo ezifana:

• ukusetshenziswa potassium ne ukudla;
• nokusakazwa kwayo emzimbeni;
• Ukuhoxiswa element trace.

cha "edepho" akuyona ezibekwe emzimbeni womuntu ngenxa potassium. Ngakho-ke, iyiphi ukuphambuka kusuka ezingeni oyifunayo kungaba avuse ezihlukahlukene iziyaluyalu. Asizwise lokhu kungani potassium igazi anda noma lehla ngokushesha, kanti izinga kuyini.

Ekuqaleni, cabanga ngalokho okuqukethwe Micronutrient njengento eyamukelekayo.

Ngoba umuntu kuyingozi kanye nokuntuleka kanye potassium ngokweqile. Ukwandiswa potassium igazi, uma ukuhlaziywa libonisa okuqukethwe izakhi mkhondo plasma, idlule ukubaluleka 5.5. Kulokhu, isiguli sekutholakele ukuthi sine- hyperkalemia.

Kuye inani "okungalé" potassium nesineke angagcina:

1. Ukukhubazeka nezicubu kwemisipha. Isimo kungaba yinto yesikhashana. Yena kuhambisana ubuthakathaka jikelele.
2. arrhythmias inhliziyo. Isiguli zingavela ventricular paroxysmal tachycardia nezinye isimo ngokulinganayo edabukisayo. Ezinye zazo kungaholela kuze kube ngisho nasekufeni.
3. Ukwephula umsebenzi zokuphefumula, kuze esitobhini.

izizathu Amanga sokwanda

Ngakho kungani potassium zandiswe igazi kungabonakala nasemkhakheni? Izimbangela kulesi simo ziyiqiniso noma zingamanga. On the lokuqala, sizobe ukukhuluma kamuva. Futhi manje awubheke ukuthi izici ingase ibonise hyperkalemia zamanga. Bonke abahlangene nge kahle igazi amasampuli imiklamo.

Uhlaziyo ingase ibonise i okuqukethwe lenyuke potassium, lapho:

• ehlombe isikhathi eside esiye onomfutho amahanisi (imizuzu engaphezu kuka 2-3);
• izinto eziphilayo azithathe egcinwe ngokungalungile;
• igazi izibonelo zalokho okwenzeka ngemva kokungena amalungiselelo umzimba potassium;
• phakathi ukuhlaziya walimala Vienna;
• isiguli liphakeme anda wamangqamuzana egazi amhlophe, izinhlayiya zegazi.

Uma udokotela ophikayo imiphumela cwaningo, isiguli Kunconywa ukuba thatha futhi bamba futhi isivivinyo.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Manje siza umthombo weqiniso, lapho kukhona lizinga lelitfutfukile potassium igazi. kungaba Izizathu ngenxa ithonya yizici zangaphandle noma kube umphumela pathologies yangaphakathi.

Ngokuvamile imithombo hyperkalemia zihlanganisa:

1. imikhiqizo ngokweqile ukuhlukunyezwa equkethe esiningi potassium. Ukudla okunjalo efana nuts, u-cauliflower, izithelo ezomisiwe, amakhowe, Molasses, ubhanana, ikhuthaza trace sakhi plasma yegazi. Nokho, isimo sokuthunjwa sokugembula singenzeka kuphela uma isiguli uye kahle umsebenzi kwezinso, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi excretory.
2. ngabodwa lelincomekako lamaseli potassium. ukwabiwa kabusha komhlaba okunjalo ion kungenziwa nje isuke ibangelwa kwempilo emzimbeni. Ezimweni eziningi, izimpawu ezinjalo kwakucatshangwa ukuthi ngiyibone okuqukethwe ongaphakeme insulin, kukhuphuke glucose okuhlushwa, lactic (acidification uketshezi interstitial). Ukwehluleka izinqubo umzimba, lapho likhuphuka uketshezi kule potassium intercellular, kungabonakala nasemkhakheni ukubola zokwakheka isimila, ukusha olubanzi, umonakalo omkhulu kwemisipha zesivikelo sesifuba.
3. Okuphansi excretion urinary. Imbangela enkulu yalesi isimo - ukwehluleka kwezinso lapho ukwehluleka sitholakale nemisebenzi excretory. mkhuba ezingemnandi kungenziwa wabizela namanye izifo. Hyperkalemia ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngaphansi kwesimo esingamahlalakhona adrenocortical, nephropathy sikashukela, izifo letindzala (ezifana lupus, amyloidosis).

imithi izimbangela

Kukhona omunye umthombo, okwaphumela odokotela bethi potassium egazini lenyuke. Izimbangela kulesi simo kungenziwa kufihlwe isicelo amalungiselelo ezithile zokwelapha. Sicela uqaphele ukuthi imithi ethile ngokuvamile akhiqiza izimpawu kunalokho edabukisayo.

