Ubani ama-niggas? Ukusho kwegama kanye nokuhlukahluka kokuhumusha.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ekukhulumisaneni nabantu bohlanga oluthile, abantu abafunde kahle basebenzise imigomo efanele, zonke izigameko ezifanayo ezikhohlakeleyo zanele: i-Moskali, i-katsapy, i-khokhly, i-bulbashi, njll. Nakuba "ekuhlambalazeni" abahambisani nanoma yikuphi ukuqhathaniswa nalokhu okwaziwa Ngelinye igama, njenge "niggaz". Futhi leli zwi lavelaphi? Kungani kucasula abameleli bomhlanga weNegroid? Futhi ingabe kunezinye izincazelo? Bambalwa abantu abazi izimpendulo zale mibuzo. Ake sizame ukuqonda isihloko.

Kungani abantu abamnyama bangabizwa ngokuthi ama-negroes?

Sekuyisikhathi esithile manje, abantu base-Afrika baseMelika basebenzile kabi ngisho nezwi elingathathi hlangothi elithi "Negro", becabanga ukuthi libandlululo. Eqinisweni, i- semantics yale ngxenye ye- lexical inezimpande ezinengqondo. Ekuhumusheni kusuka eSpanishi, "negro" "umbala omnyama". Kusukela esikhathini abantu abadala babizwa ngokuthi umhlanga we-Negroid. Kulo lolo lwazi ngaphansi kwencazelo enjalo kwafika abamele umjaho weKapaid - ama-Bushmen nama-Hottentot. Futhi eRussia leli gama libizwa ngokuthi i-mulatto emnyama.

Ubani ama-niggas futhi leli gama lazikhulisa kanjani?

Akumangazi ukuthi leli gama elilula lisetshenziselwa silulumagama lwesayensi kanye nezifinyezo eziningi. Emazweni akhuluma iSpanishi, igama elithi "negro" yilodwa kuphela elibizwa ngokuthi umbala omnyama, ngakho ukubonakala kweqiniso kwezombusazwe lapha kubonakala kungenangqondo. E-Netherlands naseFlanders, igama lesiDashi elithi "neger" lingagxekwa, kodwa akusho ngokusemthethweni kwezombusazwe. Kodwa siyaqaphela ukuthi ezichazamazwi kukhona inothi ukuthi igama labanye abantu libhekwa njengento ecasulayo.

Ngezilimi zaseYurophu ekhulwini lama-17, emvuthwandaba wekolonialism, amagama anomsindo ofanayo. Ngakho, igama elithi "niger" livela ngesiLatini. Indlela yokunquma ukuthi ubani ongu-niggas, futhi yini engalungile ngaleli gama? Igama elithi "nigga" lisho okufanayo, liyisigcizelo sombala omnyama wesikhumba, ngakho-ke akukho lutho oluhlambalaza lapha. Kodwa ngemva kokuwa kwekolonialism engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20, ukusetshenziselwa okusemthethweni kweli gama kwanciphisa kakhulu, kwagxila kakhulu ekukhulumeni kabi. Qaphela ukuthi e-US leli gama lashintshwa igama elithi "abamnyama", naseFrance - "i-african". Amagama athi "nigger", "nigga" ahlala ekukhulumeni isiNgisi futhi asetshenziswe ngendlela ephawulekayo ngabase-Afrika baseMelika, futhi kusukela ezindebeni zaseYurophu kubhekwa njengokuhlambalaza nokubonakaliswa kobandlululo.

Kungani kwamanye amazwe abantu abamnyama beqaphe?

