Iyini isisindo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya?

Abantu osekuyisikhathi eside abasijwayele yokuthi esinye sezici noma iyiphi impahla yiyona mass. Kuyinto esingokwemvelo hhayi kuphela e enjalo izinto ezinkulu njengoba amaplanethi nezinkanyezi, kodwa futhi nozakwabo kusukela microcosm engabonakali - proton ne-electron. Mnumzane Isaak Nyuton ngesikhathi sakhe lolungenamaphutsa kwafakazela ubuhlobo of amandla adonsela phansi futhi uquqaba, okuyinto has a emzimbeni. Njengengxenye bayihlaba kakhulu inkolelo yakhe namanje ngempumelelo kwenziwa izibalo Mechanics yasezulwini. Ngemva kwesikhathi ngemva kokumiswa theory Newton, kwakudingekile ukuba ngcono neziqinile, njengoba ezinye izenzakalo ahlale simbe. Le nkinga yaxazululeka ngu Einstein, yena washayelwa "inkolelo-mbono yakhe ekhethekile '. Kwabe sekufika abadumile ifomula E = m * (c * c ), olubonisa ubuhlobo amandla, mass futhi ijubane lokukhanya. Ukusebenzisa ifomula izinhlayiya ngokushesha kwaba sobala ukuthi isisindo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya (ukukhanya kuyizinhlayiyana) zero. Uma uthi nhlá, kuphambene ingqondo, kodwa konke kuhamba kahle. Sisindvo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya at zero Isivinini motion yayo zero. Kodwa lapho kuyizinhlayiyana Onqobayo ayizinkulungwane 300 km / s -. Kuba isisindo umkhuba. Nokho, muva nje kunenkolelo kunobukhulu bendawo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya, kodwa zero. Bese value elandelayo kusukela ifomula H * v = m * (c * c ), kuyinto mass relativistic. Ngakho, yini ngempela kunobukhulu bendawo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya? Ifomula ngempela. Kuphela sinzima kakhulu futhi kubalwa kusetshenziswa ukubaluleka umfutho nezinhlayiya.

Njengoba amandla E we-albhamu yezithombe ilingana H * v ke ifomula kungacacisa nenqwaba:

m = (H * v) / (c * c)

Nokho, kusukela albhamu yezithombe, eqinisweni, ukukhanya kokuba isimiso ngeke kube khona ngesivinini esingaphansi "c" (300 ayizinkulungwane. Km / s), i-mass ephakeme yathola ilungile kuphela isimo ezinyakazayo.

Impulse ingatholakala

p = (m * v) / sqrt (1- (v * v) / (c * c))

Ingqikithi khona kubonisa amandla. Yebo, uma shintsha izandla ngaphansi imisebe yelanga, ngokusobala ke baluzwa elangeni elishisayo. Lesi simo esiyingqayizivele sibangelwa zingachazwa ngezinqubo yokudlulisa amandla iyiphi kuyizinhlayiyana kokuba mass ethize ihamba ngesivinini esikhulu. Yilokhu siyenzeka maqondana nezwe. Ngakho-ke, abantu abaningi kanye nomfutho we-albhamu yezithombe kubaluleke kangaka, nakuba kuleli cala akuyona njalo kungenzeka ukuba isebenze ne imiqondo evamile.

Ngo izinkundla eziningi ze-Internet kukhona mpikiswano mayelana nemvelo ukuthi kuyini ukukhanya nokuthi ukwenza izibalo. Ngokusobala, umbuzo yini isisindo ikhasi lesikhwama sasekhaya, angeke okwamanje kumelwe libhekwe njengelingcwele ivaliwe. Izindlela ezintsha zivumela ngendlela ehluke ngokuphelele ukuchaza izinqubo uyalandelwa. Ngo isayensi, njengoba kuhlale kunjalo: isibonelo, ithiyori ngowokuqala Newton lwaluvela luphelele futhi okunengqondo, kodwa kungakabiphi kwaba sobala ukuthi kufanele kube khona isibalo izichibiyelo. Naphezu kwakho konke lokhu, lutho evimbela ukusetshenziswa izakhiwo eyaziwa kakade ka ecucuza ukukhanya: indoda efundile ngosizo kumadivayisi ukubona ebumnyameni; iminyango ivulekile ngokuzenzakalela nezitolo ezinkulu isivakashi; amanethiwekhi optical sezishiye ngaphambilini ezingabonwayo digital ukudluliswa zedatha; kanye namadivayisi ekhethekile ukuvumela ukuguqula zamandla ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi.

Kungani i-albhamu yezithombe uphumule has mass (futhi wawungekho)? Zikhona izincazelo eziningana. Okokuqala - lesi siphetho kulandela kusukela amafomula. Esesibili - kusukela ukukhanya has a imvelo ezimbili (ufana negagasi kanye nezinhlayiya ukugeleza), kusobala ukuthi umqondo we mass engasebenzi ngokuphelele emisebeni. Okwesithathu - logic: ukucabanga isondo ngokushesha ligijima. Uma ubuka ngalé kwalo, esikhundleni spokes kungabonwa ethe, haze. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uqale ukwehlisa ijubane ukujikeleza, njengoba kwenkungu kancane kancane esenyamalala, kuphela spokes kukhona esitobhini ephelele. Kulesi sibonelo, i-ufasimbe - nezinhlayiya, ngokuthi "izinhlayiyana eziningi zokukhanya." Kungaba kuphela kugujwe iragela phambili, futhi nge speed kahle ichazwe. Uma ijubane lehla ngezansi 300 ayizinkulungwane. Km / s, i-albhamu yezithombe iphele.