Umbhali Russian Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin:, ubusha, Biography

Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich - omunye nosaziwayo kakhulu izincwadi Russian Engxenyeni 1st kwekhulu lama-20. He is nombhali ezifana imisebenzi odumile njengoba "Olesya", "Garnet Isongo", "uMoloki", "Duel", "Junkers", "Labaqalayo" nabanye. Alexander ahlala ekhanyayo, okungavamile, baphile kahle. ngezinye izikhathi Ukudalelwa kwaba nokhahlo kuye. Ngiseyingane, Aleksandra Kuprina, futhi iminyaka ovuthiwe zaziphawuleka ngokungabi nokungathembani sphere ezihlukahlukene zokuphila. Wayefanele olulodwa-handedly ukulwela nokuzimela ngokwezimali, inkazimulo, ukuqashelwa futhi ilungelo ngokuthi umbhali. Ngezinsizi eziningi kwaba Kuprin. esengumntwana nangesikhathi intsha ukuba kwakunzima ikakhulukazi. Konke lokhu, kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe.

Umsuka umbhali esizayo

Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich wazalwa ngo 1870. edorobheni lekhabo lakhe - Narovchat. Namuhla usehlane Penza esifundeni. Okwazalelwa Kuprin, manje Museum (isithombe sakhe lapha ngenzansi). abazali Kuprina kwakungafanele ocebile. Ivan, uyise umbhali esizayo, babengamalungu umndeni yabakhulu abampofu. Wakhonza njengephayona isikhulu ezincane kanye ngokuvamile odakiwe. Lapho u-Alexander kwaba kuphela ngomnyaka wesibili, wafa ikholera Ivan Ivanovich Kuprin. Ebuntwaneni yomlobi esizayo, ngaleyo ndlela, lidlule ezingenaye ubaba. Akhe enzelelo kuphela engunina, okuyinto ukutshela ngaphandle.

Umama Aleksandra Kuprina

Lyubov Alekseevna Kuprina (nee - Kulunchakova), umama womfana waphoqeleka ukuba bazohlala endlini yomfelokazi eMoscow. Kuyinto lapha ageleza izinkumbulo lokuqala engangena wabelane nathi Ivan Kuprin. esengumntwana kubangelwe indlela unina. Wayedlala indima ophakeme empilweni umfana, kungokwenduduzo ikusasa emhlabeni wonke umbhali. Alexander wakhumbula ukuthi lona wesifazane kwaba nginenhliziyo eqinile, eqinile, efana inkosazana empumalanga (Kulunchakovy kwakungekaNkulunkulu umndeni elisencwadini yasendulo Tatar izikhulu). Ngisho e isimo dabukisa le Abafelokazi 'Ekhaya, uNawomi wasala kanjalo. Ntambama Lubov yayiqine, kodwa kusihlwa yaphenduka uyathakatha ongaqondakali futhi watshela izindaba indodana remade ngendlela yalo. Lezi izindaba ezithakazelisayo wajabulela ukulalela Kuprin. esengumntwana yayinzima kakhulu, lakhanya zamaqhawe emazweni akude futhi izidalwa angaziwa. Ngisho njengoba ingane, u-Alexander Ivanovich sasibhekene qiniso elidabukisayo. Nokho, nobunzima ungazange uvinjelwe waqaphela njengoba umlobi indoda abanamakhono onjalo afana ngazo Kuprin.

UBUNTWANA wachitha endlini womfelokazi

Ebuntwaneni Aleksandra Kuprina azithatha induduzo izigodi ezihloniphekayo, idina amaqembu, umtapo kayise, lapho ungakwazi sneak buthule ebusuku, Christmas izipho, okuyinto ziyajabulisa ngakho ukubheka ngaphansi kwesihlahla entathakusa. Kepha wayazana grayness intandane amakamelo, okukhona ayindlala ekhishwe ngamaholidi, iphunga izingubo breech futhi ngempama kubatjheji, futhi ngempela benza kanjalo hhayi ukuhlala. Yiqiniso, i-isinyathelo zobuntu bakhe washiya ingane isencane Kuprin. Biography of Esekhulile imakwe ngobunzima entsha. Kuyadingeka ukuba atshele kafushane wena ngazo.