Hyperkalemia kungase kubangele:

1. Ama-NSAID.
2. isisu potassium-engashiyi, "Triamterene", "Spironolokton".
3. Izinto kokuba lokuhlushwa eliphezulu cations. Lokhu ahlukahlukene isitshalo amaqoqo sembabazane, milkweed, dandelion.
4. Ukuthaka imithi ukuthi zingaphazamisa ezokuthutha potassium ngokusebenzisa ulwelwesi cell. Le mithi kukhona glycosides inhliziyo, beta-blocker, imithi "Mannitol".
5. Ukwehlisa ukukhululwa kwe aldosterone. Lokhu imithi antifungal, ACE blocker izidakamizwa "Heparin".

Izimpawu sici

Kahle ukuhlonza izimbangela potassium okusezingeni eliphezulu e-plasma kungaba udokotela. Kodwa isiguli kufanele sinake izinto umzimba kuwuphawu inkinga.

Lapho hyperkalemia isiguli zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• hyperactivity, ukucasuka, uvalo ukukhathazeka, ukujuluka kakhulu;
• esiwohlozayo imisipha okungabangela inkinga yezinzwa, ukuba buthakathaka kwezicubu kuzibonakalisa;
• arrhythmia kwenzeka cardiopsychoneurosis ;
• kukhona ukukhubazeka ijwabu imisipha;
• iphazamiseke wamathumbu, isiguli ehlupheka amajaqamba;
• Kubonakala dysuria (kuba ophilisayo yenqubo).

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Thola wokuqukethwe lelisetulu potassium negazi akunakulidla kuphela izifundo laboratory.

Ukuze uphethwe leziguli ebekiwe vivinyo:

1. Blood donation. Kuyinsakavukela okuqukethwe 3.5-5.5 mmol / L e serum. Ephambi kwezinduna okuqukethwe seka lesi sifo anda.
2. Urinalysis. Ukuxilonga lokuhlushwa potassium okuyinto okukhipha kusuka emzimbeni.
3. ECG. Pathology lisho amplitude okwandisiwe T igagasi, i side ventricular eziyinkimbinkimbi.

ukuphathwa isifo

Khumbula, lokhu ngempela usesimweni esibucayi, ngaphandle uma isiguli ine potassium zandiswe igazi. Izimbangela kanye nokwelashwa isifo zingelashwa ngokwanele kuphela nguchwepheshe.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, hyperkalemia ezinzima kungaholela ageleze njengoba kuchaziwe ngenhla, ukuze esiyingozi isimo sokungapheleli komuntu: ukuboshwa kwemigudu yokuphefumula noma ukumelwa inhliziyo. Yingakho ukwelashwa waqala ngokushesha nje lapho isiguli sekutholakele ukuthi sine-.

Ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa imisebenzi elandelayo:

1. Intravenous iqondiswa potassium abantu abamelene nani. Strictly ukulawula umsebenzi inhliziyo, udokotela inikeza "calcium gluconate".
2. Ukusabalalisa kabusha seka engqamuzaneni. Lokhu kunciphisa lokuhlushwa yayo igazi. Ngezinhloso ezinjalo, izidakamizwa emthanjeni, "insulini" futhi "glucose".
3. Isondlo potassium evamile excreted ku umchamo. Kunconywe isisu thiazide ezifana imithi "Furosemide".
4. Dialysis. Ukusebenzisa umshini ekhethekile ahlanze igazi. Lo mcimbi wabonisa isifo ezinzima.
5. Laxatives yizidakamizwa, ion exchange inhlaka. La mathuluzi aim at seka ukubambezeleka amathumbu okukhipha ke ngemva kwalokho angene endleni.
6. Beta-mimetics. Izidakamizwa "Salbutamol" kuvusa ukunyakaza potassium ku amaseli.

iseluleko esibalulekile

Kodwa khumbula: kubalulekile ukusungula true uma kutholakala ukuthi uphethwe yini anda potassium igazi, izizathu isimo esinjalo. Phela, kubalulekile ukubhekana nalesi sifo ecashile kunokuba izimpawu zaso. Uma ukugula cuphuluza reception kwemithi, udokotela ewohloza umthamo noma abolishes izidakamizwa sokucasuka egunjini lokuhlolwa kwezifo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziguli Kunconywa Ukudla, lokusho exclusion ukudla equkethe lokuhlushwa enkulu seka.