Sphere yizenzo zabantu. Uyini ukukhiqizwa?

Umqondo "ukukhiqizwa" ekuphileni kwansuku zonke akuyona into engavamile. Ngokuvamile, abaningi bha ukucabanga le nqubo. Esihlokweni sihlolisise lo mqondo, cabanga izingxenye.

Ukukhiqizwa ngokombono

Okokuqala nje, ake sibheke amagama futhi ukunquma ukuthi ukukhiqizwa ezinjalo. Ngaphansi le nqubo, kuyaqondakala womshini zonke izinhlobo zezimpahla noma ukusetshenziswa imishini (angisebenzi) ngokuhlanganyela nengcebo ukuze akwazi ukuhlinzeka izinsiza ezidingekayo (izimpahla). Le ndoda ngesikhathi kukhishwa umkhiqizo ukusetshenziswa kunemtselela izinto zemvelo, ebanikeza ilungelo zehluleka ukwanelisa izidingo zabo ukuma. Kuyini ukukhiqizwa kuleli cala? Le nqubo kunikeza kabusha izinto jikelele eluhlaza, ubunjalo idatha ezidingekayo imikhiqizo ukusetshenziswa. Waphatha, bona-ke okwakumelwe, ingasetshenziswa ukukhiqizwa olwengeziwe. Futhi, kulezi ukuzibonisa sikulungele ukusetshenziswa njengoba injalo yasekuqaleni. Lokhu kusebenza ukukhiqiza njalo kungakhathaliseki isakhiwo yomphakathi. Okuphuma kungaba inqubo ngempela eziphathekayo (ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla ezithile) noma angaphatheki. Ngokwesibonelo, yini ukuphoqelelwa? Lokhu akusho ukukhulula izimpahla noma ukuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi. Kuyinto oda ezithile ukubulawa kwabo nezinqumo zenqubo mshini zazo kulawulwa umthetho. Njengoba ubona, kuhlobane ngokuqondile imikhiqizo yalesi mqondo ukusetshenziswa.

Izakhi eziyinhloko

Isimo ezidingekile ekuqaleni ukukhiqiza khona noma yimuphi izidingo. Ake sicabangele lokho izici zokukhiqiza? izincwadi Modern inikeza omningi ukucaciseleka leli qiniso. ithiyori Economic uchaza isici ekukhiqizeni njengoba isici esibalulekile. Anakho nomthelela omkhulu umphumela wokugcina lokuzuziwe inqubo womshini noma ukukhiqizwa ezinye izinsizakalo. Ingabe Zikhona Izimo Ezenza zokukhiqiza izingxenye eziyinhloko obusebenzayo ukukhiqizwa. Kusukela ekusebenzelaneni kwabo kuncike yi lokugcina yonke inqubo ezimbonini noma kwezohwebo ngakhoke kuholela nokuxhumana esitebeleni yenhlangano imvelo yangaphandle. Ingqikithi yezinto nokuchitshiyelwa ezincane ngamaqembu amabili:

1. Basic. Lezi zihlanganisa, ikakhulukazi, kufanele zihlanganisa: zabasebenzi, ikhono kwezamabhizinisi, qala-up dolobha (e isakhiwo okuhlanganisa umhlaba, capital womuntu).

2. ukunikeza. Lezi zihlanganisa: ulwazi, laphetfwe ngumkhiqizi, kwezobuchwepheshe inhlangano zokukhiqiza, isici kwemvelo, umklamo kanye ucwaningo nentuthuko impumelelo.

