Isikhumbuzo sabakwa-Chekists eKiev: umlando, incazelo, ukudiliza. Bangobani ama-Chekists?

Isikhathi saseSoviet sashiya izikhumbuzo eziningi, ama-steles nezikhumbuzo, isimo sengqondo esiphila kuso ezinsukwini zethu. Enye yazo iyisikhumbuzo kuma-Chekists, afakwe eKiev on Square Square.

ISoviet Union ngamatshe nangethusi

Uhulumeni waseSoviet wawuqaphela kakhulu imfundo yezemvelo yabakhamuzi bayo. Imali eningi yabelwe kusukela kwisabelomali sezwe sokwakhiwa kwezikhumbuzo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezikhumbuzo kuyo yonke indawo yayo. Ngenxa yalokho, izinkulungwane zezithombe eziqoshiwe, ama-steles, izakhiwo ezifanayo zezikhumbuzo zakhula kuwo wonke amadolobha, emzaneni nasemzaneni wamandla amakhulu.

Izikhumbuzo zaseSoviet zenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile kaningi ngebhesi, itshe noma i-gypsum. Izibonelo ezinhle kakhulu futhi ezicacile zobuciko beSoviet monumental zasungulwa emadolobheni amakhulu nasezindaweni eziyinhloko zama-republics zangaphambili. I-Kiev yayingavamile.

Emigwaqweni nasezikweleleni ezinhlokodolobha zase-Ukraine zanamuhla ngesikhathi i-USSR isungulwa hhayi izikhumbuzo ezingaphansi kwekhulu, izikhumbuzo ezikhunjulwayo kanye nezikhumbuzo zezikhumbuzo. Phakathi kwazo kukhona isikhumbuzo esikhulu se-Equestrian equestrian Shchorsu, lezi zithombe eziyishumi nambili zikaVladimir Ilyich Lenin, isikhumbuzo esikhulu "samaChekists - fighters of the Revolution" nabanye abaningi. Cishe zonke zazo sezidilizwe noma zizodilizwa ngokuhambisana noMthetho "Wokugwema" owawamukelwa kuleli zwe entwasahlobo ka-2015.

I-Chekists - bangobani?

Isikhumbuzo sabakwaChekists eLybidska Square ingenye yezikhumbuzo ezingakaze zenzeke eKiev. Isimo sengqondo sakhe phakathi kwabantu baseKiev siningi kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokuchazwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo ngokwayo, kuzuzisa ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi i-Chekists, yiyiphi indima abayidlala kuhulumeni waseSoviet.

Ngomqondo omncane, i-Chekist isisebenzi esivamile seCheka okuthiwa i-Cheka (i-All-Russian Extraordinary Commission yokulwa nokuphikisana nokubuyiselwa kweSabatage). Kusuka kusifinyezo esifingqiwe salomzimba wombuso, igama elithi "chekist" livela.

I-Cheka ikhona kusukela ngo-1917 kuya ku-1922, okwathi ngemva kwalokho idlulisela amandla wayo kwesinye isakhiwo ngesifingqo esiyingozi se-NKVD. Ngokwe-V.I. U-Lenin, i-Cheka kwakuzoba "isikhali sokushaya ngokumelene nayo yonke imizamo yamandla aseSoviet." Eqinisweni, umzabalazo osebenzayo ngokumelene ne-counter-revolution, empeleni, waba yizimpendulo ezinkulu kanye nokuqothulwa kwabaphikisi be-USSR.

I-Kiev isikhumbuzo kuma-Chekists: umlando nencazelo

Esinye isidalwa soviet Solar granite sakhula eLybidska Square ngo-1967 (nakuba ngaleso sikhathi kwakunegama likaFeliksi Dzerzhinsky). Ekupheleni kukaMeyi 2016, isikhumbuzo sabakwaChekist eKieya sagcwaliswa. Ngokusho kolwazi olungaqinisekisiwe, isakhiwo sehhovisi sizokwakhiwa maduze endaweni yaso.

"Umsebenzi wobuciko bezenhlalakahle", "isikhumbuzo esingenasici nesihlukumezayo" - isikhumbuzo sabakwaChekists esibizwa ngokuhlukile. Umbhali walo wayengumdwebi waseKiev Vasily Boroday. Ngendlela, ezinye izinto ezidumile ezenziwe ngezandla zakhe ziyisikhumbuzo sabasunguli baseKiev, kanye nesikhumbuzo esikhulu esithi "Motherland-Mother".

Isikhumbuzo seLybidska Square kwakuyisitja segranite sefomu le cubic, ubuso obunjiwe bezisebenzi ezimbili ze-Cheka. Ngezansi kwakukhona ukubhaliswa okumnyama kokuqukethwe okulandelayo: "Kuba chekists abanesibindi - fighters of the Revolution". Okokuqala, lesi sikhumbuzo sanikezelwa abasebenzi baseCheka, abafa empini yeSoviet.

Ukubhujiswa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo kuma-Chekists: ukuthi kwakungakanani

Umqondo wokudiliza isikhumbuzo esichazwe ngenhla wavela kwabameleli bomphakathi waseMoscow kuma-90s. Ngokuphindwe kabili lolu daba lwaxoxwa ngabaphathi bekhansela laseKiev.

Isenzo sokuqala sokuchithwa kwetshe lesikhumbuzo esikhwameni saseLybid kwenzeka ngoDisemba 2009. Ngobusuku obusika obunye ubusika iqembu labantu abangaziwa lilimale ingxenye yengxenye, lishaya i-cap nekhasi kwelinye lamaChekists amatshe. Ngo-2013 esiqhumini se-granite sabonakala sibhalisiwe: "Ababulali base-Ukraine."

Ngokuzikhandla okukhulu ekubhujisweni kwalesi sikhumbuzo eKiev waqala ukukhuluma ngesikhathi sezenzakalo ze-EuroMaidan 2013-2014. Ngokuyinhloko, ngoFebhuwari 23, 2014, abaguquleli abahlukumezayo benza umzamo omkhulu wokuqothula isikhumbuzo. Kodwa-ke, i-stela enamandla ne-monolithic ye-granite ebomvu yayimi ngaphambi kwalokhu kuhlaselwa.

Ngemva kokwamukelwa komthetho ngokubola kwiVerkhovna Rada yase-Ukraine, isiphetho setshe lesikhumbuzo sama-Chekists sasihlongozwe ngaphambilini. Ngo-May 25, 2016 kuLybid Square kwafika imishini enzima. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezine, isiteleka saqedwa ngokuphelele.