ECG ukucindezeleka: yini imiphumela ibonisa evamile?

Ukukhomba kwezinso ahlukahlukene inhliziyo ngokuvamile ebekwe i electrocardiogram. Indlela silula ngempela. Nokho, kubhekwa omunye kakhulu ulwazi. Uma inqubo alibonisi Imiphumela ecacile, isiguli iqondiswa i electrocardiogram nge umthwalo. Le nqubo ivumela ukuba embule zokugula kufihlwe futhi zibeka ukwelashwa okufanele.

incazelo Jikelele inqubo

Cishe wonke umuntu kwadingeka okungenani kanye ukuba kudlule inqubo okuthiwa electrocardiography (ECG). Kuyinto ukurekhodwa amaza kagesi (imisinga) lapho izinkontileka inhliziyo. Vikela idatha futhi silubonisa igrafu kuvumela idivayisi ekhethekile - i electrocardiograph. Lo mphumela ifana ijika eziyinkimbinkimbi. Kulungiswa amagugu wathola kuvame wahlanganyela ngudokotela.

indlela lilula ukuxilongwa isifo senhliziyo ukuze uthole imiphumela olunembile. Kuvele electrocardiogram ingenye yezindlela eshibhe futhi okungabizi. Inzuzo kungabuye ngokuthi akukho ukwephula ubuqotho isikhumba.

Electrocardiography kanye nemsebenti lotsintsa umtimba

Kukhona izindlela eziningana electrocardiography, enye yazo ibe umthwalo EKG. Inqubo evamile lapho isiguli uyaphumula, akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi abonise zonke ngeziphambeko inhliziyo. Ukubhalisa inhliziyo ishayela ngesikhathi umsebenzi ikuvumela ukuba kutholakale imbangela esiqondile isifo ngenxa umsebenzi asebenzayo we imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo wonke umzimba.

amasu

Yenza electrocardiography umthwalo ngezindlela eziningana. Eyodwa yezindlela ezivamile kukhona assays sokusebenza. Ayikho imishini ekhethekile alisetshenziswa, ikhoma isitophuwashi kanye cardiograph. Iziguli ucelwa ukuba wenze umzimba ezilula. Kungaba squats noma ushiya emsamo isinyathelo.

Veloergometry kubhekwa eyodwa yezindlela kakhulu ulwazi ka ukuhlola nekusebenta imisipha yenhliziyo. Ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwakhe i ibhayisikili umsebenzi ifakwe nemishini ekhethekile yokuthungatha nekhompyutha enamandla. Lapho ECG umsebenzi yonke idatha kuzodluliselwa kwikhompyutha ekuthwebuleni nokuhlaziya.

Indlela efanayo ekuxilongweni ukuhlolwa treadmill, kuphela esetshenziselwa umsebenzi treadmill. Uma isiguli siqala kabi, ukuhlola okuphelele futhi uyonikeza ukunakekelwa ngezokwelashwa kunesidingo.

Izinkomba ukusetshenziswa

Inqubo ivumela kusenesikhathi izinkinga ezikhona kanye nokukhuthazela senhliziyo esilimele bese usetha ezingeni isiguli ngasinye. Kuvele electrocardiogram ingenye yezindlela ezibalulekile zokuxilonga abantu abasebenza ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.

Yabela inqubo can ezimweni lapho ECG ejwayelekile akazange ngibonise noma yikuphi ukulangazelela angahlangani, kodwa uma isiguli ekhononda yokubukeka zesikhathi izimpawu ezingezinhle. inkomba Direct for zokukhwabanisa ndima nge umthwalo kancane kancane yilezi ezilandelayo pathologies:

• isidingo ukunquma uhlobo nezinga lokuziphatha yenhliziyo Umthambo isifo;
• fibrillation atrial ;
• izikhalazo kaningi ubuhlungu enhliziyweni;
• nomfutho wegazi ophezulu;
• azalwa naso futhi wathola isifo senhliziyo;
• arrhythmia, tachycardia;
• ukubonakala cyanosis isikhumba noma ubuthakathaka okungazelelwe.

Uma uphethwe kwangaphambilini phezu electrocardiograph kusikisela ukuba khona isifo senhliziyo, bese afeze uhlolo umthwalo akwenzi mqondo.

Izimo

Uchwepheshe kumele siqinisekise ukuthi azikho contra-izinkomba nangaphambi kokuba isiguli sibe ithola ECG nge umthwalo. Ngenxa kwezinye izimo, lolu hlobo uphethwe kungaba okuyisimo esisongela ukuphila. Zokwelapha, kukhona Izimo ngokuphelele futhi isihlobo ngoba zokukhwabanisa. Isigaba sokuqala sihlanganisa zokugula esindayo:

• isimo ngemuva isilethikusebenza (inqubo ukubambelela bengayi ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezinga-14 ngemva kokushaywa yinhliziyo);
• arrhythmia, hhayi amenable ukuba ukuchayeka yezokwelapha;
• isifo esithathelwanayo;
• pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis;
• congestive ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo;
• embolism yamaphaphu ;
• stenosis yomthambo i-aorta ifomu ezinzima;
• izinsolo useshonile e isixha isitsha.

Uma Izimo isihlobo nesineke udokotela kufanele banqume ukuthi isidingo electrocardiography nge umsebenzi.

