UHarald Fairhair: Biography of the King wokuqala Norway

Eyokuqala King of Norway UHarald Fairhair abusa eminyakeni 872-930. Wahlanganisa ngaphansi kokubusa kwakhe eqenjini lokuqala ezilwayo Viking futhi ihlelwe uhambo lomkhumbi eziningana kolwandle ngasentshonalanga. Okwaqala ngokubekwa uHarald lalibuswa Norway kuze 1319 (kanye Denmark e 1042 -. 1047 GG).

Race for amandla

UHarald Fairhair wazalwa ngo-850, indodana Halfdan-Black - Westfold weNkosi. Ubaba wakhe washona lapho umfana eneminyaka eyishumi ubudala. Nakuba 'uHarald Ros, Ibutho lakhe umalume wakhe wagijima izindaba isimo Guthorm. Ziningi amakhosi aqala bephazamisa ubunikazi Halfdan, kodwa zanqotshwa ngokulandelana.

Lapho ufika ukuvuthwa, uHarald Fairhair umgomo sihlanganise lonke izwe bakubo. Ngefa kuyise efika lwanamuhla eningizimu-asempumalanga Norway, kodwa wayefuna okwengeziwe. Ngo 872, uHarald eyalwa ku amakhosi ababenqaba ukuqeqeshelwa baqaphele ubukhosi Fairhair. Kwakuwusuku Umbusi Herdlanda Eirik, umbusi Rogaland Sulki futhi Hadd Hroald zaziqinile futhi edumele ka Telamerka. Bonke laba amakhosi zazibandakanya ukunqoba nendodana encane yalo Halfdan the Black.

Eyokuqala inkosi yakwa Norway

Emva ukuhlangana amabutho abo ukuze Drakkar, uHarald Fairhair ngomkhumbi ogwini of Norway kuya eningizimu-ntshonalanga - enhliziyweni izigodi kwabaphikisi bakhe. Impi ewumnqamula-juqu senzeka ngo Havrsforde - omunye amawa ugu, lapho namuhla ikhumbule impi ebalulekile imele isikhumbuzo. umphumela Inqunywa empini zineminyaka berserker kuhlasela - amasosha, amalungu zangaphambili yokukhulekelwa kukankulunkulukazi unkulunkulu Odin empini. Lezi-Marine i ukuhlaselwa abanolaka wahlasela ezinhlwini labamelene, babahola babayisa okukhulu.

Ngakho 'uHarald Fairhair inqobe ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni yami. izitha zakhe zabulawa noma babaleka. Norway ayisaxhunyanisiwe wamelana amandla njongo yalokhu Viking abasha. Ngo 872, waba inkosi yokuqala Norway.

Journey ENtshonalanga

Lapho uHarald baseNorway baqala ukuhlala endaweni ongakasetshenzwa ngaphambili. izifundazwe ezintsha ziye yingcweti - futhi Helsingyaland Yamtaland. Ngesikhathi esifanayo abantu bakubo wathola emazweni ngaphambili ayaziwa - Faroe Islands futhi Iceland. Ngemva Korol uHarald Fairhair liqala ukubusa, uJosefa wabaleka waphuma amaningi, abaphikisi bakhe nje kuphela, kodwa futhi zonke izinhlobo amasela, ezingelwa ukuphanga. Lezi amaViking esezinzile Orkney Islands. Njalo ehlobo okuhleliwe ukuhlaselwa nokuseshwa Norway, owabangela umonakalo ngokuthi sabantu.

Okokuqala uHarald ukuvikela ezweni lakubo, kanye ngonyaka, kubutsela amabutho bese ehlola ngasogwini lolwandle, oludlula konke uhlushwa kubaphangi. Nanobe kunjalo, lelisu kwaba ayizwakali. Ekugcineni, Viking uHarald Fairhair wabutha ibutho kanye lasolwandle, waya eLwandle Western. Walwa le Orkney Islands, lapho ebhubhisa bonke ababaleki. Ngemva kwalokho baseNorway baya eScotland Isle of Man. Kuphangwa wabanika eziningi ngempango. Ngenxa umkhankaso ophumelele nasekutholeni emazweni amasha uHarald kancane kancane kuqinisa amandla akhe.

Ukuxabana izingane

UHarald esimisiwe nababusi babo ezifundazweni kuphela abantu abazinikezele kakhulu futhi kungase kutholakale. Akufani namadodana akhe. Earls kubo babe yizinkulungwane upstarts ubani ezakho asebukhosini. Minyaka yonke, bonke abantwana bakwa-izimfuno ifa likayise. Nzalo uHarald kwadingeka babe baningi (ngokusho emithonjeni ezihlukahlukene, angu-20).

Uma amadodana amabili Gudred Halfdan futhi eqoqwe iqembu elikhulu, ngokungazelelwe ehlaselwa Jarl Regnvalda. Indlu washa umbusi (lapho abantu 60 abantu abafa) kanye isiphetho iyophangwa. UHarald kwadingeka ukuya empini emelene Amadodana abo, okuhleliwe kubulawa ngoba inkani yawo. Gudred owayezinikele uyise, wadingiselwa Agdir.

