Kuyini ibhalansi? ukuhlaziywa enemininingwane

Isihloko ekutshela mayelana nokuthi iyiphi izikali kafushane indaba yokudalwa futhi ezibhekwa ezimbili izinhlobo - futhi ekhishini phansi.

I Endulo

Kusukela esikhathini eside esidlule, ekuqaleni ubudlelwane olubanzi ukuhweba abantu iye yabona isidingo ukunquma ngokunembile isisindo impahla ethile kanye nobungako. Futhi uma, isibonelo, ne wokusanhlamvu ofanayo kulula (ungakwazi ngiyolinganisa amabhakede nezinye izitsha), manje-ke kuthiwani into kakhudlwana futhi ezahlukene isisindo ntathu, ezifana yenkukhu, inyama kanye neminye imikhiqizo nesypuchimi? Isikali yokuqala abangu eziye zatholwa abavubukuli esukela emuva V yeminyaka BC futhi zenziwa eMesophothamiya. Futhi, le divayisi kahle ukubonakala ku-papyrus ezisukela eGibhithe lasendulo, obuhlehlela kusukela ngonyaka 1250 BC. e. Kodwa uyini esikalini futhi bayini?

definition

Ngokusho amagama esemthethweni izikali - idivayisi sokunquma unesisindo esinembile bento ngokudalula indlela yangaphakathi noma ukuqhathanisa nge value inkomba. Eyokuqala isikali, okuyinto isikhathi eside isetshenzisiwe emhlabeni wonke baye isigwedlo. bona angahluka, kodwa isimiso bezilokhu united ababukeka indlela enesisindo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke - pan. Ngakuqopha kolunye uhlangothi izimpahla, kanye nezinye - ireferensi umthwalo (elilodwa noma ngaphezulu). Ngo ngokulingene zombili ukucaciswa ngokuqondile mass.

Ukuze ukuthi ngezinga elingaka, siyaqonda, kodwa ngasiphi isisekelo phansi yesimanje futhi okufanayo?

Umgomo we operation

Kukhona zinhlobo ezinhlanu. Lokhu isigwedlo, entwasahlobo (lapho isisindo kunqunywa degree of kokucindezelwa noma ngilulekela spirally nilimaza ingxenye metal) uhlobo (ukusonteka kwenzeka lapho inzwa abafanele) hydrostatic (lapho isimiso kusekelwe Archimedes 'isimiso) futhi wokubacindezela.

Okuvame kakhulu yasekhaya uhlobo spring, njengoba babe usayizi encane, kanti isixuku esikhulu kuqondile emafraktjhinini we igremu. Manje siyazi ukuthi izikali futhi siyini isimiso wezenzo zazo. Ake sixoxe okuvame kakhulu ukusetshenziswa noma ukukhiqizwa - phansi kanye nekhishi.

Floor

Amadivayisi anjalo asetshenziswa sokunquma isisindo amabhizinisi ukusebenza imithwalo ntathu okukhulu, okungase sizikhandle setha balinganise phansi, isibonelo, eposini. Kulo mBhalo, kumelwe babe abaphile ezinzile, olunembile futhi iqine.

Umkhakha wesibili kwesicelo - a luyingxenye yasekhaya. Lapha, izikali phansi kudingeka ukucacisa sabantu ababukele isisindo sabo. Ngokwesibonelo, abasubathi noma nje ngokufuna ukuba ulahlekelwe isisindo. Basuke izimpawu usayizi amancane ukujiya, isenzo ku entwasahlobo noma uhlobo gauge isisekelo. Esimweni sokuqala, zisebenza ngaphandle kwamandla, kanye nesidingo ibhethri yesibili. Nakuba ezinye onobuhle efakwe panel encane solar ukuthi ukushaja imizuzwana eyishumi ngakanye isitoreji amandla.

Ikhishi izikali

izikali ezinjalo zokudla ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kanye nezinye izikhungo ezikhiqiza ukudla. Ziyakwazi olunembile emafraktjhinini we igremu, isayizi esincane, bavikelekile umswakama, ukungcola kanye okushisa aphakeme.

Futhi, ekhishini izikali isetshenziselwe izinjongo yasezindlini, ukupheka, okuyinto mass ezibalulekile ikakhulukazi ngqo izithako.

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza

Ngaphandle izinsimbi ongakwenza eziningi nezinye izinhlangano nemikhakha. Yizo ezinquma isisindo imithwalo abagibeli esikhumulweni sezindiza, eziningi amaloli amasiko kanye nezinqolobane zommbila, isitsha nezimbobo futhi wesitimela ezikhumulweni. Izitolo okudayisa - yindawo lapho singabona ezihlukahlukene izikali ukulungiswa ngokuvamile.

Lena ucezu ebalulekile imishini wocwaningo zamakhemikhali, ngokomzimba futhi eyenza imithi kanye nezimboni ezindaweni ezifanele lapho izingxenye ngokunemba isisindo kubaluleke kakhulu.

Manje siyazi ukuthi izikali, abakwenzayo nalokho izinhlobo ezinkulu zalezi amadivaysi zikhona namuhla.