Lokho kuveza ukuhlolisisa bacteriological? Ngoba noma yini uhlelo Kwenziwa? Asho zokuphepha kulesi simo? Imiphi imigomo kanye mlando ukuhlolwa bacteriological khona
ulwazi olujwayelekile
luhlolo bacteriological - kuyinqubo ngokwesayensi lapho amagciwane atholakala futhi izakhiwo zabo kufundvwe ngenhloso ukubeka uphethwe microbiological. Lokubaluleke kakhulu lapha ukuzimisela uhlobo zinhlobo okuqondene silwanyana etholwe (sicabangela isiko okumsulwa) noma. Lokhu kulandelwa ekutadisheni izakhiwo kwamakhemikhali bokuphila eziphilayo kanye propensity ukuze ubuthi. Ngenxa yalezi zinjongo, ukusabela kwezulu kanye agglutination. Futhi wayekwenza izilwane zokucwaninga elinegciwane, kulandele ukuthola izinguquko sokugembula.
Ukusebenza ukuhlolwa impahla
I-algorithm inikeza luhlolo bacteriological bawuhloniphe ngokuqinile imiyalelo ezikhethekile. Ngakho, kumele izinto test eqoqwe esitsheni oyinyumba ngaphansi kwezimo aseptic. Futhi, kufanele zinakekelwe ekuthunyelweni laboratory kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka. Kuyinto isitoreji ezifiselekayo zazo amasampula emakhazeni. Izindlela cwaningo bacteriological inikeza eziningi izimo ezingenzeka. Ngakho, uhlobo into, property lesi silwanyana futhi uhlobo isifo baphoqelelwe ukuthuthukisa imiyalelo ngabanye ukusetshenziswa. Leli phephandaba isebenzisa inani elikhulu izindlela ezahlukene. Omunye ezivamile - kuyinto bacterioscopy. Kodwa uma amagciwane kukhona unfixed, bese usebenzisa iconsi othulini noma uhlanganyela. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ezimbili zokugcina ongakhetha babe transmissibility ephakeme.
bacterioscopy
Kulesi simo imivimbo esetshenziswa. Ukwakha kwabo udinga iconsi uketshezi esibheka okuye kwasakazwa eminyakeni kobuso slide. Namantombazane kumele zoma ke. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa ukulungiselela ukunyakaza ngokusebenzisa ilangabi etholakala sikaphalafini igesi. Nakuba kungenjalo zingasebenzisa kokungathembeki izingoma. Ukubonisa ukuthi lokhu izidakamizwa izenzo wokulungiselela eyenziwa upende wakhe. Injongo zokukhwabanisa enjalo - ukunemba, okuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu lapho kwenziwa luhlolo ezincane futhi bacteriological. Phela, uma kabusha ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa enye inhloso, uthola iphalishi, ukusebenza ngempumelelo nalelo kuyoba nzima kakhulu.
Kungani bacterioscopy ethandwa kangaka
Okokugcina lokhu kungenxa ukutholakala le ndlela. Uma kwenziwe luhlolo bacteriological kwezidakamizwa fresh, ukucacisa lwegciwane ingasetshenziswa ukusabela microchemical noma ukudaya ukukhetha ezahlukene izingxenye zesakhiwo lesi silwanyana. Iyiphi kungcono? A yi esinembile ingatholakala uma usebenza amalungiselelo ibala. Kulesi simo impahla test sisetshenziswa ungene elungisiwe-slide engilazi. Ngaphezu kwalokho ngempela mncane (futhi uma kungenzeka ngisho) ungqimba. Ngemva kwalokho, kuzomele ulinde kuze umuthi emoyeni elomile. Izilokazane ezincane abese fixed eyodwa yezindlela ezivamile. Ngemva kwalokho, ukulungiselela echayeke ostuzhennoy umehluko staining noma upende elula. Ngenxa yale njongo ingasetshenziswa imikhiqizo ezomile futhi lwendabuko. Ngemva kwalokho uhlala endaweni ukuqondisa ekuqongeleleni eziphilayo ultraviolet noma elifushane ilambu elikuhlaza esibangela ukuvutha zonke bacterium, noma izigaba zomuntu ngamunye zomzimba.