Sifo uvamise ukunikwa kuphela njengesixazululo sokugcina lapho ezinye izindlela zehlulekile. Lesi sigaba sihlanganisa izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo ezifana kuntuleka i-magnesium ne-calcium, degree okunzima sikashukela, isifo senhliziyo kanye stenosis ngokulinganisela, arrythmia ventricular, i-hypothyroidism, kwesokunxele ventricular useshonile, lokuzalwa isisu.

inqubo kanjani?

Ukushaya electrocardiogram nge umthwalo, kubalulekile ukuba uthintane wenhliziyo futhi ahlolwe ukuthethwa kwecala. Uma isiguli ayinakho Izimo, kungaba nika ukuhlolwa ngebhayisikili emile (ibhayisikili ergometry) noma treadmill. I kakhulu futhi evame ukusetshenziswa samuntu kuqala.

Ngaphambi kokuqala uphethwe isikhumba isiguli inamathela onguchwepheshe inzwa. Inqubo ngeke kwenziwe kanyekanye ne nenkanuko edlulele wegazi. I nezinzwa aboshelwe endaweni ingqwababa, izindwani ehlombe wehlise back. Phakathi imizuzu emithathu yokuqala kubalulekile ukwenza Simulator 180 ngomzuzu (60 linemibhikisho ngomzuzu). Ngemva zonke imizuzu emithathu kuze umthwalo kuzokhulisa kuze lungaveli ukutubeka komzimba, isiyezi noma ubuhlungu.

Isiguli kufanele wazise ngemizwa yabo futhi udokotela ephelele inqubo ECG. Emva ukulayisha idatha kulotshwe eminye imizuzu eyi-10. Lesi sikhathi ngokuvamile okwanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushaya kwenhliziyo siphinde sibe nokuphila okuvamile. Imiphumela ithunyelwa kudokotela ngoba uyayazi imbangela.

Kahle ubachazela Imiphumela

ECG umthwalo inikeza ukwaziswa okunokwethenjelwa kakhulu ngesimo imisipha yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Isiphetho liqukethe izinkomba ezilandelayo:

1. umsebenzi (J) eyenziwe isiguli.
2. Amandla embundwini (W).
3. Izizathu ekunqanyulweni ekuqaleni kwesifundo.
4. Isiphetho ekusebenzeni.
5. Dynamics inhliziyo nomfutho wegazi lazo wawungcono.
6. Isikhathi wathatha kulesetayelekile amazinga inhliziyo nomfutho wegazi.
7. Ubukhulu wegazi ngesikhathi umsebenzi ezimatasa.
8. arrhythmias inhliziyo (ngokuvamile akufanele kube).
9. iziyaluyalu coronary (ngoba incazelo eningiliziwe uhlobo ukuhlukumeza, isikhathi nesenzakalo yayo).
10. ekilasini CHD kuye amandla ezingeni umzimba lapho ukuphambuka.

Kuphela wahlanganyela incazelo lobuchwepheshe ECG Imiphumela ukulayisha. Norma ukusebenza ihlukile kuye yobudala kanye ocansini isiguli. Ukusuka kancane kusukela kwezinkambiso wamukela namanje ungakhulumi khona isimo sokugembula. Uma kunesidingo, nenqubo kungaba liphindwe ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile.

isiphetho test

samuntu Negative ubonisa ukusebenza kahle eliphezulu kanye nokuntuleka izinguquko ECG umthwalo. Isampula kubhekwe ezingabazekayo uma usulungise ingxenye offset ST (ushintsho nalesikhathi igrafu phakathi kwamazinyo S and T). Isizathu salokhu mkhuba ingambozwa ekwandeni ukupholisa yamaphaphu, ukucindezeleka njalo, nokunwetshiwe ngemithi antiarrhythmic, i-potassium ukuntula emzimbeni.

Nge isampula eyakhayo evela isiguli atrial fibrillation, njalo amabhithi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ST ingxenye shift engaphezu kuka-2 mm. Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukuthi uqaphele isikhathi lapho kwakunabamemezeli nezimpawu ezifanayo, umthwalo esiphezulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo.

Yini umthwalo phezu ATRIUM kwesokudla?

I ECG eqoshiwe izifo ezihlukahlukene imisipha yenhliziyo. Omunye syndrome esiyingozi kuyinto hypertrophy we ATRIUM kwesokudla. Lokhu zokugula sivame ukuba khona izifo kwezitho zokuphefumula, ngoba lokhu kuyingxenye inhliziyo ixhumana ke ohlelweni yamaphaphu. Iziguli azalwa naso Umthambo yamaphaphu futhi kwesokudla atrial sindisa kuvela.

Valve zokugula kungabonwa ngesikhathi electrocardiogram. A uphawu ukuphambuka siyashintsha P. wave uphethwe Esifike Ngesikhathi kuzovumela ukuqala ukwelashwa okuhloswe ngalo ukuqeda lesi simo.

Ukulungiselela inqubo

Ukuze uthole imiphumela ezinokwethenjelwa, kubalulekile ukuba balungiselele ECG ekuthwaleni umthwalo. Ngaphambi test ukukhipha ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo nangokomzimba, ukulahla ukusebenzisa uphuzo oludakayo. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ayifakiwe ukuphuza imithi ezithinta imisipha yenhliziyo. Ibe nomphumela ongemuhle kwi yi isampula may ukudla esindayo.