Ukucasuka - lokhu ... Ukucasuka nokukhathazeka

Ukucasuka - ikhono umzimba noma izicubu ngabanye aphendule imvelo. Libuye ikhono imisipha ungenwa ekuphenduleni ngilulekela. Excitability lamaseli ngokuthi impahla evumela ukuba lingene aphendule ukucasuka noma ukushukuma, isibonelo, ikhono nerve futhi kwemisipha amaseli aphendule umfutho kagesi.

Okubalulekile izakhiwo begazi

Ukucasuka - lokhu biology izakhiwo lendwangu, okungase ayiswe noma ukuphazamiseka ngaphandle futhi ayasabela ngokushintsha ukuba sesimweni ujabule. izindwangu maKristu abizwa abangothathekile futhi ube inani elithile izimfanelo nobuntu. Lezi zihlanganisa lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ukucasuka. Lona uma amaseli, izicubu kanye izitho labo abazokwazi impendulo ngu ukungenela ezintweni ezithile - zangaphakathi nezangaphandle.

2. excitability. Kuyinto izinga isilwane noma isitshalo amaseli, lapho kuba kunokwenzeka ukuze ushintshe isimo lekuphumula isimo umsebenzi bokuphila i umzimba.

3. conductivity. Leli khono ukusakaza izimpendulo excitatory. It kuncike nokwakheka kwezicubu kanye nezici zayo zisebenza kahle.

4. Imemori unesibopho ukulungisa izinguquko ezenzekayo ezingeni yamangqamuzana ne ukungena izinguquko isimiso sezakhi zofuzo. Lokhu izinga kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba silangazelele ukuziphatha umzimba eziphendula kokungenela okuphindaphindiwe.

Ukucasuka: definition kanye nencazelo

Kuyini ukucasuka? Noma ngabe impahla kokubusa umzimba, noma kunalokho, kuwumbandela okubuhlungu excitability lobukhali ngokweqile isitho noma ingxenye yomzimba? ezifweni Natural isici sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo, izicubu cell, ngaphansi kwethonya ezishukumisa ezithile ukuba asabele ngendlela ethile. I physiology ukucasuka - is a impahla kwemizwa, kwemisipha noma ezinye izicubu nokusabela ezintweni. Ikhono lokuphendula izinguquko imvelo ngokomzimba noma ongizalayo isakhiwo sazo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni. Izibonelo ezinjalo yilezi ezilandelayo: ukuhamba izitshalo ukuba ukukhanya, constriction umfundi kanye ukunwetshwa ngenxa yezinguquko umfutho ukukhanya , njalo njalo.

I etymology umqondo

Igama elithi sivela irritabilitas Latin. Ukucasuka - inkambu ukusabela ezicini ezithile zangaphandle. Leligama lisetshenziswa ukuchaza izimpendulo bokuphila ezintweni, kanye ukubonakaliswa sokugembula ezihambisana ngozwelo ngokweqile. Lo mqondo akufanele kube kudidaniswe ukucasuka. Le mpahla kungenzeka ababhikishe ukusabela zokuziphatha ukuze imvelo, isimo, ezishukumisa lwezenhlalo nangokomzwelo abonakalisa ngokufutheka okungalawuleki, entukuthelo nokukhungatheka. Ngokuvamile, le mfanelo umuntu azalwa nalo lokuhlaziya abantu. Ukucasuka - lokhu impahla konke ukuphila, kuhlanganise yezimila nezilwane ezihlukahlukene.

Ukucasuka futhi lithathelwe

Zonke izinto eziphilayo kufanele lokhu impahla njengoba ukucasuka. Lena ekhonweni lomzimba lokukwazi sicondze nokusabela ezintweni ezenzeka ethile, okungase kube nemiphumela kokubili emihle nemibi. Lesi sitshalo ngokuvamile bayichezukisa bebheke lapho kukhona ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe. Ukuzizwa ukufudumala, umuntu angase asuse isandla zakhe esithandweni somlilo esishisayo.

Okuhlobene eduze welithi "ukucasuka" kuyinto lithathelwe, okuyinto unomthwalo izinguquko emzimbeni ekuphenduleni ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle. Ngokwesibonelo, isikhumba womuntu mnyama lapho zihlatshwa yilanga okukhulu. Igama elithi "lithathelwe" ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa ukuchaza izinguquko ezithile imiphakathi ukuthi ngokuvamile abakwazi zidlulele enzalweni futhi ke akuzona evolutionarily abalulekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinguquko ngokuvamile emuva. Ngokwesibonelo, tan bayobuna, kuthiwani uma lo muntu eyeka ukuba uhlale elangeni. izimo Environmental ingabagulisa izinguquko zesikhathi eside ukwakheka kwezakhi labantu ukuthi kuyodingeka engelapheki e eziphilayo ngabanye.

imiqondo eyisisekelo

Ukucasuka yikhono eziphilayo asabele ngendlela ethile ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle ngokushintsha isimo sabo futhi abanye imisebenzi. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe ezishukumisa ukukhonza labo yizici zemvelo ukuthi kungabangela ukusabela. Ngokuhamba kwemvelo izicubu kwamiswa, okuyinto abe ezingeni eliphezulu yozwela ngenxa yokubakhona receptor ethize kumaseli. Lezi kwezicubu kukhona izicubu singangena sezinzwa, kwemisipha ne yezindlala.

Ubudlelwane of ukucasuka futhi excitability

Ukucasuka nokukhathazeka atehlukaniseki. Excitability ibizwa ngokuthi impahla kwezicubu ehleleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuphatheka ezintweni ezenzeka ngaphandle ngokushintsha izimfanelo bokuphila. Indawo yokuqala izoba excitability isimiso sezinzwa, kulandele imisipha nezindlala.

izinhlobo ezishukumisa

Ukuhlukanisa phakathi izindlela ngaphakathi nangaphandle kokungenela. I yangaphandle zihlanganisa:

1. Physical (mechanical, ezishisayo, ngemisebe umsindo). Izibonelo zibandakanya umsindo, ukukhanya, ugesi.
2. Chemical (acid, alikhali, ubuthi, izidakamizwa).
3. Eziphilayo (amagciwane, nokunye okunjalo). Ecasulayo Ungase futhi kumelwe ibhekwe njengezwe ukudla ubulili umuntu okuphambene.
4. Komphakathi (abantu kungaba amagama ajwayelekile).

Kepha yasekhaya, kukhona umbuzo izinto akhiqizwa umzimba ngokwawo. Kungenzeka hormone kanye nezinye izingxenye eziphila abakhuthele. Ngu amandla umthelela ngamaqembu amathathu: subthreshold - labo ezingaba futhi musa ukubanga impendulo, umbundu - ukuphazamiseka ngokulinganisela - futhi suprathreshold okubangela ukusabela eziqine.