Military mushtrovoe ebuntwaneni Kuprina

Ezinganeni bezimiso zawo kwakungafanele ongakhetha eziningi ngoba isiphetho olwengeziwe. Omunye wabo - i-career lempi. Lubov, ukunakekela ingane yabo, zanquma ukwenza indodana yakhe kwezempi. Nginomama Alexander Ivanovich kwakufanele alahle ngokushesha. ukuphila kwakhe kwaqala isikhathi omubi lempi mushtrovaya sika, okuyinto baqhubeka Kuprina ebuntwaneni. Umlando wakhe kwalesi sikhathi kuphawulwa yokuthi afike achitha khona iminyaka eminingana ezikhungweni isimo eMoscow. kuqala kwaba uyintandane Razumovsky ibhodi, ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile - eMoscow ubusosha Corps, bese Alexandrov Military School. Kuprin zakhe wazonda zonke esinye salezi izindawo zokukhosela zesikhashana. Ngokulinganayo eqinile umbhali esizayo nobuwula kwabacasula iziphathimandla, isimo Treasury, ontanga spoilt kanye nabanakekeli eduze nothisha, "yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi isibhakela", iwukuba bonke bobunjwa bashaywe okufanayo.

Yileso wakhula kanzima kwaba Kuprin. Ezinganeni kubalulekile ukuba othandekayo, futhi ngalo mqondo, u-Alexander Ivanovich kwaba lucky - ke zigcinwe kamama onothando. Washona ngo-1910.

Kuprin ethunyelwe Kiev

Kuprin Aleksandr, ngemva kokuthola iziqu ekolishi, wachitha iminyaka 4 ngenxa kanembeza. Wabe esethatha umhlalaphansi lapho nje kuvela ithuba (ngo-1894). ULieutenant Kuprin wakhumula iyunifomu, kube kuhle. Wanquma ukuthuthela Kiev.

A inselele ngempela umbhali esizayo waba ngumuzi omkhulu. Kuprin Aleksandr Ivanovich wachitha ukuphila kwami konke ku izikhungo zombuso, ngakho-ke, ayizange ezifaneleke abaphilayo ozimele. Kulesi senzakalo, kamuva Okuxakayo ukuthi Kiev wawuba 'njengephunga yesikole-Smolyanka "Ngalobo busuku waholelwa le wilds kwamahlathi kanye baphelelwe ikhampasi, ukudla nokokugqoka. Akulula ngaleso sikhathi waba umlobi olukhulu olungakaze Alexander Kuprin. Amaqiniso ethakazelisayo wona ngenkathi elapho e Kiev futhi axhunyiwe yilokho Alexander akwenze ukuze baziphilise.

Njengoba Kuprin yayiziphilisa

Ukuze bazigcine bephila, u-Alexander wathatha cishe noma yiliphi ibhizinisi. Khona manjalo wazama esandleni sakhe, njengendlela umthengisi ugwayi, induna ekwakhiweni, umbazi, umsebenzi ehhovisi, imboni isisebenzi, umkhandi wensimbi umsizi, Cantor. Ngesinye isikhathi, u-Alexander ngisho mayelana sina ukushiya esigodlweni sezindela. Kuprina wakhula kanzima, kafushane ezichazwe ngenhla, cishe phakade washiya uphawu umphefumulo umbhali esizayo, okwadingeka ukuba abhekane neqiniso elibuhlungu kusukela esemncane. Ngakho-ke, isifiso sakhe umhlalaphansi wezindela kuyaqondakala. Nokho, u-Alexander Ivanovich zaziyigolide, zilungisiwe nesimo esihlukile. kungakabiphi wazithola emkhakheni etemibhalo.