Emibhalweni zezomnotho, kunesinye ngezigaba. Ngokusho kwakhe, izizathu zokukhiqiza zihlukaniswe amaqembu amane. Ziyakwazi: dolobha, yemvelo (ezinye izifundo ezitholakala welithi "umhlaba") kanye nokuphathwa kwabasebenzi (kulo mqondo, njengoba umthetho, kuthiwa "umsebenzi"), kanye nekhono abafuna ukuba namabhizinisi abo.

human resources

Ngaphansi le ncazelo isho noma yiluphi uhlobo umsebenzi womuntu. Kungaba ngokomzimba noma bokusungula. Kuqondiswe umsebenzi womuntu (ngaphakathi kohlaka lo mqondo) kuzuzwe umphumela othile. Ngo inqubo amakhono zabasebenzi, imfundo ekhethekile, kanye nezinye ulwazi ewusizo nemakhono labawatfolile ngabantu angasetshenziswa. Isikhathi ngesikhathi lapho umuntu usebenza (ukhiqiza imikhiqizo namasevisi ngenxa yomsebenzi walo), ngokuthi ihhovisi amahora.

kwemithombo yemvelo

Ngilusizo kwemithombo yemvelo: amanzi, ummoya, imithi nezinye izinto eziningi abantu basebenzisa ekukhiqizeni izimpahla namasevisi - zonke, izinto zemvelo zemvelo. amaphuzu abalulekile uma usebenzisa imithombo yemvelo ukuthi ukukhiqizwa enjalo kuncike ngokuphelele inani imithombo edingekayo anawo inhlangano ngesikhathi.

inhlokodolobha

Igama elithi "dolobha" ngokuya izici zokukhiqiza iqoqo. Libhekisela ingqikithi zonke izinsimbi zomsebenzi elisetshenziswa ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo, noma ukukhululwa kwezimpahla. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi imali zitshalwa ku umjikelezo ukukhiqiza. Ukuze balandise ngenxa ukusetshenziswa dolobha tinsita Inkampani usanda kwethula lento umqondo olukhethekile "izindleko zokukhiqiza". Ake sihlole lokhu umqondo kabanzi. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ithiyori kwezomnotho yesimanje alinikezi impendulo ocacile wokuba umbuzo yini izindleko zokukhiqiza. Esikhathini izincwadi kuba incazelo ehlukile. Ngokusho kwelinye ochwepheshe, ngaphansi izindleko edingekayo ukuze siqonde kuphela izindleko zokuphila noma umshikashika imizimba, etholwe inqubo ukukhiqizwa kanye nokuqaliswa kwalo okunye. Ngakolunye izikhundla ukukhuluma imihlola ezenzeka ngqo endaweni yokwelashwa. Isikhundla yesibili ejwayelekile zokuhwebelana kanye iIgama umphakathi nezinhlangano.

Umthamo temabhizimisi

Abantu yibona ababaluleke kakhulu yenqubo ukukhiqizwa, ngokuxhumanisa ezintathu izici zako ezisemqoka (inhlokodolobha, abantu kanye nemithombo yemvelo), ibhizinisi. Asho ukuthini leli gama? Entrepreneurship iqoqo zonke izinhlobo imizamo wezabasebenzi ukukhiqizwa kwezimpahla ezidingekayo futhi azuze ezinkonzweni. Ngaphansi lo msebenzi kungaqondakala njengoba e namakhono okuphatha, kanye emkhakheni inhlangano inqubo womshini imikhiqizo noma ukuhlinzekwa kwemisebenzi. Ngakho-ke inkinga eyinhloko nokuhwebelana womuntu ibhizinisi, iyona kwakwakhe ephumelela kunazo nezinye izinto ezintathu ezingafani phakathi kwazo.

izakhi ezengeziwe

Eminyakeni yamuva, ukubaluleka okwandisa waqala ukuthola isici okwengeziwe ezithinta ukukhiqizwa - Ulwazi. Ngesisekelo izinga futhi ifike ngesikhathi idatha zitholwa izixazululo kusheshe futhi kuphumelele kangcono. Bona kakhulu kuthinte izinga zokukhiqiza. Ulwazi eduze zithandelana kwenye ingxenyana - entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe. Lezi zici ibaluleke kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi i-ukukhiqizwa ezinjalo zisekelwe impumelelo zakamuva kwezwe zesayensi ndawonye ingxenye ulwazi ndlela iphumelela kakhulu emnothweni wanamuhla.