Ngokoqobo microscopy
Isetshenziselwa ukuhlola eziningi izifo ezithathelwanayo. Isenzakalo esidume kunazo zonke kulo bayizinkulungwane sofuba, isipatsholo, futhi relapsing imfiva. Ngaphezu isifundo yakhetha ukutadisha yonke eziyinkimbinkimbi isitho noma umkhiqizo microflora. Kodwa abagxeki ngokuvamile ukhombe kungathembeki isihlobo kanye AMANGA le ndlela.
Izitshalo abanamasiko webhaktheriya nemikhutshana kuleso
Eyisebenzisa usebenzisa pipette Pasteur. Bacteriological kanye luhlolo cytological ngokuvamile kunzima nokuqalisa ngaphandle kutshalwa futhi iphinde itshalwe ngesikhathi senqubo zokusebenza. Lapho umsebenzi wenziwa nge pipette Pasteur, khona-ke ephula off ichopho nge udlawana. Ithuluzi ngokwayo ngathi sithe ngokusebenzisa elangabini bese wabe esenikwa ithuba kuphole. By endleleni, lapho izitshalo ingasetshenziswa kokubili liquid futhi okuqinile isiko abezindaba. Lithonya ukukhetha kokuba ke, imiphi imigomo bazingelwa luhlolo bacteriological. Kuyadingeka ukuba zithobele ukusebenza algorithm nokuphepha. Ngakho, lapho esebenza konemimoya izakhi ketshezi kuyadingeka ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi akukhona kwathululwa futhi oswakanyiswe onqenqemeni amashubhu kanye amashubhu. Lapho isifundo siqhutshwa material okuqinile, ngokuvamile wasebenzisa inaliti encanyana ekhethekile yokungena isiko. Lapho labetibambile izitshalo nemikhutshana kuleso, kumele kwenziwe emhlabeni ilangabi legesi ithoshi. Ukuze ubumsulwa tube experiment akumelwe ahlale evulekile isikhathi eside. Mayelana ithuluzi ne isiko: Kufanele uqinisekise ukuthi akukho ndawo ethintekile. Futhi imishini luhlolo bacteriological kuhilela evutha emaphethelweni tube ngaphambi kokuvala ke. Kakade umkhiqizo osuphelile kufanele kube ngokushesha ngemva womshini uphawu, ukugwema ukudideka esikhathini esizayo.
Ukuphumelela zokutshala
Kukholakala ukuthi le ndlela inikeza idatha kunembe kakhulu futhi kunokwethenjelwa ngesikhathi uphethwe bacteriological kuka bacterioscopy kubhekwe ngaphambili. Kulokhu, ukulandelana yezenzo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:
- Ekuqaleni isiko okumsulwa ngokuqamba amanga phezu medium isiko, okuyinto batheleka petri dish.
- Kokuqala zokutshala kumele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo okuyizinto esihle kulolu hlobo nezilwanyana ezincane.
- Ngemva kosuku, okwesibili ngo-khona isimo elilungile zonke amakoloni efanelekayo bafudukela lapho uzokwazi ukuthuthukisa kuya esiphezulu. Lokhu Ubakhulula, ngakho kusukela microflora angaphandle.
Umphumela wokugcina - isiko eyohlobo amagciwane kungathiwa.
isiko Net
Futhi lokho indlela uthole? Ngenxa yale njongo, begazi nezindlela lokukhanda. Esimweni sokuqala, zidlala indima ebalulekile isiko media, lapho kukhona izimo ezidingekayo ukuthi mahle sokuthuthukiswa isiko elithile. Futhi ingasetshenziswa indlela lapho itheleleke izilwane zokucwaninga nozwelo uhlobo oluthize amagciwane ukuphi. izindlela Mechanical zisekelwe ukusetshenziswa ithuluzi oyinyumba ngawo isiko ibekwe ku medium isiko ku izitsha lokuqala, lesibili nelesithathu petri. Khona-ke kubalulekile ukuba ulinde kuze sikhule amakoloni ngabanye, futhi wabo kuyodingeka ume isiko okumsulwa. Futhi, amagciwane zingatshalwa iyindawo ekhethekile, lapho izinga lokushisa inakekelwa ezingeni elithile (ngokuvamile ezungeze 37 degrees). Kulokhu, inqubo iqhubeka cishe usuku. Kodwa, kuye ngohlobo microorganism ukuthi ingafakwa kanye neminye imibandela. Lokunye lokubaluleke kakhulu ukutholakala emakamu ezidingekayo oxygen. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene aeration. Kuze kube manje siye wakhuluma ngesimo esasikhona jikelele, futhi jikelele, kodwa okwamanje ake lokugxila yini iqhinga lokuphamba ucwaningo bacteriological.