Okubalulekile etemibhalo ukuphila nakho kwaba le ntatheli inkonzo e Kiev amaphephandaba. Alexander wabhala mayelana konke - ezombusazwe, nokubulawa kwabantu, komphakathi kanye umphakathi. Wayenezingane ukugcwalisa ikholomu ukuzijabulisa, kubhala tindzaba ezishibhile melodramatic, ngenhlanhla, wayephumelela kakhulu umfundi artless.

Imisebenzi yokuqala sina

Kusukela ngaphansi Kuprina ngepeni kancane kancane amaningi aqala ukulishiya leli umsebenzi sína. Indaba "Uphenyo" (elinye igama ke - "Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule") yakhishwa ngo-1894. Kwabe sekulandela isenzakalo esivelele iqoqo "Kyïv izinhlobo", okuyinto wafaka Tindzaba u-Alexander Kuprin. lokusungula yakhe kwesikhathi okukhulunywa kanye neminye imisebenzi eminingi. iqoqo tindzaba letimfisha yanyatheliswa ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile ngaphansi kwegama "Miniature". Indaba "uMoloki", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1996, wenza igama sifisa abalobi. udumo lwakhe kwaqinisa umkhiqizo "Oles" wakhululwa ngemva futhi "Labaqalayo".

Ukudlulela Petersburg

Anton Pavlovich chehov, a negunya elikhulu izincwadi, nesithakazelo kulezi zincwadi yimpumelelo. Wahlangana nge Kuprin e Odessa, futhi wammema ukuthi asebenze "Imizwa Yabo Bonke", eyanyatheliswa ngo-St Petersburg.

Omuzi aqala Alexander Ivanovich impilo entsha eliqhakazile eziningi emihlanganweni, nengangibajwayele, imibuthano exokozelayo, impumelelo zokudala. Abaphila Besikhathi wakhumbula ukuthi Kuprin bathandile ukuhamba kahle. Ikakhulukazi, Andrey Sedykh, umbhali waseRussia, wathi yokuthi wayephila ukushayelwa, ngokuvamile wayedakiwe futhi ngaleso sikhathi wenza esabekayo ebusheni bakhe. Alexander Wayekwazi ukwenza izinto eziwubuwula, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nesihluku. A Nadezhda Teffi, umbhali, ukhumbula ukuthi wayeyindoda eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, umuntu omuhle, hhayi simpleton, lokho kungase kubonakale efika kuqala.

Kuprin wachaza ukuthi umsebenzi wokudala wathatha amandla amaningi futhi umzamo. Ngoba wonke impumelelo, kanye ukwehluleka, kwadingeka bakhokhe impilo, ekupholiseni izinzwa, umphefumulo wakhe. Kodwa ngezilimi emibi ibona tinsel ugly kuphela, bese njalo wahamba amahlebezi Alexander - playboy, uyakhohlisa futhi bedakiwe.

imisebenzi emisha

Indlela Kuprin ngabe noma yanqamula intshiseko yakhe, uhlala emva obuningi esilandelayo emuva edeskini. Alexander esikhathini exuberant zokuphila kwakhe Petersburg, wabhala yakhe manje esiyinhloko sehlelo inoveli "Duel". Ukuze le nkathi eyakhe izindaba yakhe eyathatha isikhathi esifushane "Swamp", "White Poodle", "Shulamith", "Induna Rybnikov", "umfula wamanzi okuphila", "Gambrinus". Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, kakade e-Odessa waphothula "Garnet Isongo", bese usetha mayelana nokudala ochungechungeni "Listrigony".

ukuphila Siqu Kuprina

Enhloko-dolobha, wahlangana kumkakhe wokuqala, Davydovoy Mariey Karlovnoy. Kusukela Kuprina indodakazi yakhe ULidiya. Maria Davydova wanika jikelele incwadi ebizwa ngokuthi "Iminyaka Youth". Ngemva kwesikhashana, umshado wabo waphela. Alexander Kuprin washada ngemva kweminyaka 5 Heinrich Elizabeth Moritsovne. Nale nowesifazane ahlala khona waze washona. Kuprina ukuba ibuye emshadweni wayo wesibili - lamadodakazi amabilii. Okokuqala - UZinaida, owafa ekuseni, waphathwa nenyumoniya. Indodakazi yesibili, Ksenia, baba actress abadumile amaSoviet nasemakamu imodeli.

