Ukuhlolwa Serological igazi e izifo

Serology - engxenyeni kwezokugoma, ukufunda antigen ukuphendula ku omzimba serum.

Serology - indlela ukutadisha serum amasosha omzimba athile noma antigen iziguli. Asekelwe izimpendulo kwesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela ezifweni. Kabanzi lezi zifundo ngesikhathi izifo ezihlukahlukene ezithathelwanayo nekubona iqembu igazi umuntu.

Ubani omiswe serology

ukuhlaziywa Serological iziguli babelwe izinsolo ku yisiphi isifo esithathelwanayo. Lokhu kuhlaziya kuyinto ezimweni engqubuzanayo ne ukuxilongwa kuzosiza ukusungula ejenti causative. Futhi kusukela imiphumela serological ke obujabulisayo buxhomeke ikakhulukazi ekubeni okunye ukwelashwa, kusukela incazelo silwanyana ethile ikhuthaza okuhloswe oluthile lokwelapha.

Yini impahla sifundwa

izifundo Serological ehilela zalokho izinto eziphilayo azithathe kusuka isiguli ngesimo:

- serum;

- ngamathe;

- indle.

Ukwaziswa esikhathini esifishane kumele kube ku okucwaninga. Uma kungenjalo, ingagcinwa esiqandisini ezingeni 4 noma ungeza uyalondoloza.

Ukuqhuba ukuhlaziywa kocingo

Ngu kocingo sokuhlaziya idatha ukulungiselela isiguli akudingeki ngqo. izifundo Safety. Igazi amasampuli ukuhlaziywa kwenziwa ekuseni esiswini esingenalutho njengoba kusukela vein cubital futhi kusukela esiyingini umunwe. Ngemva izibonelo zalokho igazi kufanele ibekwe endaweni oyinyumba, isitsha uphawu.

Serology Igazi

Igazi lomuntu wenza imisebenzi eminingi emzimbeni futhi insimu ebanzi kakhulu yomsebenzi, ngakho okukhethwa kukho nokuhlolwa kwegazi njengoba ziningi. Omunye wabo, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi serological. Lokhu kuhlaziya eziyisisekelo olwenziwa ngenhloso ukuqashelwa kwamagciwane ezithile, amagciwane, futhi izifo kanye esiteji esithathelanayo inqubo. ukuhlolwa Serological igazi esetshenziselwa:

- yokunquma inani amasosha omzimba ukulwa namagciwane futhi amagciwane kukhona emzimbeni. Ukuze lokhu ungeze isifo serum lwegciwane antigen whereupon yokusabela chemical ezenzeka Kulinganiselwa;

- ekutholeni i antigen ngu esasikhipha a omzimba igazi ;

- sokunquma zamaqembu egazi.

ukuhlolwa kwegazi Serological njalo kabili esimisiwe - ukuchaza okubakhona isifo. Sincumo eyodwa ukuxhumana antigen kanye namasosha omzimba kubonisa isifo iqiniso. Ukuze sibonakalise isithombe esigcwele, lapho ungakwazi ukugcina ukwanda isibalo ukuxhumana phakathi immunoglobulin, ayisiza futhi antigen kumele kube isifundo ozolandela.

izifundo Serological: cwaningo nokuchazwa kwayo

Ukwandisa inani izakhiwo antigen-omzimba emzimbeni kubonisa khona ukutheleleka emzimbeni wesiguli. Kuphethe ukusabela ethize chemical ngesikhathi ukukhula izinkomba egazini neqhaza yencazelo lesi sifo futhi isigaba saso.

Uma umphumela ukuhlaziywa kubonisa amasosha omzimba kuya ejenti, khona-ke kukhombisa ukungabi khona ukutheleleka umzimba. Nokho, lokhu kuyaqabukela kwenzeka, kusukela aphoyintimenti sokuhlaziya serological kakade ibonisa ukuthola izimpawu zesifo esithile.