umkhuba
izindlela Inxanxathela avame ukusetshenziswa ukuthola Amagciwane emzimbeni wesiguli noma isithwali ezingaba khona. Izinto nezindlela kuxhomeke kulokho imigomo yokuhlaziya, kanye izimo zemvelo lapho umsebenzi wenziwa. Ekusebenteni, iningi amagciwane kutholwa ngokusebenzisa kokuqhuba igazi amasiko othathwa okomuntu noma isilwane. Uma unezilonda zendawo kahle imakwe, Amagciwane zingatholakala ezindaweni inkinga. Kuyinto ejwayelekile izifo ezifana uhudo, isipatsholo, idiphtheria, futhi abanye uthanda. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, sinqamukile le nqubo phansi izinyathelo ngazinye ukuhlolwa bacteriological (okuyinto isici typhoid fever). Ngamunye wabo isebenzisa izindlela ayo, okuyinto kuhloswe ngazo ukuthi kutholakale izimbangela ukutheleleka. Ake sihlolisise isimo kusukela typhoid fever. Esikhathini Ngesonto lokuqala isifo indlela enokwethenjelwa kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo singumbulali isiko igazi. On the yesibili okumelwe kwenziwe serology. On the ngesonto lesithathu ukuhlola kwesihlalo. Indlela zokugcina ubhekwa convalescents ihlolwe.
ukuhlonza nezilwanyana ezincane
Iqala nge inqubo Umbala yayo. Khona-ke ukubukela njengoba leli gciwane sokudiliza carbohydrate, amino acid nokunye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nqubo kungenziwa kulekelelwa ngokutadisha nezinye izakhiwo emimoya ngamunye uhlobo lwe ehlukile noma zama-silwanyana. Njengoba isibonelo, kufanele kuholele kungenzeka Ukuqedwa erythrocyte ezilwane ezihlukahlukene, umphumela plasma ekunqandeni nokonakala we ihlule fibrin, nokunye. Konke lokhu kungenxa izici ehlukile abamele ngabanye microcosm. Futhi, ukuhlonza serological ingasetshenziswa ukuqashelwa yokugcina (kodwa ngokuvamile kuziwa namagciwane abangela izifo ukuthi siwuhlobo ka emathunjini).
isiphetho
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi isibalo nezilwanyana ezincane azikwazi elibonakala izindlela echazwe esihlokweni. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa kakhulu umkhuba ukutheleleka of izilwane zokucwaninga. Kulindeleke ukuthi manifest isici toxigenicity noma pathogenicity, okuyinto ningagcini ngaphandle kwesibeletho. Ukutheleleka lungasetshenziswa njengoba indlela ekuqongeleleni amagciwane abangela izifo. Futhi uma kuqhathaniswa izici ekuhloleni isiko, wathola phakathi nesifundo izakhiwo begazi, morphological, serological kanye kwamakhemikhali, sikwazi ukukhuluma esikwaziyo nalokho uhlobo amagciwane, sibhekene. Ngokuzibiza uhlobo kusho okubonisa uhlobo uhlobo lwama-bacterium. Uma umzimba test sinqatshelwe ezakhiweni ezithile kusukela izici zayo ejwayelekile, kufanele siqiniseke ukuthi ucacise. Kuthiwa imibhalo eminingi ye ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi ezimweni ezinjalo kuyasiza ukuba ukuhlonza esisha ukuphindaphindeka zonke izindlela namasu. izifundo kwesinye isikhathi kufanele idluliselwe ezingeni elisha, okusho kalula (ezibizayo). Uma imiphumela engemihle etholakala, kuthiwa ekulungiseleleni amagciwane bebengekho noma kwakungafanele iphila. Kodwa ngobuciko nophenyo yenombolo esolwa bacilli yenethiwekhi (uhudo, idiphtheria, i-typhoid fever) Ezimweni ezinjalo ziboniswa amasheke okuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ochwepheshe unombono olunembile ngalokho kumele abhekane.