Ukudlulela Gatchina

Kuprin, ukhathele esicindezelayo ekuphileni dolobha, washiya Petersburg ngo-1911. Wathuthela Gatchina (idolobha elincane elitholakala 8 km kusukela enhlokodolobha). Lapha, "green" endlini, wahlala nomkhaya wakhe. Ngo Gatchina zonke kufanele kube zokudala - Kuthule edolobheni, ingadi shady ne ze-poplar ithala ivulekile suburban. Lo muzi namuhla lihlotshaniswa igama Kuprin. Kunezindlela umtapo kanye emgwaqweni ogama lakhe behlonipha yakhe, kanye a qwembe lwesikhumbuzo futhi isikhumbuzo esizinikezele kuye.

Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe ukuze Paris

Nokho, izinga injabulo yaphela ngo-1919. Okokuqala Kuprin sasigcinwa empini ohlangothini omhlophe, futhi ngemva konyaka wonke umndeni bethuthele Paris. Aleksandr Ivanovich Kuprin abuyele ezweni lenkaba yawo engu-18 nje kamuva, ekugugeni kwakhe.

Ngezinye izikhathi ezahlukene, siyakwazi ukuchaza ezahlukene izimbangela ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe somlobi. Njengoba amangalelwe ngohlelo le wokuphila Soviet, yena waba cishe ngenkani bashiye White Army futhi zonke Eminyakeni eyalandela ukuza, kuze kubuye, behlupheka kwelinye izwe. Ababeshisekela bazame ukumgwaza, eneka umkhapheli, kokuba benana ezweni lenkaba yabo futhi ithalenta izimpahla angaphandle.

Abuyele ezweni lenkaba yawo futhi ukufa umbhali

Ngokusho Umlando eziningi, izincwadi, Diaries, okuyinto eyaba litholakale emphakathini ngemva kwesikhashana, ukuthi Kuprin elibanzi wamukela inguquko futhi ukusungula igunya. Wambiza ngokweqile "Ketha."

Lapho ebuya ekhaya, kakade ngobugebengu exhegwini, wamxosha emigwaqweni ukuze abonise ipumelelo eSoviet Union. Alexander uthi abasebenzi ukuthi amaBolshevik - abantu emangalisayo. Alone akucaci - kungani banayo imali engaka.

Noma kunjalo, kuthutha ka Kuprin basindiswa. Ngaye, iParis yayihlala edolobheni elihle, kodwa umuntu ongamazi. Kuprin wafa Agasti 25, 1938 wabulawa umdlavuza emphinjeni. Ngakusasa isixuku esibalelwa ezinkulungwaneni ahaqa Indlu Abalobi Petersburg. Woza nalowo asebenzisana abadumile Alexander Ivanovich, futhi abalandeli abaqotho yomsebenzi wakhe. Bonke lwabuthana ukuthumela uhambo lwakhe lokugcina Kuprin.

umbhali Childhood A. I. Kuprina, ngokungafani kuya esemncane ezinye izibalo eziningi kwezincwadi sikhathi, kwakunzima kakhulu. Nokho, ezicini eziningi sibonga bonke laba badlula nobunzima wazithola umsebenzi. Kuprin, esakhula ezaziyincithakalo ngobumpofu, aluthola nengcebo engokwenyama, futhi udumo. Namuhla, umsebenzi wakhe, sihlangane phakathi neminyaka yakhe esikoleni.