Omunye wamadodana ka-Harald Regnvald Pryamonogy, abusa Hadalande, waqala ahileleke ubuthakathi magic. Inkosi wazonda abantu ebesizenza nabathakathi. Amaqaba ukholo Scandinavians eyaqanjwa imikhuba eminingi nokulumba. Zikhuthazwe vagrants nabapristi. King Harald Fairhair kubhekwe laba bantu ngoba kuthiwa bayizihlubuki. Wathuma indodana yakhe ozithandayo Eric Bloodaxe iya ku Hadaland ngihambele Regnvalda. Indlalifa beza ngempela phakathi kwelifa loonyana umfowabo omncane, wasishisa kanye nomunye nasezincekwini 80 nabathakathi.

izwe sephrofayela

Babalelwa ku-900, lapho 'uHarald kwaba iminyaka engu-50 ubudala, wabiza Thing (LoMhlangano Yabantu). Waxoxa ukuthi wenzeni izindlalifa eziningi weNkosi. Kaki kulindeleke, wonke amadodana ayelithola izihloko King nefa eNorway. Ngakho 'uHarald ngokusemthethweni kuvikelwe oda izinduna kanye nokwehlukaniswa ikusasa leNingizimu Afrika.

Ngokwe ngesinqumo Yikhona, wakhe ubuhanjelwe bonke abantu abanentshisekelo amadoda khulula yeNorway, isihloko King wathola izingane hhayi kuphela, kodwa futhi yonke inzalo ka-inkosi. Abafana emgqeni besifazane baba yarlami. UHarald wathembela izingane nengxenye imali kayise emizini yakubo. indodana Izintandokazi weNkosi Eirik Wethiwa elika-eksisi Bloody. Lokhu indlalifa kwaba njalo eduze uyise, emva kokufa kwakhe waba umthetho Norway.

Ukubulawa indodana uHarald

UHarald Izingane zathola ifa lazo futhi baduduzeka ukuqhosha. Nokho, ubudlelwane phakathi kwazo babe onezinkinga. Indodana yeNkosi u-Bjorn waqokwa umbusi wesifundazwe, nenhloko-dolobha yalo ekhatsi Vestfold Tunsberg Ilokishi. Wagijima ukuhweba ophezulu, okuyiwona wathola isidlaliso abahwebi nezazi amatilosi.

Ngolunye usuku ngemuva kohambo oluya emazweni asempumalanga Eirik wabuya kuyise ngokusebenzisa Bjorn umhlaba. Umfowabo omdala waphoqelela wayinikeza izintela abasebasha senzelwe esikhwameni yomphakathi. Lokhu kwakuphambene ngokwezifiso. Ngokuvamile wamxosha Bjorn izintela wathumela kuyise noma namadoda ayekanye nayo. Nokho, Eirik weyengenandaba - kwadingeka achithe imali eningi lenhlangano nokuqukethwe bomkhankaso zokugcina. Eziba khona phakathi kwabafowethu kwaqubuka ingxabano. Umbango yaphela lapho Eirik: kwahluka ulaka, wasihlephula neqembu efanele ekhaya Bjorn dlulisa Sailor futhi Viking bakhe abakhulu. UHarald Aged akazange amjezise indodana umdala.

Renunciation nokufa

Ngo 930 uHarald wayeneminyaka engu-80 ubudala. Ukuze yokuguga, waphila isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, le nkosi baya hambisa engavamile ukuba Ephakathi - wanika umqhele indodana yakhe, kuyilapho useyaphila. Ukwenza Erik King Harald waya impahla yakhe e Rogaland. New njengoba inzalamizi endala emndenini omkhulu wathola ukuzalwa nomzukulu wakhe, asibiza igama kumkhulu wakhe. Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi wayeyoba inkosi yakwa-Norway uHarald II Gray izikhumba. Ingane yokutholwa izici eziningi Fairhair.

UHarald ngafa ngemva kweminyaka engaba mithathu abdication lakhe 933, wabulungwa edolobheni Haugare. Namuhla, budebuduze zezitsha isonto. Ukuze enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye kuba indunduma, okuyinto yangcwatshwa inkosi yokuqala Norway.

Ifa Elashiywa U-Harald

EScandinavia uHarald Fairhair futhi Ragnar Lodbrok - ababusi edume of ekuqaleni kweNkathi Ephakathi. Esokuqala kwaba inkosi yakwa Norway, kanti eyesibili - Denmark. Eyesibili isigamu kwekhulu IX - kwenkathi umsuka wekuba sive kula mazwe. ISilo baba abaholi babantu babo ku amanxiwa ubudala uhlelo zamaKhosi.

King Harald Fairhair futhi Ragnar Lodbrok ukuyiveza ngokunamandla iyiphi kuwukubonakaliswa separatism. Ngokuzayo wafakazela ukuthi medieval monarchies zaseScandinavia sasimunye kuphela uma uma umbusi yibo bonke izinduna. Ezinye abazolandela uHarald babe mithi ababuthakathaka futhi bengenakho okuhlangenwe nakho. Ngenxa yalokhu, Norway ngokuphindaphindiwe shí empini yombango. Yingakho isikhathi uHarald e ukwazi mass abantu kubhekwa kwenkathi ephawulekayo, futhi inkosi ngayinye wazama ukuba kulinganiswe nakho.

Umlando ephakathi Norway wanikela inzalo heroes eziningi kanye nezinhlamvu ezidumile zobuciko. Phakathi kwazo futhi uHarald Fairhair. Abalingisi nezizukulwane ezahlukene wadlalela e imikhiqizo eziningana. Ngokwesibonelo, kwaba ifilimu Soviet-Norwegian "Futhi amatshe izihlahla zikhule" ngo-1985, futhi uchungechunge Irish-Canadian yesimanje "AmaViking".