Okungase kuthinte yi yokuhlaziya

Kuyadingeka ukuba eduze ukuqapha izimo lapho igazi amasampuli kwenziwa. Akufanele yini faka into egazini nezingahlobene nendaba. Ngosuku olwandulela Assay akufanele utjheja ukudla fat umzimba, uphuzo oludakayo kanye elimnandi. Kuyadingeka ukuba kuqedwe nezimo ezicindezelayo ukunciphisa umthwalo ngokomzimba. I izinto eziphilayo azithathe kufanele awele laboratory ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka kusukela isikhathi eside Imiphumela isitoreji serum esinqunyiwe sokungasebenzi amasosha omzimba.

izindlela Serological zophenyo

Ngo-laboratory umkhuba serology igazi kuba ngaphezu luhlolo bacteriological. izindlela Basic ethulwa:

1. ukusabela fluorescence, okuyinto eyenziwa ngezigaba ezimbili. Okokuqala ezitholakele afundwa omzimba antigen eziyinkimbinkimbi. Khona-ke isampuli lisetshenzisiwe antiserum ukulawula kulandele bayashintshana ekufukameleni izidakamizwa. Rif osetshenziselwa ukuthola ngokushesha ejenti causative asendabeni. Imiphumela ukusabela kulinganiswa ngokusebenzisa isibonakhulu fluorescence. Ukuze ukuhlola isimo kukhanya, ukuma, ubukhulu bezinto.

2. agglutination ukuphendula, okuyinto kuyindlela yemvelo yokusabela lapho elula ukusondelana antigen ezehlukene usebenzisa amasosha omzimba. avelele:

- yokusabela oqondile isetshenziselwe ukuthola masosha omzimba serum isiguli. Inani ezithile zama-bacterium wabulala ukungezwa serum futhi kubangela ekwakhekeni kwenze ngesimo ishq. Serologic zokuhlolelwa i-typhoid kwakusho nje ofeza test agglutination ngqo;

- yokusabela gemagglyutonatsii yokwenziwa esekelwe erythrocyte kungenzeka adsorb le antigen ezindaweni zabo futhi abangele kunenze nisondelane at contact yayo ne omzimba, futhi ukulahlekelwa kwenze ebonakalayo. It is lisetshenziswe inqubo ukuxilongwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo ukuhlonza ukuzwela kwabaningi kwezidakamizwa ezithile. Lapho sihlola imiphumela inzika kunakwe ukubukeka kwangaphandle. I KULETHA ngesimo indandatho phansi tube kubonisa ukusabela okungekuhle. Inzika eyayifakwe imiphetho jagged kubonisa khona esifweni esithile.

3. Assay immunosorbent, ogxile isimiso zokujoyina enzyme ilebuli amasosha omzimba. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ubone umphumela ukusabela ukubukeka umsebenzi enzyme noma ukushintsha ezingeni layo. Le ndlela yokutadisha has eziningi eziwusizo:

- I am ebucayi kakhulu;

- reagents esetshenziswa - kukhona jikelele, futhi izinze izinyanga eziyisithupha;

- inqubo ikhumbula imiphumela yokuhlaziya ngemishini.

Izindlela ebhalwe ngenhla ngokusekelwe eBhayibhelini izifundo serological kunezimo eziningana ezisivunayo phezu indlela bacteriological. Lezi zindlela asivumela ukucacisa antigen kwamagciwane kwamaminithi noma amahora ambalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zifundo singakwazi ukubona antigen we lwegciwane ngisho emva kokwelashwa nasekufeni amagciwane abangela ke.

Inani zokuxilonga cwaningo

Imiphumela ukuhlolwa serological kukhona indlela eyigugu zokuxilonga, kodwa nge ukubaluleka asizayo. Isisekelo uphethwe namanje uhlala idatha emitholampilo. izifundo Serologic zenziwa ukuze uqinisekise uphethwe, uma yokusabela engahambelani nezinhlinzeko isithombe emtholampilo. Wavuma omuhle ukusabela serological izifundo ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa isithombe yayo emitholampilo awukwazi kumelwe ibe isisekelo sokukholelwa uphethwe. Le miphumela okufanele sicabange ngazo lapho isiguli inomlando isifo esifanayo, wathatha inkambo ukwelashwa okufanele.

Ukunqunywa izimpawu igazi lezinceku, isiqinisekiso noma ukuphikisa ka ubuyise, isifundo izifo zenani elikhulu eziyifa kanye sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba, ukufakwa ngobunjalo umthombo ukutheleleka ngesikhathi kubhubhane - zonke lezi usizo ukuhlonza ukuhlolwa kwegazi serological. Incazelo imiphumela inikeza ulwazi khona amaprotheni ethize ekungenweni uhlobo ugcunsula, i-hepatitis, i-HIV, toxoplasmosis, rubella, isimungumungwana, i-typhoid fever.