E-Russia, isimo sihlukile, ngoba nanamuhla, abameleli beNigroid umcabango babhekwa njengento engavamile, naphezu kokuthi kusukela phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwaba khona ukukhukhula kwabafundi base-Afrika. Mhlawumbe imibono engaphelelwe yisikhathi ingenxa yamasiko agxilile kakhulu, umbono ongalungile wemishado exubekile nokuphika konke okungavamile. Ngokuphathelene nesihloko sethu esiyinhloko, siyaqaphela ukuthi iningi labantu abamnyama lavela emazweni aseSpain noma asePutukezi, okuyiCuba, i-Angola ne-Mozambique, lapho igama elithi "negro" noma "nigga" elingahambi. Ngolimi lwesiRashiya, igama elithi "niggas" alinayo imibala engafanele yolwimi, engakwazi ukushiwo nge-United States, lapho isetshenziselwa khona igama elihlazo lomuntu omnyama.

Ngokuvamile, incazelo yegama incike kumbala womzwelo kanye nomongo wendima. Noma kunjalo kusenkumbulweni yabantu abamnyama yizikhathi zobugqila, lapho igama elithi "niggas" lisho "izigqila". Yize leli qiniso lingaqondile, ngemuva kokuba bonke abameleli bazo zonke izizwe, banoma yiluphi umbala wesikhumba bangena ebugqilini. Ngakho-ke, ayikho ulwazi olunokwethenjelwa mayelana nokuthi abakwa-niggers abanjalo nalabo ababiza ngokuthi igama elinjalo. Noma kunjalo, abantu abamnyama beplanethi bavame ukuthatha leli gama ngaphandle kokusetshenziswa, bahlobanise nezihlubuki kanye nokuxoshwa komphakathi. Kancane kancane, umkhuba wokwenqaba ukusebenzisa isiteketiso esihlaselayo usanda kakhulu, futhi abameleli base-US beNigroid umhlanga kuthiwa abamnyama ngokuhloniphekile. E-Latin America, bakhetha ukushintsha igama elithi "Niger". Okushiwo igama lapha akucasuli abantu, kepha uma bekhuluma nabakhileyo kwamanye amazwe, omunye umqondo usetshenziswa - "prieto". Ngaphansi kwethonya leSpanishi, abezindaba baseBrazil basekela indlela yokusebenzisa igama elithi "Negro".

Muva nje, ngokuphindaphindiwe, ukubizwa okunjalo kwabantu abamnyama njengeNigro Africans sekusetshenzisiwe. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emazweni akhuluma isiRomania aseMedithera, eseduze kakhulu namazwe aseNyakatho Afrika, lapho kunabantu abaningi kakhulu base-Arab, Berber naseNigro. Leli gama lenza kube lula ukuphuma ngaphandle kwezwe elixubile lamazwe ase-Afrika kuphela isici seNigro.

Umthetho uthini?

Akukade kudala, iNkantolo yaseSifunda ihlose isihloko sokusebenzisa igama elithi "Niger" ngenye ye-Afrika yaseMelika ngokuphathelene nomunye ngenhloso yokuveza uthando nokubonga. Inkantolo inqume ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwenkulumo enjalo kuthwala inkulumo engalungile kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ingumongo. Abahluleli bazama ukuthola ukuthi ubani obese-niggas, nokuthi ngabe inhloko yesikhungo sokuqashwa kufanele ikhokhele isinxephezelo kumsebenzi wakhe omnyama ngalokho ayembiza ngokuthi lelo gama. Icala linqunywe ngokumelene neqembu elimele, kodwa kwakhiwe amazinga amabili mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwegama elithi "niggaz" . Uma lisetshenziswe abamhlophe, kuyisihlamba, kodwa abamnyama bangagaya ngaphandle komonakalo.

Ekuphetheni, ngifuna ukuphawula ukuthi i-nigga iyizwi elibizwa ngama-polysemantic, okuthi, ngaphezu kombala wesikhumba nobuzwe, libuye lisho umfula ogcweleyo, okwesithathu ngobukhulu ngemva kweNayile neCongo. Futhi lesi simo seWest Africa. Ngakho khumbula, uma uzwa inkulumo ethi "nigga": incazelo yegama ingahluka, futhi ukuqonda inkulumo okufanele uyigxile kumongo.